Category: Radiozoa

Belongs within: Radiozoa. The Arthracanthida are a group of acanthareans that have the ecto- and endoplasm separated by a thick capsule (Adl et al. 2012). Characters (from Adl et al. 2012): Thick capsule clearly demarcates pigmented endoplasm from ectoplasm; axopodia with hexagonal microtubular arrays; many nuclei in endoplasm; algal symbionts in all known species, except… Continue reading Arthracanthida

Belongs within: Sar.Contains: Arthracanthida, Spumellaria, Nassellaria, Aculearia, Sphaerellaria, Stauraxonaria, Collodaria, Archaeospicularia, Entactinaria. The Radiozoa are a clade of aquatic protists that typically bear mineralised skeletons of silica or strontium sulphate. Sticholonche zanclea Published 6 January 2010 Sticholonche zanclea is a very unusual marine protist. In the past, it has been classified among the heliozoans, a… Continue reading Radiozoa

Belongs within: Spumellaria. The Spongentactiniidae are a group of radiolarians known from the Middle Cambrian to the Permian (Afanasieva et al. 2005). Characters (from Afanasieva et al. 2005): Inner frame in shape of four- to six-rayed spicule, rays of which are connected to four to six external main spines that are three-bladed, conical, or rodlike… Continue reading Spongentactiniidae

Belongs within: Spumellaria. The Haplentactiniidae are a group of radiolarians known from the Middle Cambrian to the Early Permian, characterised by a simple initial spicule formed by the intersection of spines in a single center (Afanasieva et al. 2005). Characters (from Afanasieva et al. 2005): Latticed wall of external shell and inner frame in shape… Continue reading Haplentactiniidae

Belongs within: Spumellaria. The Spongopolyentactiniidae are a group of radiolarians known from the Middle Cambrian to the Permian (Afanasieva et al. 2005). Characters (from Afanasieva et al. 2005): Inner frame in shape of 8-, 12-, -24, or more-rayed spicule, rays of which are connected to 8, 12, 24, or more external main spines (three-bladed, conical,… Continue reading Spongopolyentactiniidae

Belongs within: Nassellaria. The Popofskyelloidea are a group of radiolarians known from the Late Devonian to the Jurassic (Afanasieva et al. 2005). Characters (from Afanasieva et al. 2005): Bilaterally-symmetrical conical segmented external skeleton. Subspherical apical segment present. Porous, lamellar external shell and inner frame in shape of spicule and two columellae. <==PopofskyelloideaAA05 |–Hexapylocapsa Dumitrica &… Continue reading Popofskyelloidea

Belongs within: Radiozoa.Contains: Popofskyelloidea, Cessipyloroidea, Pylentonemoidea, Archipilioidea, Acropyramidoidea, Lychnocanioidea, Eucyrtidioidea, Stichocapsoidea, Amphipyndacioidea, Cannobotryoidea, Triospyrididae, Acanthodesmiidae. The Nassellaria are a major group of radiolarians known from the Cambrian to the present. Members possess a heteropolar or bilaterally symmetrical skeleton comprising an inner frame and an external shell. Palaeozoic members of the Nassellaria are assigned to the… Continue reading Nassellaria

Belongs within: Nassellaria.Contains: Saitoum. The Pylentonemoidea are a group of radiolarians known from the Silurian to the Cretaceous (Afanasieva et al. 2005). Characters (from Afanasieva et al. 2005): Spheroid or cylindroid with porous, less commonly spongy wall of external shell and inner initial frame represented by spicule. External skeleton sometimes segmented into portions (“cephalis,” “thorax”);… Continue reading Pylentonemoidea

Belongs within: Nassellaria. The Cessipyloroidea are a group of radiolarians known from the Middle Ordovician to the Middle Triassic. They are characterised by a spherical test with a porous or spongy wall in the external shell and an inner frame in the shape of a hollow sphere or isometric polyhedron (Afanasieva et al. 2005). <==CessipyloroideaAA05… Continue reading Cessipyloroidea