Belongs within: Fabidae.
Contains: Celastraceae.
The Celastrales are an order of flowering plants primarily supported by molecular data. Members include the Holarctic genus Parnassia, grass of Parnassus, an inhabitant of wet and/or open locations with basal, ovate leaves and solitary flowers borne on an erect stalk (Hickman 1993). The Stackhousiaceae are an Australasian family of herbs with ribbed branches and alternate, simple leaves (Barker 1984).
Characters (Angiosperm Phylogeny Website): Vessel elements with simple perforation plates; tension wood absent; mucilage cells; stipules present; inflorescence cymose; flowers small; calyx quincuncial; micropyle bistomal; chloroplast infA gene present.
<==Celastrales [Celastranae, Celastriflorae]
| i. s.: Lepuropetalon [Lepuropetalaceae]T00
|--LepidobotryaceaeWM09
| |--Ruptiliocarpon caracolitoWM09
| `--LepidobotrysXR12
`--+--Parnassia [Parnassiaceae, Parnassiales, Parnassioideae]XR12
| |--P. asarifoliaEBS98
| |--P. californica [=P. palustris var. californica]H93
| |--P. chinensisO88
| |--P. cirrataH93
| |--P. fimbriataH93
| |--P. kumaonicaO88
| |--P. nubicolaO88
| |--P. palustrisWM09
| |--P. parviflora [=P. palustris var. parviflora]H93
| `--P. pusillaO88
`--+--CelastraceaeXR12
`--+--Siphonodon Griffith 1844XR12, J84 [Siphonodontaceae]
| |--*S. celastrinus Griffith 1844J84
| |--S. australis Benth. 1863J84
| |--S. membranaceus Bailey 1899J84
| `--S. pendulus Bailey 1891J84
`--+--Denhamia Meissner 1837 (nom. cons.)XR12, J84
| |--*D. obscura (Rich.) Meissner ex Walp. 1842 (see below for synonymy)J84
| |--D. celastroides (Muell.) Jessup 1984 [=Leucocarpum celastroides Muell. 1868]J84
| |--D. moorei Jessup 1984J84
| |--D. oleaster (Lindley) Muell. 1859 (see below for synonymy)J84
| |--D. parvifolia Smith 1956J84
| |--D. pittosporoides Muell. 1859 [=Leucocarpum pittosporoides (Muell.) Muell. 1868]J84
| | |--D. p. ssp. pittosporoidesJ84
| | `--D. p. ssp. angustifolia Jessup 1984J84
| `--D. viridissima Bailey & Muell. ex Bailey 1889J84
`--Stackhousiaceae [Stackhousieae]T00
|--Macgregoria Muell. 1874B84 [MacgregorioideaeT00]
| `--*M. racemigera Muell. 1874B84
`--StackhousioideaeT00
|--Tripterococcus Endl. 1837T00, B84
| `--*T. brunonis Endl. 1837 (see below for synonymy)B84
`--Stackhousia Smith 1798XR12, A61 [incl. Plokiostigma Schuch. 1854B84]
|--*S. viminea Smith 1816 (see below for synonymy)B84
|--S. annua Barker 1977 non S. brunonis var. annua Pampan. 1905B84
|--S. clementii Domin 1927B84
|--S. dielsii Pampan. 1905B84
|--S. intermedia Bailey 1898B84 (see below for synonymy)
|--S. megaloptera Muell. 1873B84
|--S. minima Hooker 1852 [incl. S. uniflora Colenso 1886]A61
|--S. monogyna Labill. 1804 (see below for synonymy)B84
|--S. muricata Lindley 1836 (see below for synonymy)B84
|--S. nuda Lindley 1836B84
|--S. pulvinaris Muell. 1855 (see below for synonymy)B84
|--S. scoparia Benth. 1863B84
|--S. spathulata Sieber ex Sprengel 1827 (see below for synonymy)B84
`--S. umbellata Gardner & George 1963B84
*Denhamia obscura (Rich.) Meissner ex Walp. 1842 [=Leucocarpum obscurum Rich. in Dumont d’Urville 1834, D. leucocarpum Steudel 1841 (nom. illeg.); incl. D. xanthosperma Muell. 1859]J84
Denhamia oleaster (Lindley) Muell. 1859 [=Melicytus oleaster Lindley in Mitchell 1848, Leucocarpum oleaster (Lindley) Muell. 1868; incl. Denhamia heterophylla Muell. 1859]J84
Stackhousia intermedia Bailey 1898B84 [=S. intermedia f. genuina Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) nec S. aspericocca f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. brunonis f. genuina Pampan. 1905B84; incl. S. aphylla Pampan. 1905B84, S. virgata var. elegans Pampan. 1905B84, S. tenuissima var. ramosa Steen. 1927B81, S. tenuissima Pampan. 1906B84, S. virgata var. typica Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) nec S. brunonis var. typica Pampan. 1905 nec S. maidenii var. typica Pampan. 1905 nec S. muricata var. typica Pampan. 1905 nec S. pulvinaris var. typica Pampan. 1905B84, S. virgata Pampan. 1905B84]
Stackhousia monogyna Labill. 1804 [incl. S. aspericocca Schuch. 1854, S. dietrichiae Domin 1927, S. pubescens f. elatior Pampan. 1905, S. maidenii var. flexuosa Pampan. 1905, S. aspericocca f. genuina Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.), S. pubescens f. genuina Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) nec S. aspericocca f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. brunonis f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. intermedia f. genuina Pampan. 1905, S. georgei Diels 1904, S. giuratii Pampan. 1905, S. gunnii Schldl. 1847, S. gunniana, S. gunnii Hook. 1855 non Schldl. 1847, S. huegelii Endl. 1837, S. aspericocca f. incrassata Pampan. 1905, *Plokiostigma lehmannii Schuch. 1854, S. pubescens f. leiococca Schuch. 1854, S. linariifolia Cunn. in Field 1825, S. monogyna var. linariifolia (Cunn.) Benth. in DC. 1864, S. maidenii Pampan. 1905, S. muelleri Schuch. 1854, S. monogyna var. muelleri (Schuch.) Pampan. 1905, S. obtusa Lindley 1836, S. monogyna var. obtusa (Lindley) Pampan. 1905, S. pubescens Rich. 1834, S. tryonii Bailey 1906, S. maidenii var. typica Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) non S. brunonis var. typica Pampan. 1905]B84
