Belongs within: Coccoidea.
Contains: Melanaspis, Pseudoparlatoria, Lepidosaphidini, Diaspidini, Parlatoriini, Aspidiotus.
The Diaspididae, armoured scales, are a diverse group of scale insects covered by a wax-like, fibrous scale formed from pygidial secretions, anal excreta and the exuviae of previous instars (Carver et al. 1991). Takagi (2002) recognised three subfamilies within the Diaspididae with the genus Ulucoccus differing from most other diaspidids in the lack of appendages on the pygidium of the adult female except for minute gland spines. Diaspidinae possess gland spines on the pygidial margin together with pectinae and/or pore prominences whereas Aspidiotinae possess trullae and/or pectinae but no gland spines. Thysanaspis lacks trullae and perivulvar pores have the septa ridged, not produced (Takagi 2002).
Characters (from Carver et al. 1991): Adult female legless, without antennae; fourth and following segments of abdomen usually fused to form pygidium, marginally bearing complex of tubular ducts, marginal spines, plates and gland spines; operculum absent. Scale incorporating exuviae of first and second instars, adult female sometimes remaining enclosed within exuviae of second instar.
<==Diaspididae
|--Ulucoccus Takagi, Tho & Khoo 1990 [Ulucoccinae]T02
| |--U. danumensisT02
| `--U. gombakensisT02
|--DiaspidinaeT02
| |--LepidosaphidiniT02
| `--DiaspidiniT02
`--AspidiotinaeT02
|--ParlatoriiniT02
|--Odonaspis [Odonaspidini]T02
| |--O. arcusnotata Ben-Dov 1988T02
| |--O. benardiM96
| |--O. graminisM96
| |--O. litorosaM96
| `--O. ruthaeM96
|--Thysanaspis Ferris 1955 [Thysanaspidini]T02
| |--*T. acalyptus Ferris 1955T02
| |--T. litseae Takagi 1961T02
| `--T. perkinsi Takagi 1969T02
|--Smilacicola Takagi 1969 [Smilacicolini]T02
| |--*S. apicalis Takagi 1969T02
| |--S. crenatus Takagi 1983T02
| `--S. heimi (Balachowsky 1947) [=Rugaspidiotus heimi]T02
|--LeucaspidiniT02
| |--Leucaspis cordylinidisM27
| |--LopholeucaspisT02
| | |--L. cockerelliM96
| | `--L. japonica (Cockerell 1897)T02
| `--Mongrovaspis Bodenheimer 1951T02
| `--*M. quadrispinosa (Green 1934) [=Leucaspis quadrispinosa]T02
`--AspidiotusT02
Diaspididae incertae sedis:
Lapazia Ferris 1937OK06
`--L. obtectaM96
PinnaspisM96
|--P. aspidistraeM96
|--P. buxiM96
`--P. strachaniMHG04
AonidiellaGE05
|--A. aurantiiS07 [=Aspidiotus aurantiiD37]
|--A. citrinaCGW91
`--A. orientalisM96
Xanthophthalma concinnumM96
SalicicolaT02
|--S. kermanensis (Lindinger 1906)T02
`--S. vayssierei Balachowsky 1928T02
MelanaspisKU07
PseudaulacaspisS07
|--P. cockerelliM96
`--P. pentagonaS07
ChrysomphalusS07
|--C. aonidumCGW91
|--C. aurantiiK08
|--C. bifasciculatusM96
|--C. dictyospermi [incl. C. dictyospermi var. pinnulifera]K08
`--C. ficusWEE70
UnaspisS07
|--U. citriS07
`--U. euonymiM96
QuadraspidiotusCGW91
|--Q. forbesiM96
|--Q. juglansregiaeM96
|--Q. lenticularisCGW91
|--Q. ostreaeformisCGW91
|--Q. perniciosusCGW91
`--Q. pyriCGW91
Berlesaspis spiniferaCGW91
Maskellia globosaCGW91
AbgrallaspisM96
|--A. cyanophylliM96
|--A. flabellataM96
|--A. fraxiniM96
|--A. howardiM96
`--A. townsendiM96
AcutaspisM96
|--A. agavisM96
|--A. albopictaM96
|--A. alienaM96
|--A. decorosaM96
|--A. perseaeM96
|--A. reniformisM96
|--A. rhizophoraeM96
|--A. scutiformisM96
`--A. tingiM96
AncepaspisM96
|--A. novemdentataM96
|--A. quadridentataM96
`--A. tridentataM96
Annulaspis singularisM96
AonidomytilusM96
