Belongs within: Eulophidae.
Contains: Apleurotropis, Pseudomphale, Chrysonotomyia, Omphale, Closterocerus, Pediobius, Pleurotroppopsis, Entedon.
The Entedoninae are a group of eulophid wasps characterised by the presence of only a single pair of bristles on the scutellum, and a generally tapering submarginal vein on the forewing with a reduced number of bristles that does not usually smoothly connect to the parastigma (Bouček 1988). The Indo-Australian genus Parahorismenus is exceptional in having an extensively pilose scutellum whereas in other genera the scutellum bears only a single pair of setae (Bouček 1988).
Characters (from Bouček 1988): Frontal grooves usually of an X-shape; notaular grooves modified (not simply groove-like); scutellum usually with only one pair of setae, paired grooves absent; propodeum with simple spiracle placed near to metanotal margin and surrounded at least anteriorly by a groove, postero-lateral corners reduced, often blunt, so that metapleuron is partly visible dorsally. Forewing with submarginal vein usually tapering distally, broken off the broad base the of parastigma, bearing usually only 2 dorsal bristles; stigmal vein mostly very short, postmarginal vein frequently short though mostly distinct, only rarely absent.
Entedoninae [Entedonidae, Entedonoidae, Entedontinae]B88
|--EuderomphaliniBH11
| | i. s.: EntedononecremnusMH11
| | |--E. krauteri Zolnerowich & Rose 1996MH11, ZR96
| | `--E. unicus Girault 1915ZR96
| |--+--CabezaBH11
| | |--AleuroctonusCR24
| | `--+--+--NeopomphaleHB13
| | | `--Baeoentedon Girault 1915CR24, B88
| | | `--*B. peculicornis Girault 1915B88
| | `--Euderomphale chelidoniiHB13
| `--Dasyomphale chilensisHB13
`--EntedoniniMH11
| i. s.: ApleurotropisB88
| Mestocharis bimacularisB88, A71
| PomphaleB88
| Parahorismenus Girault 1915B88
| `--*P. spissipunctatus Girault 1915B88
| Goetheana Girault 1920 [incl. Dasyscapus Gahan 1927]B88
| `--*G. shakespearei Girault 1920 (see below for synonymy)B88
| Zaommomentedon Girault 1915B88
| `--*Z. mandibularis Girault 1915B88
| Horismenoides Girault 1913B88
| `--*H. sulfureiventris Girault 1913B88
| Davincia Girault 1924 non Penz. & Sacc. 1901 (ICBN)B88
| `--*D. arboris Girault 1924B88
| Pleurotropopseus Girault 1913B88
| `--*P. purpureus Girault 1913 [=P. purpurea]B88
| Encyrtomphale Girault 1915B88
| `--*E. parvulicorpus Girault 1915B88
| Omphalentedon Girault 1915B88
| `--*O. longus Girault 1915B88
| Piekna Bouček 1988B88
| `--*P. nitens Bouček 1988B88
| Epichrysoatomus Girault 1916B88
| `--*E. unfasciatipennis Girault 1916B88
| Derostenoides Girault 1915B88
| `--*D. neglectus Girault 1915B88
| Obesulus Bouček 1988B88
| `--*O. ater Bouček 1988B88
| Hispinocharis Bouček 1988B88
| `--*H. orientalis (Ferrière 1933) [=Achrysocharella orientalis]B88
| Clypomphale Bouček 1988B88
| `--*C. biloba Bouček 1988B88
| Ladna Bouček 1988B88
| `--*L. picta Bouček 1988B88
| Monteithius Bouček 1988B88
| `--*M. varius Bouček 1988B88
| Holcopelte Förster 1856B88
| |--*H. obscura [=Elachertus obscurus]B88
| `--H. montana Bouček 1988B88
| Kratoysma Bouček 1965B88
| |--*K. usticrus [=Derostenus usticrus]B88
| `--K. citri Bouček 1988B88
| Pediocharis Bouček 1988B88
| |--*P. albipes Bouček 1988B88
| `--P. malaris Bouček 1988B88
| Exodontomphale Bouček 1984B88
| |--*E. taborskyiB88
| `--E. rieki Bouček 1988B88
| Teleopterus Silvestri 1914B88
| |--*T. notandusB88
| `--T. atripes (Girault 1915) [=Achrysocharis atripes]B88
| Pediobopsis Girault 1913B88
| |--*P. spenceri Girault 1913B88
| `--P. pellucidula [=Pediobius pellucidulus]B88
| Thripobius Ferrière 1938B88
| |--*T. hirticornisB88
| `--T. semiluteus Bouček 1976B88
| Entedonastichus Girault 1920 [incl. Pirenoidea Girault 1922, Thripoctenoides Erdös 1954]B88
| |--*E. mirus Girault 1920B88
| |--E. carbonarius (Erdös 1954) [=*Thripoctenoides carbonarius]B88
| |--E. dei (Girault 1922) [=*Pirenoidea dei]B88
| |--E. gaussi [=Thripoctenoides gaussi]B88
| `--E. kaulbarsiB88
| Zaommomyiella Girault 1913B88
| |--*Z. oculata (Girault 1913) [=Zaommomyia oculata]B88
| |--Z. abnormis Girault 1913B88
| |--Z. persimilis Girault 1915B88
| |--Z. saintpierrei Girault 1913B88
| |--Z. sol Girault 1915B88
