Belongs within: Congroidei.
Contains: Ophichthidae, Congrinae, Bathymyrinae.
The Congroidea are a group of marine eels marked by a forward inclination of the hyomandibular.
<==Congroidea
|--+--MuraenesocidaeB-RW17
| | |--CynopticusS99c
| | |--Oxyconger leptognathus (Bleeker 1858)S99c
| | |--Sauromuraenesox voraxS99c
| | |--CongresoxS99c
| | | |--C. talabon (Cuvier 1829)S99c
| | | `--C. talabonoides (Bleeker 1853)S99c
| | `--MuraenesoxM58
| | |--M. arabicus (Bloch & Schneider 1801)M58 [=Muraena arabicaM58; incl. Congrus hamoJR10]
| | |--M. bagio (Hamilton 1822)S99c
| | |--M. cinereus (Forsskål 1775)S99c
| | |--M. cymbium Stinton 1966P93
| | `--M. talabonNM72
| `--+--OphichthidaeB-RW17
| `--Heterocongridae [Heterocongrinae]NE12
| |--GorgasiaS99e
| | |--G. barnesi Robison & Lancraft 1984S99e
| | |--G. maculata Klausewitz & Eibl-Eibesfeldt 1959S99e
| | |--G. neocepaea Böhlke 1951S99e
| | |--G. preclara Böhlke & Randall 1981S99e
| | `--G. taiwanensisIM04
| `--HeterocongerNE12
| |--H. chapmani (Herre 1923)S99e
| |--H. cobra Böhlke & Randall 1981S99e
| |--H. hassi (Klausewitz & Eibl-Eibesfeldt 1959)S99e
| |--H. lentiginosus Böhlke & Randall 1981S99e
| |--H. perissodon Böhlke & Randall 1981S99e
| |--H. polyzona Bleeker 1868S99e
| `--H. taylori Castle & Randall 1995S99e
`--Congridae [Leptocephalidae, Macrocephenchelyidae]B-RW17
| i. s.: Congrellus neoguinaicus (Bleeker 1859) [=Conger neoguinaicus]M58
| Brachyconger platyrhynchus Norman 1922M58
| HildebrandiaC60
| LeptocephalusM58
| |--L. brevicaudus Peters 1868 [=L. (Diaphanichthys) brevicaudus]JR10
| |--L. congerF16
| |--L. labiatusG75
| |--L. manokwariensis Giltay 1933M58
| |--L. myriasterD56
| |--L. schmidtii Weber 1913M58
| `--L. taenia Lesson 1830M58
| Paraconger Kanazawa 1961K61
| |--*P. caudilimbatus (Poey 1867) (see below for synonymy)K61
| |--P. californiensis Kanazawa 1961K61
| |--P. guianensis Kanazawa 1961K61
| |--P. harringtonensis (Mowbray 1931) [=Leptocephalus harringtonensis]K61
| |--P. macrops (Günther 1870) [=Conger macrops]K61
| `--P. notialis Kanazawa 1961K61
| Voltaconger Blot 1978B80
| `--V. latispinus (Agassiz 1833–1844) (see below for synonymy)B80
| Bolcyrus Blot 1978B80
| |--B. bajai Blot 1978B80
| `--B. formosissimus (Agassiz 1833–1844) (see below for synonymy)B80
| Paracongroides Blot 1978B80
| `--P. heckeli Blot 1978B80
|--CongrinaeS99e
`--BathymyrinaeS99e
Congroidea incertae sedis:
PatavichthyidaeP93
|--Patavichthys Blot 1980B80
| `--*P. bolcensis (Bassani 1898)B80, P93 [=Nettastoma bolcenseB80]
`--Proserrivomer mecquenemi Arambourg 1967P93
Derichthyidae [Colocongridae, Nessorhamphidae]IM01
|--Derichthys serpentinus Gill 1884TS02a
|--NessorhamphusTS02a
| |--N. danae Schmidt 1931S99b
| `--N. ingolfianus (Schmidt 1912)TS02a
`--ColocongerC60
|--C. japonicus Machida 1984S99a
|--C. raniceps Alcock 1889S99a
`--C. scholesi Chan 1967S99a
NettastomatidaeIM01
|--Nettenchelys gephyra Castle & Smith 1981S99f
|--Hoplunnis ariejansseni Nolf 1988P93
|--FacciolellaS99f
|--Saurenchelys fierasterS99f, IM04
|--Venefica multiporosa Karrer 1982S99f
`--NettastomaIM01
|--N. parvicepsIM01
`--N. solitarium Castle & Smith 1981S99f
Bolcyrus formosissimus (Agassiz 1833–1844) [=Sphagebranchus formosissimus, Eomyrus formosissimus; incl. E. biperaristatus Cadrobbi 1962, E. (Pareomyrus) humilipinnis Cadrobbi 1962, Anguilla interspinalis Agassiz 1833–1844 (n. n.), Protoanguilla leptoptera Cadrobbi 1962, Eomyrus multiaristatus Cadrobbi 1962]B80
*Paraconger caudilimbatus (Poey 1867) [=Echelus caudilimbatus, Conger caudilimbatus, Leptocephalus caudilimbatus, Ophiosoma caudilimbatus; incl. Conger caudicula Bean in Goode & Bean 1882]K61
Voltaconger latispinus (Agassiz 1833–1844) [=Anguilla latispinus, Eomyrus latispinus; incl. E. platyspinus Cadrobbi 1962]B80
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B-RW17] Betancur-R, R., E. O. Wiley, G. Arratia, A. Acero, N. Bailly, M. Miya, G. Lecointre & G. Ortí. 2017. Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 17: 162.
