Belongs within: Caridea.
The Crangonoidea are a group of shrimps uniting Glyphocrangon and the Crangonidae. They are distinguished by having the first pair of pereopods prehensile (Glyphocrangon) or subchelate (Crangonidae). A strong toothed rostrum is present in Glyphocrangon but the rostrum is usually small in Crangonidae. Within Crangonidae, the second pereopods are commonly chelate though they are simple in the genera Prionocrangon, Sabinea and Vercoia, and absent in Paracrangon (Dardeau & Heard 1983).
The secret of Bubba-Gump’s success
Published 31 October 2007
The Great Biological Survey has a long tradition in taxonomy. A collection of researchers and their associates travel to a far-off exotic location* where they spend their time greedily grabbing specimens of everything they can possibly find, before heading back home where the fruits of their labours are sorted, preserved and (hopefully) identified to give an extensive view of the biodiversity of the area surveyed.
*Well, not necessarily that far-off or that exotic. But it can be, and probably a lot more students are drawn in by the prospect of trips to central Africa or the depths of the Amazon than the small patch of remnant bush in the local council park.
Biological surveys are alive and well: a current project to recreate the Beagle voyage of Charles Darwin plans to run one on the way (though [a] they’re talking about DNA barcoding, a concept that rather raises my hackles, and [b] hopefully the captain doesn’t shoot himself this time around). Marine biology in particular has a proud history of surveying expeditions, with such examples as the Challenger to look back to.
The “Hourglass” survey began in Western Florida in 1965 and lasted for 28 months, during which samples were taken at regular intervals from stations on the continental shelf of west Florida. Results from this survey were published in a series called Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises that came to my attention after I picked up a pile of issues of it that had been put into the “free to a good home” pile at the university library. Together, the various articles provide fairly good coverage of the marine fauna of the northern Gulf of Mexico. The Dardeau & Heard (1983) issue is typical in that it not only covers the Hourglass specimens, but takes the opportunity to review the entire Gulf of Mexico fauna (seeing as only one species of Crangonidae, Pontophilus gorei, actually turned up in the Hourglass survey, it could have been a very short paper otherwise). The one aspect that caught my eye was the description of the new species Pontocaris vicina. This species does not seem to be uncommon if the distribution records listed by Dardeau & Heard are to be believed, but had previously not been recognised as distinct from Pontocaris caribbaea. According to Dardeau & Heard, “The two species must have similar but not identical ecological requirements; although taken in successive trawl hauls, they were never taken together in the same haul”.
Systematics of Crangonoidea
<==Crangonoidea |--GlyphocrangonMG-H11 [GlyphocrangonidaeMD01] | |--G. confusa Komai 2004MG-H11 | |--G. lineata Komai 2004MG-H11 | |--G. longirostrisM85 | |--G. perplexa Komai 2004MG-H11 | |--G. sculptaM85 | `--G. sibogae De Man 1918MG-H11 `--CrangonidaeDH83 |--Paracrangon Dana 1852DH83 |--Vercoia Baker 1904DH83 |--Lissocrangon Kuris & Carlton 1977DH83 |--Notocrangon Coutière 1900DH83 |--Rhynocrangon Zarenkov 1965DH83 |--Neocrangon Zarenkov 1965DH83 |--Mesocrangon Zarenkov 1965DH83 |--Lissosabinea lynseyae Taylor & Collins 2009MG-H11 |--Parapontophilus junceus (Bate 1888)MG-H11 |--Philoceras incisus (Kemp 1916)MG-H11 |--Argis Krøyer 1842 [incl. Nectocrangon Brandt 1851]DH83 | `--A. dentata (Rathbun 1902)DH83 |--Prionocrangon Wood-Mason & Alcock 1891DH83 | `--P. pectinata Faxon 