Belongs within: Bacillariophyceae.
Contains: Surirellaceae, Amphiprora, Diploneis, Frustulia, Anomoeoneis, Schizonema, Mastogloia, Nitzschiaceae, Striatellaceae, Micromega, Rhopalodia, Eunotia, Epithemia, Navicula, Gyrosigma, Pleurosigma, Cocconeis, Achnanthes, Achnanthidium, Gomphonema, Cymbella, Amphora, Stauroneis, Pinnularia, Caloneis.
The Bacillariophycidae are a clade of diatoms characterised by the development of a specialised motile organ, the raphe.
Characters (Adl et al. 2019): Usually solitary and motile, less often chain-forming or colonial (linked by stalks or living in mucilage tubes); valve outline almost always bipolar, frustules sometimes heterovalvar; rimoportulae usually absent; valve structure simple or chambered; pore fields sometimes present at one or both poles; raphe present (rarely infilled during valve formation); usually one or two chloroplasts per cell, positioned to avoid area beneath raphe; gametes morphologically similar, amoeboid or fusing through expansion.
<==Bacillariophycidae [Cymbellaceae, Cymbelleae, Gomphonemaceae, Naviculaceae, Naviculales, Naviculeae, Naviculineae]AB19
|--+--Eunotiaceae [Eunotiales, Eunotieae]EB93
| | |--EunotiaBM08
| | |--SemiorbisEB93
| | |--EpithemiaG64
| | `--HimantidiumG64
| | |--H. bidensG64
| | |--H. exiguumG64
| | |--H. majus [incl. H. majus var. bidens non H. bidens]G64
| | `--H. soleiroliiG64
| `--+--+--Hippodonta capitataBM08 [=Navicula viridula var. capitataC99, SG05]
| | `--+--NaviculaBM08
| | |--Pseudogomphonema kamschaticumBM08
| | `--Seminavis robustaBM08
| `--+--Haslea Simonsen 1974BM08, M89
| | | i. s.: H. nipkowiiBM08
| | |--H. crucigeraBM08
| | `--+--H. ostreariaBM08 [=Navicula fusiformis var. ostreariaC99, M01]
| | `--H. pseudostreariaBM08
| `--+--GyrosigmaBM08
| |--PleurosigmaBM08
| `--Toxonidea Donk. 1858BM08, CFW59
| |--T. falcata Donk. 1858CFW59
| |--T. gregorianaG64
| `--T. insignisG64
`--+--+--Petroneis humerosaBM08
| `--Lyrella lyraBM08, M89 [=Navicula lyra Ehrenberg 1843CFW59]
| |--L. l. var. lyraG75
| |--‘Navicula’ l. var. atlanticaG75
| |--‘Navicula’ l. var. dilatataW61b [=N. quarnerensis var. dilatata Petit 1877CFW59]
| `--‘Navicula’ l. var. rectaM01
`--+--+--Achnanthaceae [Achnanthoideae, Monoraphidineae]W61b
| | | i. s.: Campyloneis Grun. 1862W61b
| | | Anorthoneis Grunow 1867EB93, G75
| | | `--A. eurystoma Cleve 1895G75
| | | Pauliella taeniataBM08
| | |--CocconeisBM08
| | `--AchnantheaeG64
| | |--AchnanthesBM08
| | `--AchnanthidiumG64
| `--+--‘Navicula’ brockmanniiBM08
| `--+--Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin 1897BM08, GPN97
| `--+--EncyonemaBM08
| | |--E. caespitosumBM08
| | |--E. minutumBM08
| | `--E. prostratumG64
| `--+--PlaconeisBM08
| `--+--GomphonemaBM08