[B80] Blot, J. 1980. La faune ichthyologique des gisements du Monte Bolca (Province de Vérone, Italie). Catalogue systématique présentant l’état actuel des recherches concernant cette faune. Bulletin du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle C 2: 339–396.
[C60] Castle, P. H. J. 1960. Two eels of the genus Pseudoxenomystax from New Zealand waters. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 88 (3): 463–472.
[D56] Dawes, B. 1956. The Trematoda with special reference to British and other European forms. University Press: Cambridge.
[F16] Fowler, H. W. 1916. The fishes of Trinidad, Grenada, and St. Lucia, British West Indies. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 67 (3): 520–548.
[G75] Grant, E. M. 1975. Guide to Fishes. The Co-ordinator-General’s Department: Brisbane (Australia).
[IM01] Inoue, J. G., M. Miya, K. Tsukamoto & M. Nishida. 2001. Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Conger myriaster (Teleostei: Anguilliformes): novel gene order for vertebrate mitochondrial genomes and the phylogenetic implications for anguilliform families. Journal of Molecular Evolution 52: 311–320.
[IM04] Inoue, J. G., M. Miya, K. Tsukamoto & M. Nishida. 2004. Mitogenomic evidence for the monophyly of elopomorph fishes (Teleostei) and the evolutionary origin of the leptocephalus larva. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32: 274–286.
[JR10] Jordan, D. S., & R. E. Richardson. 1910. Check-list of the species of fishes known from the Philippine archipelago. Bureau of Printing: Manila.
[K61] Kanazawa, R. H. 1961. Paraconger, a new genus with three new species of eels (family Congridae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 113 (3450): 1–14.
[M58] Munro, I. S. R. 1958. The fishes of the New Guinea region: A check-list of the fishes of New Guinea incorporating records of species collected by the Fisheries Survey Vessel “Fairwind” during the years 1948 to 1950. Papua and New Guinea Agricultural Journal 10 (4): 97–369 (reprinted: 1958. Territory of Papua and New Guinea Fisheries Bulletin no. 1).
[MN72] Nair, R. V., & S. L. Mohan. 1972. The deep sea spined dog fish Centrophorus armatus (Gilchrist) (Selachii: Sualidae) from the east coast of India, with a note on its taxonomy. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (1): 193–199.
[NE12] Near, T. J., R. I. Eytan, A. Dornburg, K. L. Kuhn, J. A. Moore, M. P. Davis, P. C. Wainwright, M. Friedman & W. L. Smith. 2012. Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 109 (34): 13698–13703.
[P93] Patterson, C. 1993. Osteichthyes: Teleostei. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 621–656. Chapman & Hall: London.
[S99a] Smith, D. G. 1999a. Colocongridae. Colocongrids. In: Carpenter, K. E., & V. H. Niem (eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae) pp. 1670. FAO: Rome.
[S99b] Smith, D. G. 1999b. Derichthyidae. Longneck eels. In: Carpenter, K. E., & V. H. Niem (eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae) pp. 1671–1672. FAO: Rome.
[S99c] Smith, D. G. 1999c. Muraenesocidae. Pike congers. In: Carpenter, K. E., & V. H. Niem (eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae) pp. 1673–1677. FAO: Rome.
[S99d] Smith, D. G. 1999d. Congridae. Conger eels. In: Carpenter, K. E., & V. H. Niem (eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae) pp. 1680–1687. FAO: Rome.
[S99e] Smith, D. G. 1999e. Nettastomatidae. Duckbill eels. In: Carpenter, K. E., & V. H. Niem (eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae) pp. 1688–1690. FAO: Rome.
[TS02] Tighe, K. A., & D. G. Smith. 2002. Longneck eels. Family Derichthyidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3rd ed. pp. 98–100. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.