Stackhousia muricata Lindley 1836 [=S. muricata var. typica Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) nec S. brunonis var. typica Pampan. 1905 nec S. maidenii var. typica Pampan. 1905; incl. S. elata Muell. 1862, S. viminea f. elata (Muell.) Pampan. 1905, S. viminea var. elata (Muell.) Benth. 1863, S. muricata var. linarioides Pampan. 1905, S. viminea var. micrantha Benth. 1863, S. micrantha (Benth.) Pampan. 1905, S. viminea var. occidentalis Benth. in DC. 1864, S. viminea f. occidentalis (Benth.) Pampan. 1905, S. occidentalis Domin 1923 non S. viminea var. occidentalis Benth. in DC. 1864]B84
Stackhousia pulvinaris Muell. 1855 [=S. pulvinaris var. typica f. genuina Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) nec S. aspericocca f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. brunonis f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. intermedia f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. pubescens f. genuina Pampan. 1905, S. pulvinaris var. typica Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) nec S. brunonis var. typica Pampan. 1905 nec S. maidenii var. typica Pampan. 1905 nec S. muricata var. typica Pampan. 1905; incl. S. pulvinaris var. typica f. intermedia Pampan. 1905 non S. intermedia Bailey 1898]B84
Stackhousia spathulata Sieber ex Sprengel 1827 [=S. spathulata f. genuina Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) nec S. aspericocca f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. brunonis f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. intermedia f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. pubescens f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. pulvinaris var. typica f. genuina Pampan. 1905; incl. S. maculata Hook. 1840, S. spathulata f. maculata (Hook.) Pampan. 1905, S. spathulata f. obcordata Pampan. 1905, Tripterococcus spathulatus Muell. 1855 non S. spathulata Sieber ex Sprengel 1827]B84
*Stackhousia viminea Smith 1816 [=S. viminea f. genuina Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) nec S. aspericocca f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. brunonis f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. intermedia f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. pubescens f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. pulvinaris var. typica f. genuina Pampan. 1905 nec S. spathulata f. genuina Pampan. 1905; incl. S. dorypetala Schuch. 1854, S. flava Hook. 1840, S. viminea f. flava (Hook.) Pampan. 1905]B84
*Tripterococcus brunonis Endl. 1837 [=Stackhousia brunonis (Endl.) Benth. 1863, S. brunonis f. genuina Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.) non S. aspericocca f. genuina Pampan. 1905, S. brunonis var. typica Pampan. 1905 (nom. illeg.); incl. S. brunonis var. annua Pampan. 1905, Tripterococcus brachystigma Schuch. 1854, T. junceus Bunge in Lehm. 1845, T. simplex Bunge in Lehm. 1845, Stackhousia brunonis f. simplex (Bunge) Pampan. 1905]B84
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).
[B81] Barker, W. R. 1981. Stackhousiaceae. In: Henty, E. E. (ed.) Handbooks of the Flora of Papua New Guinea vol. 2 pp. 255–257. Melbourne University Press.
[B84] Barker, W. R. 1984. Stackhousiaceae. In: George, A. S. (eds) Flora of Australia vol. 22. Rhizophorales to Celastrales pp. 186–199. Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.
[EBS98] Elliott, K. J., L. R. Boring & W. T. Swank. 1998. Changes in vegetation structure and diversity after grass-to-forest succession in a southern Appalachian watershed. American Midland Naturalist 140: 219–232.
[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).
[J84] Jessup, L. W. 1984. Celastraceae. In: George, A. S. (eds) Flora of Australia vol. 22. Rhizophorales to Celastrales pp. 150–180. Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.
[O88] Ohba, H. 1988. The alpine flora of the Nepal Himalayas: an introductory note. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 19–46.
[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.
[WM09] Wang, H., M. J. Moore, P. S. Soltis, C. D. Bell, S. F. Brockington, R. Alexandre, C. C. Davis, M. Latvis, S. R. Manchester & D. E. Soltis. 2009. Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106 (10): 3853–3858.
[XR12] Xi, Z., B. R. Ruhfel, H. Schaefer, A. M. Amorim, M. Sugumaran, K. J. Wurdack, P. K. Endress, M. L. Matthews, P. F. Stevens, S. Mathews & C. C. Davis. 2012. Phylogenomics and a posteriori data partitioning resolve the Cretaceous angiosperm radiation Malpighiales. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 109 (43): 17519–17524.