1896DH83 |--Sclerocrangon Sars 1883DH83 | |--S. agassiziiS00 | |--S. boreas (Phipps 1774)DH83 | |--S. ferox (Sars 1876) [=Cheraphilus ferox]S00 | `--S. salebrosus [=Crangon salebrosus]S00 |--AegaeonMG-H11 | |--A. cataphractus (Olivi 1792)KK03 | `--A. lacazei (Gourret 1887)MG-H11 |--ParapontocarisMG-H11 | |--P. aspera Chace 1984MG-H11 | `--P. levigata Chace 1984MG-H11 |--Metacrangon Zarenkov 1965DH83 | `--M. jacquetiDH83 | |--M. j. jacquetiDH83 | `--M. j. agassizii (Smith 1882)DH83 |--Sabinea Ross 1835DH83 | |--S. hystrix (Milne Edwards 1881)DH83 | |--S. indica DeMan 1918DH83 | |--S. sarsii Smith 1879DH83 | |--S. septemcarinata (Sabine 1824)DH83 [=Crangon septemcarinatusS00; incl. Myto gaimardiiS00] | `--S. tridentata Pequegnat 1970DH83 |--Pontocaris Bate 1888DH83 | |--P. caribbaea (Boone 1927) [=Aegeon caribbaeus]DH83 | |--P. cataphractaPP64 | |--P. lacazeiPP64 | |--P. pennata Bate 1888MG-H11 | |--P. propensalata Bate 1888MG-H11 | `--P. vicina Dardeau & Heard 1983DH83 |--Crangon Fabricius 1798DH83 | |--C. affinis De Haan 1849HM03 | |--C. allmanniM85 | |--C. crangon (Linnaeus 1758)HM03 | |--C. fasciatus Risso 1826R26 | |--C. rubropunctatus Risso 1826R26 | |--C. franciscorum Stimpson 1856HM03 | |--C. septemspinosa Say 1818DH83 | |--C. uritai Hayashi & Kim 1999HM03 | `--C. vulgarisCS77 `--Pontophilus Leach 1817 [incl. Philocheras Stebbing 1900]DH83 |--P. abyssi Smith 1884DH83 |--P. australisHS01 |--‘Philocheras’ bispinosus (Hailstone 1835)KK03 |--P. brevirostris Smith 1881DH83 |--P. challengeri Ortmann 1893 [=P. gracilis Bate 1888 non Smith 1882]DH83 |--P. echinulatusPP64 |--‘Philocheras’ fasciatus (Risso 1816)KK03 |--P. gorei Dardeau 1980DH83 |--P. gracilis Smith 1882 [incl. P. occidentalis var. indica DeMan 1918, P. indicus]DH83 |--‘Philocheras’ monacanthus (Holthuis 1961)KK03 |--P. norvegicus (Sars 1861)DH83 |--P. pristisR26 |--‘Philocheras’ sculptus (Bell 1847)KK03 |--P. spinosus (Leach 1815)KK03 |--P. talismani Crosnier & Forest 1973DH83 `--P. trispinosus (Hailstone 1835)PP64, KK03 [=Philocheras trispinosusKK03]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[CS77] Cramp, S., & K. E. L. Simmons (eds) 1977. Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa: The Birds of the Western Palaearctic vol. 1. Ostrich to Ducks. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
[DH83] Dardeau, M. R., & R. W. Heard Jr. 1983. Crangonid shrimps (Crustacea: Caridea), with a description of a new species of Pontocaris. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 6 (2): 1–39.
[HM03] Hanamura, Y., & M. Matsuoka. 2003. Feeding habits of the sand shrimp, Crangon uritai Hayashi & Kim, 1999, in the central Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Crustaceana 76 (8): 1017–1024.
[HS01] Hayward, B. W., A. B. Stephenson, M. S. Morley, W. M. Blom, H. R. Grenfell, F. J. Brook, J. L. Riley, F. Thompson & J. J. Hayward. 2001. Marine biota of Parengarenga Harbour, Northland, New Zealand. Records of the Auckland Museum 37: 45–80.
[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.
[M85] Markham, J. C. 1985. A review of the bopyrid isopods infesting caridean shrimps in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, with special reference to those collected during the Hourglass Cruises in the Gulf of Mexico. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 7 (3): 1–156.
[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.
[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.
[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d’Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.
[R26] Risso, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l’Europe méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes vol. 5. F.-G. Levrault: Paris.
[S00] Stebbing, T. R. R. 1900. Arctic Crustacea: Bruce collection. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 5: 1–16.