Belongs within: Productida.
Contains: Chonetes.
The Chonetidae are a Devonian family of brachiopods typically bearing numerous oblique spines along the hinge line (Racheboeuf 2000).
Characters (Racheboeuf 2000): Shell small to large, usually transverse, planoconvex to variably concavoconvex; shell surface smooth to costate; radial ornamentation sometimes restricted to posteromedian part of shell; concentric undulating fila sometimes present; spines commonly oblique, often numerous, high-angled to parallel to hinge line, symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged; ventral valve interior with well-developed, often transversely elongate, longitudinally striate hinge teeth; long, thin myophragm dividing large, variably impressed muscle field; vascula media weak or indistinct; dorsal valve interior with cardinal process anteriorly bounded by cardinal process pit, or elevated above valve floor, or supported by median septum; cardinal process laterally flanked by commonly short, narrow, posteriorly bent inner socket ridges; median septum variably developed, sometimes reduced to breviseptum; pair of spinose or bladelike accessory septa may be developed; anderidia usually weakly divergent anteriorly.
<==Chonetidae
|--RetichonetinaeR00
| |--Retichonetes Muir-Wood 1962M-WW65
| | |--*R. armatus (Bouchard-Chantereaux in de Verneuil 1845) [=Chonetes armatus]M-WW65
| | `--R. minuta (Schnur 1853)F81
| `--Austronoplia Isaacson 1977R00
| `--*A. stuebeli (Ulrich 1893) [=Chonetes stuebeli]R00
|--ChonetinaeR00
| |--ChonetesM-WW65
| |--Boicinetes Havlíček & Racheboeuf 1979 [=Chalimochonetes Baranov 1980]R00
| | `--*B. bohemicus (Barrande 1879) [=Chonetes bohemicus, *Chalimochonetes bohemicus]R00
| `--Plebejochonetes Boucot & Harper 1968R00
| |--*P. plebeja (Schnur 1854) [=Chonetes plebeja]R00
| `--P. semiradiatusR00
|--NotiochonetinaeR00
| |--Notiochonetes Muir-Wood 1962M-WW65 [NotiochonetinaeR00]
| | `--*N. skottsbergi (Clarke 1913) [=Chonetes skottsbergi]M-WW65
| |--Allanetes Boucot & Johnson 1967R00
| | `--*A. neozelanica Boucot & Johnson 1967R00
| |--Prachetes Bizzarro 1995R00
| | `--*P. condori (Racheboeuf 1992) [=Pleurochonetes condori]R00
| `--Pleurochonetes Isaacson 1977 [=Gamonetes Isaacson 1977]R00
| |--*P. lauriata (Isaacson 1977) [=Chonetes (*Pleurochonetes) lauriata, *Gamonetes lauriata]R00
| |--P. anteloiR00
| `--P. falklandicusR00
|--DagnachonetinaeR00
| |--Dagnachonetes Afanas’eva 1978R00
| | `--*D. caucasius Afanas’eva 1978R00
| |--Frankiella Racheboeuf 1983 nec Speschnew 1900 (ICBN) nec Maire & Tison 1909 (ICBN)R00
| | `--*F. drewitzi Racheboeuf 1983R00
| |--Mamutinetes Havlíček 1990R00
| | `--*M. latipleura Havlíček 1990R00
| |--Nurochonetes Ushatinskaya 1977R00
| | `--*N. akkultukensis (Ushatinskaya 1977) [=Chonetes akkultukensis]R00
| |--Pradochonetes Pardo & Garcia-Alcalde 1984R00
| | `--*P. muelleri Pardo & Garcia-Alcalde 1984R00
| |--Luanquella Garcia-Alcalde & Racheboeuf 1978R00
| | |--*L. cantabriensis Garcia-Alcalde & Racheboeuf 1978F00
| | `--L. alcaldei (Racheboeuf 1981) [=Dagnachonetes (Luanquella) alcaldei]HB93
| |--Rhyssochonetes Johnson 1970 [=Cedulia Racheboeuf 1979]R00