| `--CymbellaBM08
`--+--+--AmphoraBM08
| `--EntomoneisBM08
| |--E. alataTJ06
| `--E. tenuistriataTJ06
|--+--LuticolaBM08
| | |--L. cohniiVVZ11
| | |--L. goeppertianaBM08
| | |--L. higleriVVZ11
| | |--L. katkaeVVZ11
| | |--L. murrayi (West & West) Mann 1990SV03
| | |--L. muticopsis (van Heurck) Mann 1990SV03
| | `--L. palaearcticaSV03
| `--Neidium Pfitzer 1871BM08, W61b
| |--N. affine (Ehrenberg) Pfitzer 1871 (see below for synonymy)CFW59
| | |--N. a. var. affineCFW59
| | |--N. a. var. amphirhynchus (Ehrenberg) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula amphirhynchus Ehrenberg 1843]CFW59
| | `--N. a. var. undulatum [=Navicula affinis var. undulata]CFW59
| |--N. amphigomphus (Ehrenberg) Pfitzer 1871 [=Navicula amphigomphus Ehrenberg 1843]CFW59
| |--N. bisulcatum (Lagerstet) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula bisulcata Lagerstet 1873]CFW59
| |--N. dubium (Ehrenberg) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula dubia]CFW59
| `--N. iridis (Ehrenberg) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula iridis Ehrenberg 1843; incl. Na. firma Kützing 1844]CFW59
`--+--+--StauroneisBM08
| `--Craticula Grunow 1858BM08, BR00
| | i. s.: C. molesta (Krasske) Lange-Bertalot & Willmann 1996 [=Navicula molesta]SV03
| | C. molestiformisSV03
| | C. vixnegligendaSV03
| |--C. cuspidataBM08
| `--+--C. difficillimoidesBM08
| |--C. halophilioidesBM08
| `--C. importunaBM08
`--+--+--Mayamaea atomusBM08
| | |--M. a. var. atomusBM08
| | `--M. a. var. permitisBM08
| `--+--PinnulariaBM08
| `--CaloneisBM08
`--+--EolimnaBM08
| |--E. minimaC-SC06
| `--E. subminusculaC-SC06
`--Sellaphora Mereschkowsky 1902BM08, M89
|--*S. pupula (Kütz.) Mereschkowsky 1902M89
|--S. americana (Ehrenberg) Mann 1989 [=Navicula americana Ehrenberg 1843]M89
|--S. bacillum (Ehrenberg) Mann 1989M89 [=Navicula bacillum Ehrenberg 1843M89; incl. N. bacillarisG64]
|--S. disjuncta (Hustedt) Mann 1989 [=Navicula disjuncta Hustedt 1930]M89
|--S. laevissima (Kützing) Mann 1989M89 (see below for synonymy)
|--S. nyassensis (Müller) Mann 1989 [=Navicula nyassensis Müller 1910]M89
|--S. seminulum (Grunow) Mann 1989 [=Navicula seminulum Grunow 1860]M89
`--S. vitabunda (Hustedt) Mann 1989 [=Navicula vitabunda Hustedt 1930]M89
Bacillariophycidae incertae sedis:
PseudonitzschiaAB19
|--P. americanaOSS10
|--P. callianthaOSS10
|--P. delicatissimaOSS10
|--P. fraudulentaOSS10
|--P. multiseriesOSS10
|--P. multistriataOSS10
|--P. pungensKI02
`--P. seriataOSS10
SurirellaceaeAB19
UndatellaBM08
MeridieaeG64
|--MeridionSG05
| |--M. circulareSG05
| |--M. constrictumG64
| `--M. marinumG64
`--PodospheniaG64
|--P. cuneataG64
|--P. ehrenbergiiG64
|--P. jurgensiiG64
`--P. ovataG64
AmphiproraW61b
DiploneisW61b
