Belongs within: Lecanoromycetidae.
The Collematineae are a clade of mostly cyanobacterium-associated lichenised fungi. Most species of Collematineae have gelatinous or homoiomerous fruiting bodies. The asci have a diffuse amyloid cap-like structure in the tholus of Pannariaceae whereas this structure is tube-like in Placynthiaceae and Collemataceae (Miadlikowska & Lutzoni 2004).
Characters (Miadlikowska & Lutzoni 2004): Lichen-forming ascomycetes. Mostly bipartite with cyanobacteria, rarely tripartite. Thalli non- or gelatinous, squamulose, foliose, or subfruticose, rarely crustose; homoiomerous or heteromerous. Cortex present on both sides of the thallus or lower side ecorticated and sometimes with dark prothallus. Vegetative propagules (soredia, isidia, or phyllidia) common. Apothecia immersed or sessile; lecideine, biatorine, or lecanorine. Paraphyses simple or branched, sometimes strongly gelatinous. Ascospores aseptate, one- to multiseptate, or muriform, colorless. Asci with an amyloid external wall layer, I+ blue. Secondary substances uncommon or absent.
<==Collematineae
|--+--Placynthiaceae [Lecotheciaceae]ML04
| | |--Hertella Henssen 1985KC01
| | |--Koerberia Massal. 1854 [incl. Tingiopsidium Werner 1939]KC01
| | |--Leptochidium Choisy 1952KC01
| | |--Placynthiopsis Zahlbr. 1932KC01
| | |--Polychidium (Ach.) Gray 1821 (see below for synonymy)KC01
| | |--Vestergrenopsis Gyeln. 1940KC01
| | `--Placynthium (Ach.) Gray 1821 (see below for synonymy)KC01
| | `--P. nigrumML04
| `--CollemataceaeML04
| |--Homothecium Massal. 1853 [incl. Lecidocollema Vain. 1890]KC01
| |--Leciophysma Fr. 1865KC01
| |--Leightoniella Henssen 1965KC01
| |--Ramalodium Nyl. 1879KC01
| |--Staurolemma Körb. 1867EB03, KC01
| |--Physma Massal. 1854 [=Physmatomyces Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas. 1953 non Rehm 1900; incl. Dichodium Nyl. 1888]KC01
| | `--P. byrsaeum [=Parmelia byrsaea]G94
| |--Collema Wigg. 1780 (nom. cons.) (see below for synonymy)KC01
| | |--C. cristatumM09
| | |--C. flaccidumML04
| | |--C. fluviatileKC01
| | |--C. fuscovirensM09
| | `--C. tenaxM09
| `--Leptogium (Ach.) Gray 1821 (see below for synonymy)KC01
| |--L. azureumJ87
| |--L. cyanescensML04
| |--L. gelatinosumML04
| |--‘Hypocrea’ leptogiicola Cooke & Massee 1890 (see below for synonymy)RS99
| `--L. lichenoidesM09
`--PannariaceaeML04
|--Fuscoderma (Galloway & Jørg.) Jørg. & Galloway 1989KC01
|--Fuscopannaria Jørg. 1994KC01
|--Psoromidium Stirt. 1877 [incl. Psoromaria Nyl. ex Hue 1891]KC01
|--Santessoniella Henssen 1997KC01
|--Siphulastrum Müll. Arg. 1889ML04, KC01
|--Hosseusia Gyeln. 1940KC01
|--Hueella Zahlbr. 1926KC01
|--Leioderma Nyl. 1888KC01
|--Triclinum Fée 1925KC01
|--Degelia Arv. & Galloway 1981KC01
| `--D. gayana [=Parmelia gayana]G94
|--Erioderma Fée 1825 [incl. Malmella Dodge 1933]KC01
| `--E. leylandii [incl. Cetraria eriophylla]G94
|--Moelleropsis Gyeln. 1939KC01
| `--M. humidaML04
|--Parmeliella Müll. Arg. 1862KC01
| |--P. atlanticaRS99
| |--P. mariana [=Parmelia mariana]G94
| `--P. nigrocincta [=Parmelia nigrocincta]G94
|--Pannaria Delise ex Bory 1828 (see below for synonymy)KC01
| |--P. conoplea [=Parmelia conoplea]G94
| |--P. erythrocarpa [incl. Parmelia sandwichiana]BS-V28
| |--P. fulvescens [=Parmelia fulvescens]G94
| `--P. lurida [incl. Parmelia moelkenboerii]G94
`--Psoroma Ach. ex Michx. 1803 [=Psoromatomyces Cif. & Tomas. 1953; incl. Phloeopannaria Zahlbr. 1941]KC01
|--P. asperellum [incl. Parmelia imbricata]G94
|--P. hypnorumML04
| |--P. h. var. hypnorumG94
| `--P. h. var. paleaceum [=Parmelia paleacea]G94
`--P. sphinctrinum [=Parmelia sphinctrina]G94
