Belongs within: Neognathae.
Contains: Graculavidae, Burhinidae, Charadriidae, Recurvirostridae, Haematopus, Lari, Turnicidae, Scolopacidae, Jacanidae.
The Charadriiformes include the wading birds and related species. Members of the Charadriiformes are united by the anatomy of the palate and syrinx. They have eleven or ten primaries, a tufted oil gland and a small aftershaft on the body feathers. The majority of Charadriiformes are coastal or otherwise associated with water, though there are notable exceptions. For example, the seedsnipe of the Thinocoridae are superficially partridge-like herbivorous birds found in alpine and steppe regions of South America. Molecular data supports their relationship with the plains-wanderer Pedionomus torquatus, a quail-like bird found in Australian grasslands.
The sheathbills of the genus Chionis are white, superficially dove-like birds found in the Antarctic region that are scavengers around seal and penguin colonies. They may be related to the Magellanic plover Pluvianellus socialis, a small grey plover found in southernmost South America.
<==Charadriiformes [Charadriomorphae, Charadrioidea, Limicolae, Scolopacides, Turnices]
|--Charadrii [Charadriides, Charadriinae]JT12
| | i. s.: HiaticulaS41
| | |--H. bifasciataF43
| | `--H. nigrifronsR87
| |--+--BurhinidaeBKB15
| | `--+--Pluvianellus Gray 1846BKB15, B94 [Pluvianellidae, Pluvianellinae]
| | | `--P. socialisBKB15
| | `--Chionis Forster 1788BKB15, B94 [Chionidae, Chionidides, Chionidoidea]
| | |--C. albusBKB15
| | `--C. minor Hartlaub 1841PB96
| | |--C. m. minorPB96
| | `--C. m. nasicornis Reichenow 1904PB96
| `--+--Pluvianus Vieillot 1816BKB15, B94 [Pluvianidae, Pluvianinae]
| | `--P. aegyptius (Linnaeus 1758) [incl. Charadrius melanocephalus Gmelin 1789]St05
| `--+--+--CharadriidaeBKB15
| | `--+--RecurvirostridaeKF-V21
| | `--+--HaematopusKF-V21
| | `--Ibidorhyncha Vigors 1830-1831KF-V21, B94 [Ibidorhynchidae, Ibidorhynchinae]
| | `--I. struthersiiBKB15
| `--Pluvialis Brisson 1760BKB15, CC10 [incl. Squatarola Cuvier 1816CC10; Pluvialinae]
| | i. s.: ‘Squatarola’ urvillii [incl. S. cincta, Charadrius rubecola]F43
| |--P. squatarola (Linnaeus 1758)BKB15, CC10 (see below for synonymy)
| `--+--P. dominica (Statius Müller 1776)BKB15, CC10 (see below for synonymy)
| `--+--P. apricaria (Linnaeus 1758)BKB15, CC10 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--P. a. apricariaM03
| | |--P. a. altifronsM03
| | `--‘Charadrius apricarius’ oreophilus Meinertzhagen 1921PB96
| `--P. fulva (Gmelin 1789)BKB15, CC10 (see below for synonymy)
`--+--+--LariJT12
| `--+--TurnicidaeBKB15
| `--TurnipacidaeM05
| |--Cerestenia Mayr 2000M05
| | `--*C. pulchrapenna Mayr 2000M02
| `--Turnipax Mayr 2000M05
| |--*T. dissipata Mayr 2000M02
| `--T. oechslerorum Mayr & Knopf 2007M09
`--ScolopaciJT12
| i. s.: Paractitis bairdi Weigel 1963M09
|--ScolopacidaeBKB15
`--+--ParraeLZ07
| |--JacanidaeBKB15
| `--Rostratulidae [Rhynchaeidae]BKB15
| |--Nycticryphes semicollarisBKB15
| `--Rostratula Vieillot 1816CC10 [incl. Rhynchaea Cuvier 1817B94]
| |--*R. benghalensis (Linnaeus 1758) [=Rallus benghalensis]CC10
| |--R. australis (Gould 1838)JT12, CC10 (see below for synonymy)
| |--‘Rhynchaea’ capensisS66
| |--R. minator Olson & Eller 1989B93
| |--R. pulia Mlíkovský 1999M02
| `--R. semicollarisJT12 [=Rhynchaea semicollarisF43]
`--+--Pedionomus Gould 1841BKB15, B94 [Pedionomae, Pedionomidae]
| |--P. microurus Gould 1842G42
| `--P. torquatusBKB15
`--Thinocoridae [Thinocoroidea]BKB15
|--Attagis Geoffroy St.-Hilaire & Lesson 1830 [Attagidae]B94
| |--A. gayiBKB15
| `--A. malouinusBKB15
`--Thinocorus Eschscholtz 1829B94
|--T. koepckeae Campbell 1979U93
|--T. orbignyianusBKB15
`--T. rumicivorus Eschscholtz 1829U93
Charadriiformes incertae sedis:
Rhegminornis [Rhegminornithidae]FP64
`--R. calobatesFP64
Villetus Harrison & Walker 1976M05
|--*V. grandis Harrison & Walker 1976M02
`--V. waltoni Harrison & Walker 1976M02
Stephanibyx coronatusRN72
Lonchodytes [Lonchodytidae]OF80
|--L. estesi Brodkorb 1963U93
`--L. pterygius Brodkorb 1963U93
GraculavidaeU93
Pluvialis apricaria (Linnaeus 1758)BKB15, CC10 [=Charadrius apricariusCC10, incl. C. auratus Fischer & v. Pelzeln 1886Sc05, C. pluvialis Linnaeus 1766CC10, *Pluvialis pluvialisCC10]
Pluvialis dominica (Statius Müller 1776)BKB15, CC10 [=Charadrius dominicusCC10, P. dominicanus (l. c.)CC10, P. dominicusCC10; incl. Charadrius fulvus americanus Seebohm 1888Sc05]
Pluvialis fulva (Gmelin 1789)BKB15, CC10 [=Charadrius fulvusCC10, C. dominicus fulvusSc05, Luvialis (l. c.) dominicus fulvusCC10, P. dominica fulvaCC10, P. dominicus fulvusCC10; incl. C. virginianus Jardine & Selby 1830CC10, C. virginicus Lichtenstein 1823CC10, C. xanthocheilus Wagler 1827CC10]
Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus 1758)BKB15, CC10 [=Tringa squatarolaCC10, Charadrius squatarolaCC10, *Squatarola squatarolaCC10; incl. S. griseaF17, Tringa helvetica Linnaeus 1766CC10, Charadrius helveticusSc05, Squatarola helveticaCC10]
Rostratula australis (Gould 1838)JT12, CC10 [=Rhynchaea australisWS48, Ro. benghalensis australisWS48; incl. Ro. australis fitzroyi Mathews 1912WS48]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
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