| | |--*R. solox Johnson 1970 [=R. aurora solox, *Cedulia solox]R00
| | `--R. auroraZBB12
| `--Sinochonetes Wang, Boucot & Rong 1981R00
| |--*S. minutisulcatus (Hou & Xian 1975)M03 [=*Chonetes minutisulcatusR00]
| `--S. wangi Racheboeuf 1987M03
`--DevonochonetinaeRG04
|--Aseptonetes Isaacson 1977R00
| `--*A. boucoti Isaacson 1977R00
|--Hallinetes Racheboeuf & Feldman 1990R00
| `--*H. lineatus (Conrad 1839) [=Strophomena lineata]R00
|--Huananochonetes Wang, Boucot & Rong 1981R00
| `--*H. ovalis (Hou & Xian 1975) [=Parachonetes ovalis]R00
|--Montsenetes Racheboeuf 1992R00
| `--*M. notius (Benedetto 1984) [=Devonochonetes notius]R00
|--Striatochonetes Mikrjukov 1968R00
| `--*S. setigera (Hall 1843) [=Strophomena setigera]R00
|--Xinjiangochonetes Xu 1991R00
| `--*X. pygmaeus Xu 1991R00
|--Longispina Cooper 1942RG04
| |--*L. emmetensis (Winchell 1866) [=Chonetes emmetensis]RG04
| |--L. mailleuxiMB12
| `--L. mucronataRG04
`--Devonochonetes Muir-Wood 1962RG04
|--*D. coronatus (Hall 1857)RG04 (see below for synonymy)
|--D. postremus Mergl & Massa 1992RG04
`--D. salemi Mergl & Massa 1992RG04
*Devonochonetes coronatus (Hall 1857)RG04 [=Chonetes coronatusRG04; incl. Strophomena carinata Conrad 1842 non Conrad 1839M-WW65, Devonochonetes carinatusM-WW65]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[F81] Farsan, N. M. 1981. Middle Devonian (Givetian) tentaculites from west Afghanistan. Palaeontographica Abteilung A: Paläozoologie—Stratigraphie 175: 89–105.
[HB93] Harper, D. A. T., C. H. C. Brunton, L. R. M. Cocks, P. Copper, E. N. Doyle, A. L. Jeffrey, E. F. Owen, M. A. Parkes, L. E. Popov & C. D. Prosser. 1993. Brachiopoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 427–462. Chapman & Hall: London.
[MB12] Mistiaen, B., D. Brice, M. K. Zapalski & C. Loones. 2012. Brachiopods and their auloporid epibionts in the Devonian of Boulonnais (France): comparison with other associations globally. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 159–188. Springer.
[M03] Modzalevskaya, T. L. 2003. Silurian and Devonian brachiopods from Severnaya Zemlya (Russian Arctic). Geodiversitas 25 (1): 73–107.
[M-WW65] Muir-Wood, H., & A. Williams. 1965. Strophomenida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt H. Brachiopoda vol. 1 pp. H361–H521. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas Press: Lawrence (Kansas).
[R00] Racheboeuf, P. R. 2000. Chonetidina. In: Kaesler, R. L. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt H. Brachiopoda, Revised vol. 2. Linguliformea, Craniiformea, and Rhynchonelliformea (part) pp. 362–423. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).
[RG04] Racheboeuf, P. R., R. Gourvennec, M. Deynoux & D. Brice. 2004. The Devonian of the Hodh area (Islamic Republic of Mauritania): paleontology and stratigraphy. Journal of Paleontology 78 (1): 98–110.
[ZBB12] Zambito, J. J., IV, C. E. Brett & G. C. Baird. 2012. The Late Middle Devonian (Givetian) global Taghanic biocrisis in its type area (northern Appalachian Basin): geologically rapid faunal transitions driven by global and local environmental changes. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 677–703. Springer.