Amphidinium

Belongs within: Dinoflagellata.

Amphidinium is a genus of unarmoured dinoflagellates with a distinctly premedian cingulum (Steidinger & Williams 1970).

Characters (Steidinger & Williams 1970): Unarmoured, with thin or thick pellicle, with or without markings such as ridges. Short epicone less than or about one-third body length, cingulum distinctly premedian, with or without displacement (left-handed). Sulcus sometimes invading epicone. Body rotund, dorsoventrally flattened or laterally flattened, with or without chloroplasts.

<==Amphidinium Claparède & Lachmann 1859 [incl. Trochodinium Conrad 1926]FT93
    |--A. klebsiiLO03
    `--+--A. carterae Hulburt 1957LO03, FT93
       `--A. eilatiensis Lee, Olea et al. 2003LO03

Amphidinium incertae sedis:
  *A. operculatum Claparéde & Lachmann 1859SW70
  A. aeschrumGE87
  A. aloxalocium Norris 1961S73
  A. carbunculus Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. celestinum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. chattonii [=Endodinium chattonii]T87
  A. coeruleum Conrad 1939S73
  A. conradiGE87
  A. corallinum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. crassumSW70
  A. cristatum Ballantine in Parke & Dixon 1964 (see below for synonymy)S73
  A. cryophilumLO03
  A. cucurbitaSW70
  A. cucurbitellaGE87
  A. cyaneoturbo Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. dubium Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. elegans Grell & Wohlfarth-Botterman 1957S73
  A. fastigiumGE87
  A. fusiformisSW70
  A. geitleriGE87
  A. gyrinumGE87
  A. hialinumTP87
  A. hoefleri Schiller & Diskus 1955S73
  A. inconstansGE87
  A. inflatum Kofoid 1931S73
  A. kesslitziiSW70
  A. lacustreNMR-H99
  A. latumGE87
  A. lilloense Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. luteum Skuja 1939S73
  A. macrocephalum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. mammillatum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. microcephalum Norris 1961S73
  A. ornithocephalum Conrad 1939S73
  A. pelagicumSW70
  A. phaeocysticolaGE87
  A. phthartum Skuja 1939S73
  A. poecilochroumLO03
  A. psammophilum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. pseudogalbanum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. purpureum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. rhynchocephalumLO03
  A. rostratum Proshkina-Lavrenko 1945S73
  A. salinum Ruinen 1938S73
  A. scissumSW70
  A. sphenoidesGE87
  A. steiniiGE87
  A. stellatum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. subsalsum Biecheler 1952S73
  A. testudoTP87
  A. tortum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. trochodinoides Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. truncatumGE87
  A. vasculumGE87
  A. vittatum Conrad & Kufferath 1954S73
  A. voraxGE87
  A. wigrenseDG87
  A. wislouchii Hulburt 1957S73
  0--A. asymmetricumC-SC04
  `--+--A. belauenseC-SC04
     `--A. massartii Biecheler 1952C-SC04, S73

Nomen invalidum: Amphidinium roscoffense Dragesco 1965S73

Amphidinium cristatum Ballantine in Parke & Dixon 1964 [incl. A. rostratum Conrad & Kufferath 1954 non Proshkina-Lavrenko 1945]^S73

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[C-SC04] Cavalier-Smith, T., & E. E. Chao. 2004. Protalveolate phylogeny and systematics and the origins of Sporozoa and dinoflagellates (phylum Myzozoa nom. nov.) European Journal of Protistology 40: 185–212.

[DG87] Dodge, J. D., & C. Greuet. 1987. Dinoflagellate ultrastructure and complex organelles. In: Taylor, F. J. R. (ed.) The Biology of Dinoflagellates pp. 92–142. Blackwell Scientific.

[FT93] Fensome, R. A., F. J. R. Taylor, G. Norris, W. A. S. Sarjeant, D. I. Wharton & G. L. Williams. 1993. A classification of living and fossil dinoflagellates. Micropaleontology Special Publication 7: i–viii, 1–351.

[GE87] Gaines, G., & M. Elbrächter. 1987. Heterotrophic nutrition. In: Taylor, F. J. R. (ed.) The Biology of Dinoflagellates pp. 224–268. Blackwell Scientific.

[LO03] Lee, J. J., R. Olea, M. Cevasco, X. Pochon, M. Correia, M. Shpigel & J. Pawlowski. 2003. A marine dinoflagellate, Amphidinium eilatiensis n. sp., from the benthos of a mariculture sedimentation pond in Eilat, Israel. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 50 (6): 439–448.

[NMR-H99] Norén, F., Ø. Moestrup & A.-S. Rehnstam-Holm. 1999. Parvilucifera infectans Norén et Moestrup gen. et sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa phylum nov.): a parasitic flagellate capable of killing toxic microalgae. European Journal of Protistology 35: 233–254.

[S73] Sournia, A. 1973. Catalogue des espèces et taxons infraspécifiques de Dinoflagellés marins actuels publiés depuis la révision de J. Schiller. I. Dinoflagellés libres. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 48: 1–92.

[SW70] Steidinger, K. A., & J. Williams. 1970. Dinoflagellates. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 2: 1–251.

[TP87] Taylor, F. J. R., & U. Pollingher. 1987. Ecology of dinoflagellates. In: Taylor, F. J. R. (ed.) The Biology of Dinoflagellates pp. 398–529. Blackwell Scientific.

[T87] Trench, R. K. 1987. Dinoflagellates in non-parasitic symbioses. In: Taylor, F. J. R. (ed.) The Biology of Dinoflagellates pp. 530–570. Blackwell Scientific.