Echinocystitoida

Belongs within: Echinozoa.

The Echinocystitoida are an assemblage of Palaeozoic echinoids, known from the Ordovician to the Permian, with strongly imbricate plates (Kier 1966).

Characters (Kier 1966): Plates strongly imbricate, ambulacral plates bevel under interambulacra, imbricate adorally, interambulacral plates imbricate adapically; interambulacra reaching peristome; genital plates; no perignathic girdle.

<==Echinocystitoida
    |  i. s.: Devonocidaris Thomas 1920K66
    |           `--*D. jacksoni Thomas 1920K66
    |         Tornquistellus Berg 1899 [=Leptechinus Tornquist 1897 non Gauthier 1889]K66
    |           `--*T. gracilis (Tornquist 1897) [=*Leptechinus gracilis]K66
    |--LepidesthidaeK66
    |    |--Meekechinus Jackson 1912B01
    |    |    |--*M. elegans Jackson 1912B01
    |    |    `--M. herbornensis Bindemann 1938B01
    |    `--Lepidesthes Meek & Worthen 1868 [incl. Hybochinus Worthen & Miller 1883]K66
    |         |--*L. coreyi Meek & Worthen 1868K66
    |         `--‘*Hybochinus’ spectabilis Worthen & Miller 1883]K66
    `--EchinocystitidaeK66
         |--Echinocystites Thomson 1861 [=Cystocidaris Zittel 1879]K66
         |    `--*E. pomum Thomson 1861 [=*Cystocidaris pomum]K66
         |--Perischocidaris Neumayr 1881 [=Homotoechus Sollas 1892, Prosechinus Pomel 1883]K66
         |    `--*P. harteiana (Bailey 1874) [=Archaeocidaris harteiana, *Homotoechus harteianus, *Prosechinus harteianus]K66
         |--Rhenechinus Dehm 1953K66
         |    `--*R. hopstatteri Dehm 1953K66
         |--Gotlandechinus Regnéll 1956SG93, K66
         |    `--*G. balticus Regnéll 1956K66
         |--Xenechinus Kier 1958SG93, K66
         |    `--*X. parvus Kier 1958K66
         `--Proterocidaris de Koninck 1882 [incl. Fournierechinus Jackson 1929, Jacksonechinus Lambert 1936]K66
              |--*P. giganteus de Koninck 1882K66
              |--‘*Jacksonechinus’ andrewi Lambert 1936K66
              `--‘*Fournierechinus’ deneensis Jackson 1929K66

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[B01] Boczarowski, A. 2001. Isolated sclerites of Devonian non-pelmatozoan echinoderms. Palaeontologia Polonica 59: 1–219.

[K66] Kier, P. M. 1966. Noncidaroid Paleozoic echinoids. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt U. Echinodermata 3 vol. 1 pp. U298–U312. The Geological Society of America, Inc., and The University of Kansas Press.

[SG93] Simms, M. J., A. S. Gale, P. Gilliland, E. P. F. Rose & G. D. Sevastopulo. 1993. Echinodermata. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 491–528. Chapman & Hall: London.