_Photograph_by_Shantanu_Kuveskar.jpg){kind=link}
Belongs within: Alcedines.
Contains: Alcedo.
The Alcedinidae, river kingfishers, are a group of small, brightly coloured kingfishers found in Eurasia, Africa and Australasia. They may be piscivorous or insectivorous, with the bill being black in piscivorous forms and red in insectivorous species.
Members include the three-toed kingfishers of the genus Ceyx, in which one of the forward-pointing toes of other genera has mostly been lost (a vestigial fourth toe is present in the Sulawesi dwarf kingfisher C. fallax). Species of Ceyx as currently recognised are found in southern Asia and Australasia. African species previously included in this genus are now classified the genera Ispidina and Corythornis. The little kingfisher Ceyx pusillus is a blue and white species with a black bill found from Indonesia to northern Australia.
Ispidina includes the African pygmy kingfisher I. picta and African dwarf kingfisher I. lecontei, both of which have a blue back, rufous underparts, white throat and red bill. Ispidina picta has a blue crown whereas I. lecontei has a rufous crown with a black front. Most species of Corythornis are similarly blue above and rufous below except the Madagascan kingfisher Corythornis madagascariensis which is rufous with white underparts.
<==Alcedinidae [Alcedininae, Alcedinoidea]
| i. s.: Caridonax fulgidusJT12
| StreptoceryleS18
| |--S. alcyonS18
| `--S. torquataS18
|--Ispidina Kaup 1848BKB15, B94 [Ispidininae]
| |--I. lecontei Cassin 1857BKB15, M-PG70 [=Ceyx leconteiJT12, Myioceyx leconteiM-PG70]
| `--I. picta (Boddaert 1783)M-PG70 [=Todus pictusM-PG70, Ceyx pictusJT12]
| |--I. p. pictaM-PG70
| `--I. p. natalensis (Smith 1831) [=Alcedo natalensis]M-PG70
`--+--CorythornisBKB15
| |--C. madagascariensisBKB15 [=Ceyx madagascariensisJT12]
| `--+--C. vintsioidesBKB15 [=Alcedo vintsioidesJT12]
| `--+--C. cristatus (Pallas 1764)BKB15, S05 [=Alcedo cristataJT12; incl. A. cyanostigma Rüppell 1837S05]
| `--C. leucogaster (Fraser 1843)BKB15, M-PG70 (see below for synonymy)
| |--C. l. leucogasterM-PG70
| |--C. l. batesi Chapin 1922M-PG70
| |--C. l. bowdleri (Neumann 1908) [=Alcedo leucogaster bowdleri]M-PG70
| |--C. l. leopoldi (Dubois 1905) [=Ispidina leopoldi]M-PG70
| |--C. l. nais Hartlaub 1857M-PG70
| `--C. l. thomensis Salvadori 1902M-PG70
`--+--AlcedoBKB15
`--Ceyx Lacépède 1799BKB15, B94 [Ceycinae]
| i. s.: C. cajeliAP21
| C. collectorisAP21
| C. disparAP21
| C. flumenicolaAP21
| C. gentianusAP21
| C. malaitaeAP21
| C. margarethaeAP21
| C. meekiAP21
| C. mulcatusAP21
| C. nigromaxillaAP21
| C. sacerdotisAP21
| C. solitariusAP21
| C. tridactylaS89
| C. wallaciiAP21
|--C. fallaxBKB15
| |--C. f. fallaxR02
| `--C. f. sangirensisR02
`--+--+--C. pusillusBKB15 [=Alcedo pusillaJT12; incl. A. pusilla halmaheraeJ06]
| | |--C. p. pusillusM03
| | |--‘Alcedo pusilla’ halliM03
| | `--‘Alcedo pusilla’ ramsayiM03
| `--+--C. azureus (Latham 1801)BKB15, WS48 [=Alcedo azureaWS48; incl. Alcyone azurea alisteri Mathews 1912WS48]
| | |--C. a. azureusM03
| | |--‘Alcedo azurea’ diemenensisM03
| | `--‘Alcedo azurea’ ruficollarisM03
| `--C. websteriBKB15 [=Alcedo websteriJT12]
`--+--C. melanurusBKB15
`--+--+--C. erithacaBKB15
| | |--C. e. erithacaA73
| | |--C. e. macrocarusA73
| | `--C. e. rufidorsusA73
| `--C. rufidorsaBKB15
`--+--C. lepidusBKB15
`--+--C. argentatusBKB15 [=Alcedo argentataJT12]
`--C. cyanopectusBKB15 [=Alcedo cyanopectusJT12]
Corythornis leucogaster (Fraser 1843)BKB15, M-PG70 [=Halcyon leucogasterM-PG70, Alcedo leucogasterJT12; incl. Corythornis leucogaster neumanni (Laubman 1926)M-PG70]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A73] Abdulali, H. 1973. A catalogue of the birds in the collection of the Bombay Natural History Society—13. Alcedinidae. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (3): 538–546.
[AP21] Arlott, N., & B. van Perlo. 2021. Collins Birds of the World. William Collins.
[B94] Bock, W. J. 1994. History and nomenclature of avian family-group names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 222: 1–281.
[BKB15] Burleigh, J. G., R. T. Kimball & E. L. Braun. 2015. Building the avian tree of life using a large-scale, sparse supermatrix. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 84: 53–63.
[JT12] Jetz, W., G. H. Thomas, J. B. Joy, K. Hartmann & A. Ø. Mooers. 2012. The global diversity of birds in space and time. Nature 491: 444–448.
[J06] Johnstone, R. E. 2006. The birds of Gag Island, Western Papuan islands, Indonesia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 23 (2): 115–132.
[M-PG70] Mackworth-Praed, C. W., & C. H. B. Grant. 1970. African Handbook of Birds ser. 3 vol. 1. Birds of West Central and Western Africa. Longman: London.
[M03] Morcombe, M. 2003. Field Guide to Australian Birds 2nd ed. Steve Parish Publishing.
[R02] Riley, J. 2002. Population sizes and the status of endemic and restricted-range bird species on Sangihe Island, Indonesia. Bird Conservation International 12: 53–78.
[S89] Salvadori, T. 1889. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea nella Birmania e nelle regioni vicine. XIX.—Uccelli raccolti nei Monti Carin a nord-est di Tounghoo, nel Pegù presso Rangoon e Tounghoo e nel Tenasserim presso Malewoon. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2a, 7: 369–438.
[S05] Steinheimer, F. D. 2005. Eduard Rüppel’s avian types at the Natural History Museum, Tring (Aves). Senckenbergiana Biologica 85 (2): 233–264.
[S18] Stone, W. 1918. Birds of the Panama Canal Zone, with special reference to a collection made by Mr. Lindsey L. Jewel. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 70: 239–280.
[WS48] Whittell, H. M., & D. L. Serventy. 1948. A systematic list of the birds of Western Australia. Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery of Western Australia, Special Publication 1: 1–126.