Collema Wigg. 1780 (nom. cons.) [=Collematomyces Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas. 1953, Collemis Clem. 1931; incl. Blennothallia Trevis. 1853, Chiastosporum Dughi 1956 (nom. inv.), Collemodes Fink 1918, Collemodiopsis (Vain.) de Lesd. 1910, Dicollema Clem. 1909, Eucollema (Cromb.) Horw. 1912, Gabura Adans. 1763, Kolman Adans. 1763 (nom. rej.), Lathagrium (Ach.) Gray 1821, Lepidocollema Vain. 1890, Lethagrium Massal. 1853, Rostania Trevis. 1880, Synechoblastus Trevis. 1853, Tichodea Körb. 1848]KC01
‘Hypocrea’ leptogiicola Cooke & Massee 1890 [=Broomella leptogiicola (Cooke & Massee) Saccardo 1891, B. lichenicola (l. c.), *Pericoccis leptogiicola (Cooke & Massee) Clements in Clements & Shear 1931]RS99
Leptogium (Ach.) Gray 1821 [=Colleptogium Choisy 1962; incl. Collemodium Nyl. 1878, Enchylium Gray 1821, Epidrolithus Raf. 1836, Homodium Nyl. ex Olivier 1903, Lemniscium Wallr. 1827, Leptogiomyces Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas. 1953, Leptogiopsis Trevis. 1880, Leptojum Beltr. 1858, Mallotium (Ach.) Gray 1821, Myxopuntia Mont. 1846, Pericoccis Clements 1931, Pseudoleptogium Müll. Arg. 1885, Scytenium Gray 1821, Stephanophorus Flot. 1843 non Strickland 1841 (ICZN)]KC01
Pannaria Delise ex Bory 1828 [incl. Amphinomium Nyl. 1888, Lepidogium Clem. & Shear 1931, Lepidoleptogium Sm. 1922, Trachyderma Norman 1853 nec Phillips 1848 (ICZN) nec Latreille 1829 (ICZN)]KC01
Placynthium (Ach.) Gray 1821 [=Placynthiomyces Cif. & Tomas. 1953; incl. Antarctomia Linds. 1975, Anziella Gyeln. 1940, Calkinsia Nieuwl. 1916, Callolechia Kremp. 1869, Collolechia Massal. 1854, Lecothecium Trevis. 1851, Lecozonia Trevis. 1857, Llanolichen Tomas. & Cif. 1952, Llanomyces Cif. & Tomas. 1953, Pannularia Nyl. 1886, Panomycetes Nyl. 1886, Pterygium Nyl. 1854, Racoblenna Massal. 1852, Wilmsia Körb. 1865]KC01
Polychidium (Ach.) Gray 1821 [incl. Garovaglia Trevis. 1853 non Endl. 1836, Garovaglina Trevis. 1880, Leptodendriscum Vain. 1890, Leptogidiomyces Cif. & Tomas. 1953, Leptogidium Nyl. 1873, Pilonema Nyl. 1860, Pseudoleptogium Jatta 1900 non Müll. Arg. 1885, Wilsonia Cheel & Dugh 1944 (nom. inv.) nec Br. 1810 nec Bonaparte 1838 (ICZN) nec Hudleston 1896 (ICZN) nec Hong 2002 (ICZN)]KC01
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[BS-V28] Bory de Saint-Vincent, J. B. 1828. Voyage Autour du Monde, Exécuté par Ordre du Roi, Sur la Corvette de Sa Majesté, La Coquille, pendant les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. Botanique. Cryptogamie. Arthus Bertrand: Paris.
[EB03] Eriksson, O. E., H. O. Barah, R. S. Currah, K. Hansen, C. P. Kurtzman, G. Rambold & T. Laessøe (eds.) 2003. Outline of Ascomycota—2003. Myconet 9: 1–89.
[G94] Grgurinovic, C. (ed.) 1994. Flora of Australia vol. 55. Lichens—Lecanorales 2, Parmeliaceae. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.
[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.
[KC01] Kirk, P. M., P. F. Cannon, J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi 9th ed. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).
[M09] Marstaller, R. 2009. Die Moosgesellschaften des geplanten Naturschutzgebietes “Brandenburg und Göringer Stein” bei Göringen (Wartburgkreis, Eisenach). 136. Beitrag zur Moosvegetation Thüringens. Mauritiana 20 (3): 529–557.
[ML04] Miadlikowska, J., & F. Lutzoni. 2004. Phylogenetic classification of peltigeralean fungi (Peltigerales, Ascomycota) based on ribosomal RNA small and large subunits. American Journal of Botany 91 (3): 449–464.
[RS99] Rossman, A. Y., G. J. Samuels, C. T. Rogerson & R. Lowen. 1999. Genera of Bionectriaceae, Hypocreaceae and Nectriaceae (Hypocreales, Ascomycetes). Studies in Mycology 42: 1–248.