Belongs within: Asteraceae.
Contains: Erechtites, Senecio, Othonninae, Calenduleae, Gnaphalieae, Astereae, Anthemideae, Inuleae, Plucheeae, Helenieae, Coreopsideae, Chaenactis, Heliantheae, Madia, Eupatorium, Brickellia.
The Asteroideae are a major clade within the composite-flowered plants, a major characteristic of which is the presence of true ray florets in many species. About 70% of the composites belong to this clade.
Around 3000 species within the Asteroideae are placed in the tribe Senecioneae, characterised by a well-developed pappus of simple or plumose hairs, and flattened, more or less truncate style-arms (Allan 1961). The Athroismeae have disciform, usually whitish heads whose flowers bear caudate anthers and whose achenes have a pappus of a crown of twin trichomes or fused squamellae (Panero & Funk 2002). The Neurolaeneae have discoid or radiate heads that are usually arranged in paniculiform or corymbiform cymes. The Eupatorieae are a primarily New World group with discoid heads, more or less filiform styles and usually terete to clavate style branches. Tagetes, marigolds, is a genus native to the Americas bearing flower heads with fused, persisent phyllaries and yellow to orange disc florets (Hickman 1993).
Synapomorphies (www.mobot.org): Sesquiterpene lactones at biogenetic levels 3 and 4, benzopyrans, benzofurans present; ray florets common, female, disc florets with corolla shallowly lobed, perfect; anthers often ecalcarate and usually ecaudate; pollen 25.0–34.3 µm in diameter, colpus ends acute, exine 2.3–4.2 µm across, with a double tectum; style hairs often rounded, only more or less at style tip, stigmatic areas in two marginal bands; n = (4–)9–10(–19); rbcL 6bp x 4 inversion.
<==Asteroideae [Helianthoideae, Helenioideae, Inuloideae]
| i. s.: PsilostropheKJ94
| |--P. cooperiH93
| `--P. tagetinaBTA75
|--Senecioneae [Senecionideae]PF02
| | i. s.: BlennospermaT00
| | |--B. bakeriH93
| | `--B. nanumH93
| | |--B. n. var. nanumH93
| | `--B. n. var. robustumH93
| | CrassocephalumH03
| | |--C. coeruleumCV06
| | `--C. crepidioidesMH98
| | ErechtitesA61
| | Traversia Hooker 1864A61
| | `--*T. baccharoides Hooker 1864 [incl. Senecio geminatus Kirk 1899]A61
| | Brachyglottis Forster & Forster 1776A61
| | |--*B. repanda Forster & Forster 1776 (see below for synonymy)A61
| | | |--B. r. var. repandaA61
| | | |--B. r. var. arborescens (Oliver) Allan 1961 [=B. arborescens Oliver 1948]A61
| | | `--B. r. var. rangiora (Buchan.) Allan 1961 [=B. rangiora Buchan. 1882]A61
| | |--B. adamsiiW91
| | |--B. belidioidesW91
| | | |--B. b. var. bellidioidesW91
| | | `--B. b. var. crassaW91
| | `--B. buchananiW91
| | MelalemaS06
| | CulcitiumS06
| |--SenecioBR65
| `--OthonninaeBR65
`--+--+--CalenduleaePF02
| `--+--GnaphalieaePF02
| `--+--AstereaePF02
| `--AnthemideaePF02
`--+--+--InuleaePF02
| `--PlucheeaePF02
`--+--AthroismeaePF02
| |--Athroisma de Candolle 1883PF02
| |--BlepharispermumPF02
| `--LeucoblepharisPF02
`--+--HelenieaePF02
`--+--CoreopsideaePF02
`--+--+--NeurolaeneaePF02
| | |--Neurolaena lobataJ87
| | `--CaleaN10
| | |--C. dalyiG09
| | `--C. pinifolia Forster 1786 (n. d.)A61
| `--+--TagetesB00 [TageteaePF02]
| | |--T. erecta [incl. T. patula]H93
| | |--T. mendocinaBA13
| | `--T. minuta Linn. 1753S73
| `--+--ChaenactisPF02
| `--BahiaH93 [BahieaePF02]
| `--B. dissectaH93
`--+--Polymnia Linnaeus 1751 [Polymnieae, Polymniinae]PF02
| `--P. pyramidalisOB11
`--+--HeliantheaePF02
`--+--Milleria L. 1753KC01 [MillerieaePF02]
`--+--MadiaPF02
`--+--PerityleH93 [PerityleaePF02]
| |--P. emoryiH93
| |--P. inyoensis [=Laphamia inyoensis]H93
| |--P. megalocephala [=Laphamia megalocephala]H93
| | |--P. m. var. megalocephalaH93
| | `--P. m. var. oligophyllaH93
| `--P. villosa [=Laphamia villosa]H93
`--Eupatorieae [Eupatoriaceae]PF02
|--EupatoriumGJ09
|--OphryosporusN10
|--GymnocoronisS06
|--Adenostemma laveniaS06, LK14
|--Alomia [incl. Lycapsus]S06
|--SteviaS06
|--KanimiaS06
|--BrickelliaN10
|--ChromolaenaN10
| |--C. odorataN10
| `--C. squalidaW03
|--AgeratumC06
| |--A. conyzoidesMM96
| |--A. houstonianumM65
| `--A. mexicanumT-W89
|--AgeratinaN10
| |--A. adenophora [=Eupatorium adenophorum]H93
| |--A. altissimaN10
| |--A. herbacea [=Eupatorium herbaceum]H93
| |--A. occidentalis [=Eupatorium occidentale]H93
| |--A. ripariaH06
| `--A. shastensis [=Eupatorium shastense]H93
`--Mikania [incl. Willoughbya]S06
|--M. batatifoliaM83
|--M. cordataW03
|--M. cyanosmaJ87
|--M. dissectaJ87
|--M. hotteanaJ87
|--M. micranthaW03
|--M. rhomboideaJ87
|--M. scandensMM96
`--M. tripartitaJ87
*Brachyglottis repanda Forster & Forster 1776 [incl. Cineraria repanda Forster 1786; incl. Senecio (Brachyglottis) forsteri Hooker 1853, S. georgii Endl. 1836]A61
*Type species of generic name indicated
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