|--A. albusM96
|--A. concolorM96
|--A. insulanusM96
`--A. peninsularisM96
Aspidiella sacchariM96
Carulaspis minimaM96
Chortinaspis subchortinaM96
CirculaspisM96
|--C. bibursellaM96
`--C. fistulataM96
ClavaspisM96
|--C. coursetiaeM96
|--C. covilleaeM96
|--C. herculeanaM96
|--C. pedilanthiM96
|--C. subsimilisM96
`--C. texanaM96
Comstockiella sabalisM96
CrassaspisM96
|--C. maculataM96
`--C. multiporaM96
Crenulaspidiotus maurellaeM96
DactylaspisM96
|--D. acutaM96
|--D. calcarataM96
|--D. dactyliferaM96
|--D. flaccidaM96
`--D. serratilobaM96
DiaspidiotusM96
|--D. aesculiM96
|--D. alniW91
|--D. ancylusM96
|--D. bumeliaeM96
|--D. coniferarumM96
|--D. crescentiaeM96
`--D. osborniM96
DuplaspidiotusM96
|--D. fossorM96
`--D. tesseratusM96
EpidiaspisM96
|--E. baccharidisM96
|--E. leperiiM96
|--E. michoacanaM96
|--E. montanaM96
|--E. peragrataM96
`--E. persimilisM96
Exuviaspis enceliaeM96
FerrisideaM96
|--F. dentilobaM96
|--F. magnaM96
`--F. prosopidisM96
Furcaspis biformisM96
HaliaspisM96
|--H. distichliiM96
`--H. milleriM96
Helaspis mexicanaM96
HemiberlesiaM96
|--H. candidulaM96
|--H. cupressiM96
|--H. diffinisM96
|--H. lataniaeM96
|--H. palmaeM96
|--H. popularumM96
`--H. rapaxM96
Ischnaspis Douglas 1887M96, EH09
`--I. longirostrisM96
Lindingaspis rossiM96
Manacaspis piriformisM96
MorganellaM96
|--M. cueroensisM96
`--M. longispinaM96
MycetaspisM96
|--M. apicataM96
|--M. defectopalusM96
|--M. personataM96
`--M. sphaerioidesM96
MytilaspisM96
|--M. cordylinidisG29
|--M. fulvaA99
`--M. mexicanaM96
Nicholiella digitataM96
NiveaspisM96
|--N. argentataM96
|--N. cattleyaeM96
|--N. fenestrataM96
`--N. townsendianaM96
NuculaspisM96
|--N. apachecaM96
`--N. californicaM96
OpuntiaspisM96
|--O. carinataM96
|--O. javanensisM96
`--O. philococcusM96
Pseudaonidia trilobitiformisM96
PseudischnaspisM96
|--P. acephalaM96
`--P. bowreyiM96
Pseudodiaspis elaphriiM96
PseudoparlatoriaM96
Quernaspis quercusM96
Rhizaspidiotus dearnessiM96
RugaspidiotinusM96
|--R. circumdatusM96
`--R. fuscitatisM96
RugaspidiotusM96
|--R. arizonicusM96
`--R. sculpturatusM96
Scytalaspis quadriclavataM96
SelenaspidopsisM96
|--S. browniM96
`--S. mexicanaM96
Selenaspidus articulatusM96
SitulaspisM96
|--S. ruelliaeM96
`--S. yuccaeM96
Stramenaspis kelloggiM96
VelataspisM96
|--V. anasteriasM96
`--V. mimosarumM96
VinculaspisM96
|--V. laniataM96
`--V. virgataM96
Xerophilaspis prosopidisM96
AulacaspisS07
|--A. difficilisS07
|--A. rosaeK08
|--A. tegalensisS07
`--A. tubercularisS07
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
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[K08] Kirkaldy, G. W. 1908. A catalogue of the Hemiptera of Fiji. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 33: 345–391, pl. 4.
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[M96] Miller, D. R. 1996. Checklist of the scale insects (Coccoidea: Homoptera) of Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (1): 68–86.
[M27] Myers, J. G. 1927. On the nomenclature of New Zealand Homoptera. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 685–690.
[OK06] Özdikmen, H., & A. B. Kury. 2006. Three homonymous generic names in Araneae and Opiliones. Journal of Arachnology 34 (1): 279–280.
[S07] Ślipiński, A. 2007. Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Their biology and classification. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.
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