Coryphoideae

Belongs within: Arecaceae.
Contains: Licuala.

The Coryphoideae are a group of palms whose members often have palmate or costapalmate, induplicate leaves and/or apocarpous flowers. The date palm Phoenix dactylifera is widely cultivated for its edible fruits. The immature seeds of the toddy palm Borassus flabellifer are also widely eaten. The European fan palm Chamaerops humilis, native to the western Mediterranean, is one of the most northerly growing palm species and consequently a popular ornamental.

<==Coryphoideae
    |--BorasseaeHB09
    |    |--HyphaeninaeHB09
    |    `--LataniinaeHB09
    |         |--Borassus flabelliferHB09, KJ05
    |         `--LataniaBP60
    |              |--L. borbonicaC90
    |              |--L. doddigesiiBP60
    |              `--L. vershaffeltiiB00b
    `--CorypheaeBBB03
         |  i. s.: GuihaiaBBB03
         |         KerriodoxaBBB03
         `--LivistoninaeBBB03
              |--LicualaSDK-L03
              |--Johannesteijsmannia altifronsSDK-L03, P88
              `--LivistonaB12
                   |--L. alfrediiMLP09
                   |--L. australis (Brown) von Martius 1838HE80 [=Corypha australisB78]
                   |--L. benthamiiB00a
                   |--L. chinensisA80b
                   |    |--L. c. var. chinensisA80b
                   |    |--L. c. var. boninensisA80a
                   |    `--L. c. var. subglobosaA80b
                   |--L. cochinchinensisRC02
                   |--L. decipiensB00a
                   |--L. drudeiB00a
                   |--L. eastoniiLK14
                   |--L. humilis [incl. L. leichhardtii]B78
                   |--L. inermisB78
                   |--L. kingiiRC02
                   |--L. lorophyllaB12
                   |--L. mariaeB00a
                   |--L. merrilliiB00b
                   |--L. muelleriB00a
                   |--L. nasmophilaB12
                   |--L. nitidaB00a
                   |--L. rotundifoliaB00b
                   `--L. saribusB00b

Coryphoideae incertae sedis:
  Chamaerops humilisZ03, R-CT01
  CoperniciaZ03
    |--C. albaF11
    |--C. australisF11
    |--C. ceriferaT-W89
    `--C. pruniferaB00b
  ChuniophoenixZ03
  PhoenixZ03
    |--P. acaulisMi72
    |--P. canariensis Chabaud 1882HE80
    |--P. dactyliferaF11
    |--P. fariniferaMa72
    |--P. humilisK72
    |--P. loureiriiB00b
    |--P. reclinataDS04
    |--P. roebeleniiB00b
    |--P. rupicolaB00b
    |--P. sylvestrisKJ05
    `--P. theophrastiD81
  MedemiaZ03
  SatranaliaZ03
  ThrinaxF11 [ThrinacinaeSDK-L03]
    |--T. excelsaB00b
    |--T. parvifloraA02
    `--T. radiataF11

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[A02] Anderson, R. S. 2002. Curculionidae Latreille 1802. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr, M. C. Thomas, P. E. Skelley & J. H. Frank (eds) American Beetles vol. 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea pp. 722–815. CRC Press.

[A80a] Aoki, J. 1980a. A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. I. The families Phthiracaridae and Oribotritiidae. Bulletin of the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Yokohama National University 6 (2): 1–89.

[A80b] Aoki, J. 1980b. A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. III. Families Protoplophoridae, Archoplophoridae and Mesoplophoridae. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 18: 5–16.

[BP60] Baker, E. W., & A. E. Pritchard. 1960. The tetranychoid mites of Africa. Hilgardia 29 (11): 455–574.

[BBB03] Barfod, A. S., T. Burholt & F. Borchsenius. 2003. Contrasting pollination modes in three species of Licuala (Arecaceae: Coryphoideae). Telopea 10 (1): 207–223.

[B78] Bentham, G. 1878. Flora Australiensis: A description of the plants of the Australian Territory vol. 7. Roxburghiaceae to Filices. L. Reeve & Co.: London.

[B00a] Braby, M. F. 2000a. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 1. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[B00b] Braby, M. F. 2000b. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 2. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[B12] Braby, M. F. 2012. The butterflies of El Questro Wilderness Park, with remarks on the taxonomy of the Kimberley fauna, Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (2): 161–175.

[C90] Caracciolo, M. 1890. Détails complémentaires sur les métamorphoses de lépidoptères de Trinidad. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6^e série 9: clxxviii.

[DS04] Davis, J. I., D. W. Stevenson, G. Petersen, O. Seberg, L. M. Campbell, J. V. Freudenstein, D. H. Goldman, C. R. Hardy, F. A. Michelangeli, M. P. Simmons, C. D. Specht, F. Vergara-Silva & M. Gandolfo. 2004. A phylogeny of the monocots, as inferred from rbcL and atpA sequence variation, and a comparison of methods for calculating jackknife and bootstrap values. Systematic Botany 29 (3): 467–510.

[D81] Day, D. 1981. The Doomsday Book of Animals: A unique natural history of three hundred vanished species. Ebury Press: London.

[F11] Fraga, R. M. 2011. Family Icteridae (New World blackbirds). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 684–807. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[HE80] Healy, A. J., & E. Edgar. 1980. Flora of New Zealand vol. 3. Adventive cyperaceous, petalous and spathaceous monocotyledons. P. D. Hasselberg, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[HB09] Heatubun, C. D., W. J. Baker, J. P. Mogea, M. M. Harley, S. S. Tjitrosoedirdjo & J. Dransfield. 2009. A monograph of Cyrtostachys (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 67–94.

[KJ05] Katewa, S. S., A. Jain, B. L. Chaudhary & P. Galav. 2005. Some unreported medicinal uses of plants from the tribal area of Southern Rajasthan. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 47: 121–130.

[K72] Krishnan, M. 1972. An ecological survey of the larger mammals of peninsular India (continued). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (2): 297–351.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[Ma72] Mathew, D. N. 1972. The ecology of the baya in Rajampet, Cuddapah Dt., A.P. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (1): 188–191.

[MLP09] McKenzie, N. L., S. van Leeuwen & A. M. Pinder. 2009. Introduction to the Pilbara Biodiversity Survey, 2002–2007. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 78 (1): 3–89.

[Mi72] Mitra, S. N. 1972. Observations on the vegetation of the Upper Damodar catchment area. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (1): 17–25.

[P88] Polunin, I. 1988. Plants and Flowers of Malaysia. Times Editions: Singapore.

[R-CT01] Ragusa-di Chiara, S., & H. Tsolakis. 2001. Phytoseiid faunas of natural and agricultural ecosystems in Sicily. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 522–529. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

[RC02] Ridley, H. N., & C. Curtis. 1902. Malay plant names. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 38: 39–122.

[SDK-L03] Saw, L. G., J. Dransfield & D. M. Keith-Lucas. 2003. Morphological diversity of the genus Licuala (Palmae). Telopea 10 (1): 187–206.

[T-W89] Tenison-Woods, J. E. 1889. On the vegetation of Malaysia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 4 (1): 9–106, pls 1–9.

[Z03] Zona, S. 2003. Endosperm condition and the paradox of Ptychococcus paradoxus. Telopea 10 (1): 179–185.