Belongs within: Coccinelloidea.
Contains: Microweiseini, Telsimiini, Scymnillini, Noviini, Epilachna, Coccidulini, Sticholotidini, Chilocorini, Coccinellini.
The Coccinellidae include the ladybirds, mostly predatory beetles that feed on aphids and other plant-sucking insects (though some, such as Epilachna, are phytophagous). Though best known from brightly coloured species, many (if not most) coccinellids are not so colorful. Most species have a compact, rounded habitus and postcoxal lines on the first abdominal ventrite (Vandenberg 2002).
The subfamily Microweiseinae includes minute coccinellids with antennal insertions close together between the eyes, and the antennae short and clubbed with at most ten segments. The Carinodulini are flightless beetles with a relatively elongate habitus. Species of the genus Carinodulina have eleven-segmented antennae and three-segmented tarsi (Bouchard 2014).
The remaining coccinellids were classified by Ślipiński (2007) in a single subfamily Coccinellinae which is less clearly supported morphologically. The phytophagous Epilachnini have a pubescent dorsum and mandibles with a multidenticulate apex (Vandenberg 2002).
Characters (Vandenberg 2002): Body form usually compact, rounded, with convex dorsum and flattened venter, clubbed antennae, and postcoxal line present on first abdominal ventrite (occasionally absent). Tarsal formula usually 4-4-4 with third tarsomere minute and tucked within broad triangular second (cryptotetramerous or pseudotrimerous), occasionally tarsomeres more equal (true tetramerous) or reduced to 3-3-3 (true trimerous).
<==Coccinellidae [Clanini, Coelopterini, Epilachnidae, Securipalpes, Sticholotidinae, Sticholotini]
|--Microweiseinae [Scotoscymninae]S07
| |--MicroweiseiniRS15
| `--CarinoduliniRS15
| |--CarinodulinkaRS15
| `--CarinodulinaB14
| |--C. burakowskii Ślipiński & Jadwiszczak 1995B14
| `--C. ruwenzoriiB14
`--Coccinellinae [Aphidiphages, Chilocorinae, Coccidulinae, Coccinelliti, Gymnosomides, Scymniens, Scymnini, Trichosomides]S07
| i. s.: PromecopharusS07
| BoschalisS07
| TelsimiiniS07
| ScymnilliniS07
| NeocalviaV02
|--MonocorynaRS15
`--+--NoviiniRS15
`--+--+--+--+--Cephaloscymnus Crotch 1873RS15, V02 [Cephaloscymnini]
| | | `--TelsiminaRS15
| | `--+--CryptogonusRS15
| | `--Aspidimerus [Aspidimerini]RS15
| `--+--CynegetiniRS15
| `--Epilachnini [Epilachniens, Epilachninae]S07
| |--EpilachnaRS15
| `--Subcoccinella Huber 1842V02
| `--S. vigintiquatuorpunctataV02
`--+--CocciduliniRS15
`--+--Cryptognathini [Cryptognathaires, Oeneini, Oeniini, Pentiliaires]V02
| |--Cryptognatha Mulsant 1850RS15, V02
| | `--C. nodicepsV02
| `--Pentilia Muls. 1851FS90
| `--P. egena Muls. 1851 [incl. P. aeruginosa, P. viridis]FS90
`--+--+--PlotininiRS15
| `--SticholotidiniRS15
`--+--ChilocoriniRS15
`--CoccinelliniRS15
Coccinellidae incertae sedis:
Lasia vigintiquatuorpunctataC01
LioadaliaS07
|--L. flavomaculataS07
`--L. intermedia Crotch 1874G01
Anisolemnia tetrastictaS07
ErratodiomusS07
DysisG01
|--D. marshalli Gorham 1901G01
|--D. orientalis Weise 1900G01
`--D. rufocincta Gorham 1901G01
ChilomenesG01
|--C. geisha Gorham 1901G01
|--C. lunataG01
|--C. picticollis Gorham 1901G01
|--C. quadrilineata [=Cydonia quadrilineata]G01
`--C. weisei Gorham 1901G01
ChnootribaG01
|--C. assimilisG01
`--C. similis [=Coccinella similis]G01
Aulis annexaG01
CyrtaulisG01
|--C. sellata Gorham 1901G01
|--C. sexpustulata Gorham 1901G01
`--C. tristis Gorham 1901G01
Lotis bipunctiger Gorham 1901G01
TetrabrachinaeRD77
CoelopterusP92
Neda Muls. 1851FS90
|--N. delauneyi Fleutiaux & Sallé 1890FS90
|--N. sanguinea Linné 1763 (see below for synonymy)FS90
`--N. viridulaFS90
Azia Muls. 1851FS90
`--A. ardosiaca Muls. 1853FS90
Lithophilus connatusV02, LC40 [incl. L. ruficollisLC40]
OrtalistesV02
ChilochrusR26
|--C. lunatusR26
|--C. olivaeR26
`--C. quinquepustulatusR26
Neda sanguinea Linné 1763 [incl. N. cicura, N. immaculata, M. sanguinea var. minor, N. munda, N. polonica, N. steini]FS90
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature’s gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).
[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.
[FS90] Fleutiaux, E., & A. Sallé. 1890. Liste des coléoptères de la Guadeloupe et descriptions d’espèces nouvelles. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6e série 9: 351–484.
[G01] Gorham, H. S. 1901. Descriptions of genera and species of Coleoptera from South Africa (continued). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 401–415.
[LC40] Laporte de Castelnau, F. 1840. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Coléoptères vol. 2. P. Duménil: Paris.
[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.
[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms’ General Textbook of Entomology 10th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.
[R26] Risso, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l’Europe méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes vol. 5. F.-G. Levrault: Paris.
[RS15] Robertson, J. A., A. Ślipiński, M. Moulton, F. W. Shockley, A. Giorgi, N. P. Lord, D. D. McKenna, W. Tomaszewska, J. Forrester, K. B. Miller, M. F. Whiting & J. V. McHugh. 2015. Phylogeny and classification of Cucujoidea and the recognition of a new superfamily Coccinelloidea (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia). Systematic Entomology 40: 745–778.
[S07] Ślipiński, A. 2007. Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Their biology and classification. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.
[V02] Vandenberg, N. J. 2002. Coccinellidae Latreille 1807. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr, M. C. Thomas, P. E. Skelley & J. H. Frank (eds) American Beetles vol. 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea pp. 371–389. CRC Press.