Dictyoneis Cleve 1890W61a
`--D. marginata (Lewis) Cleve 1890 [=Navicula marginata Lewis 1862]W61a
FrustuliaW61b
Trachyneis Cleve 1894W61b
|--T. aspera (Ehrenberg) Cleve 1894G63 (see below for synonymy)
| |--T. a. var. asperaW61a
| |--‘Stauroneis pulchella’ var. clepsydra [=Navicula clepsydra]G64
| |--T. a. var. intermediaM01 [=Stauroneis pulchella var. intermediaG64]
| `--T. a. var. pulchella (Smith) Cleve 1894 [=Stauroneis pulchella Smith 1853]W61a
`--T. johnsoniana [=Navicula johnsoniana Grev. 1861]CFW59
AnomoeoneisW61a
Tropidoneis Cleve 1891W61b
|--T. elegansM01
|--T. lepidoptera (Greg.) Cleve 1894 (see below for synonymy)CFW59
|--T. maxima (Greg.) Cleve 1894G63
`--T. vitreaG75
SchizonemaG75
Berkeleya Greville 1827G75
`--B. rutilans [=Schizonema rutilans]G75
Gomphoneis Cleve 1894W61b
|--G. herculeanum (Ehrenberg) Cleve 1894 [=Gomphonema herculeanum Ehrenberg 1854]W61b
`--G. mamilla (Ehrenberg) Cleve 1894 [=Gomphonema mamilla Ehrenberg 1854]W61a
BerkellaEB93
BerbissoniaEB93
CapartogrammaEB93
CymatoneisEB93
DidymospheniaEB93
DimidiataEB93
FrickeaEB93
FrustulisEB93
GomphocaloniesEB93
GomphocymbellaEB93
GomphopleuraEB93
HassallEB93
KrasskellaEB93
MastogloiaEB93
OestrupiaEB93
PachyneisEB93
Plagiotropis vitreaEB93, UPS98
PseudoamphiproraEB93
RaphidodiscusEB93
Rhoicosphenia Grunow 1860EB93, W61b
|--R. curvata (Kützing) Grun. 1860 [=Gomphonema curvatum Kützing 1844]W61a
|--R. flexa Giffen 1970G75
`--R. marina [=R. curvata f. marina]G75
RouxiaEB93
ScoliopleuraEB93
Scoliotropis latestriataEB93, M01
StenoneisEB93
Amphipleura Kützing 1944CFW59, G75
|--A. inflexaG64
|--A. micans (Lyngb.) Cleve 1894 [=Bangia micans Lyngb. 1819; incl. Berkeleya adriatica Grun. 1867]CFW59
| |--A. m. var. micansCFW59
| `--A. m. var. fragilis [=Berkeleya fragilis]CFW59
|--A. pellucidaG64
|--A. rigida [incl. A. sigmoidea]G64
`--A. rutilans (Trent.) Cleve 1894G63
NitzschiaceaeBM08
Proschkinia Karayeva 1978C99
|--P. bulnheimii [=Navicula bulnheimii]C99
`--P. complanata [=Navicula complanata]C99
StriatellaceaeEB93
CocconemaG64
|--C. arcusG64
|--C. boeckii [=Doryphora boeckii]G64
|--C. cornutumG64
`--C. cymbiformeG64
DonkiniaG64
|--D. angusta [=Pleurosigma angustum]G64
|--D. didyma [=Amphiprora didyma]G64
`--D. recta [=Pleurosigma rectum]G64
|--D. r. var. rectaG64
`--D. r. var. minuta [=Pleurosigma rectum var. minutum]G64
DiadesmisG64
|--D. arcuataSV03
|--D. contenta [=Navicula contenta]SV03
|--D. gallica Smith 1857SV03
|--D. implicataSV03
|--D. perpusilla (Grunow) Mann 1990 [=Navicula gallica var. perpusilla]SV03
`--D. williamsoni [=Himantidium williamsoni]G64
DickieiaG64
|--D. pinnataG64
`--D. ulvoidesG64
ColletonemaG64
|--C. neglectumG64
|--C. subcohaerensG64
`--C. vulgareG64
MicromegaG64
RhopalodiaW61b