| `--Z. tintinnabulum Girault 1915B88
| PseudomphaleG24
| EpientedonR70
|--Tropicharis cecivoraBH11
`--+--+--ChrysonotomyiaCR24
| `--+--OmphaleBH11
| `--Parzaommomyia Girault 1915BH11, B88
| `--*P. tenuicorpus Girault 1915B88
`--+--ClosterocerusCR24
`--+--+--+--PediobiusBH11
| | `--+--Rhynchentedon Girault 1919BH11, B88
| | | `--*R. maximus Girault 1919B88
| | `--Pediobomyia Girault 1913BH11, B88
| | |--*P. darwini Girault 1913B88
| | `--P. canaliculataBH11
| `--+--Asecodes Förster 1856BH11, B88
| | |--A. coronis [incl. *A. fuscipes]B88
| | |--A. hispinarum Bouček 1988B88
| | `--A. mentoMB93
| `--Neochrysocharis Kurdjumov 1912CR24, B88
| |--*N. immaculataB88
| |--N. cliniasBH11
| `--N. formosaBH11
`--+--+--PleurotroppopsisBH11
| `--+--EntedonCR24
| `--Achrysocharoides Girault 1913BH11, B88 (see below for synonymy)
| |--*A. sarcophagus (Girault 1913) [=Chrysocharis sarcophagus, C. sarcophaga]B88
| |--A. australiensis (Girault 1913) [=*Neoderostenus australiensis]B88
| |--A. bipunctatus (Girault 1916)GM79
| |--A. guizoti Girault 1917G17c
| |--A. latreillii (Curtis 1826)B88 (see below for synonymy)
| |--A. splendens (Delucchi 1954) [=Enaysma splendens]B88
| `--‘*Enaysma’ zwoelferiB88
`--+--Paracrias pubicornisBH11
|--Chrysocharis Forster 1856CR24, B88
| |--C. pubicornis (Zetterstedt 1838) [=Entedon pubicornis; incl. *C. femoralis]B88
| |--C. amylteMH11
| `--C. gemmaA71
|--HorismenusBH11
| | i. s.: H. popenoei (Ashmead 1888)GM79 [incl. H. missouriensis (Ashmead 1888)G34, GM79]
| |--H. petiolatusBH11
| `--+--H. floridanum (Ashmead 1888)BH11, GM79 [incl. H. microgaster (Ashmead 1888) (preoc.)G34, GM79]
| `--H. longicornisBH11
`--+--Astichomyia Girault 1917BH11, G17b
| `--*A. latiscapus Girault 1917G17b
|--Emersonella Girault 1916BH11, GM79
| |--*E. lemae Girault 1916G22, GM79
| |--E. fuscipennis Girault 1920GM79
| |--E. niveipes Girault 1917G17b
| `--E. planicepsBH11
`--Ceranisus Walker 1842BH11, B88 (see below for synonymy)
|--*C. pacuviusB88
|--‘*Epomphale’ auriventrisB88
|--‘Epomphale’ javae Girault 1917G17a
|--C. margiscutum (Girault 1915) (see below for synonymy)B88
|--C. menes (Walker 1839)B88 (see below for synonymy)
|--‘Thripoctenus’ nubilipennis Williams 1916GM79 [=*Cryptomphale nubilipennisB88]
`--‘*Thripoctenus’ russelliB88
Achrysocharoides Girault 1913BH11, B88 [incl. Enaysma Delucchi 1954B88, Neoderostenus Girault 1913B88]
Achrysocharoides latreillii (Curtis 1826)B88 [=Eulophus latreilliiB88, Enaysma latreilleiB88, Entedon latreilliiW39]
Ceranisus Walker 1842BH11, B88 [incl. Cryptomphale Girault 1917B88, Entedonomphale Girault 1915B88, Epomphale Girault 1915B88, Thripoctenus Crawford 1911B88]
Ceranisus margiscutum (Girault 1915) [=*Entedonomphale margiscutum; incl. E. stalini Girault 1934]B88
Ceranisus menes (Walker 1839)B88 [=Pteroptrix menesB88; incl. *Epomphale auriventris Girault 1915B88, Thripoctenus bruiMM96, E. rubensteina Girault 1934B88]
*Goetheana shakespearei Girault 1920 [incl. *Dasyscapus parvipennis Gahan 1927, D. thripsivorus Narayanan, Subba Rao & Ramachandra Rao 1962]B88
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.
[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).
[BH11] Burks, R. A., J. M. Heraty, M. Gebiola & C. Hansson. 2011. Combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), with focus on the subfamily Entedoninae. Cladistics 27 (6): 581–605.
[CR24] Cruaud, A., J.-Y. Rasplus, J. Zhang, R. Burks, G. Delvare, L. Fusu, A. Gumovsky, J. T. Huber, P. Janšta, M.-D. Mitroiu, J. S. Noyes, S. van Noort, A. Baker, J. Böhmová, H. Baur, B. B. Blaimer, S. G. Brady, K. Bubeníková, M. Chartois, R. S. Copeland, N. D.-S. Papilloud, A. D. Molin, C. Dominguez, M. Gebiola, E. Guerrieri, R. L. Kresslein, L. Krogmann, E. Lemmon, E. A. Murray, S. Nidelet, J. L. Nieves-Aldrey, R. K. Perry, R. S. Peters, A. Polaszek, L. Sauné, J. Torréns, S. Triapitsyn, E. V. Tselikh, M. Yoder, A. R. Lemmon, J. B. Woolley & J. M. Heraty. 2024. The Chalcidoidea bush of life: evolutionary history of a massive radiation of minute wasps. Cladistics 40: 34–63.
[G17a] Girault, A. A. 1917a. New Javanese Hymenoptera. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 59–71).
[G17b] Girault, A. A. 1917b. Descriptiones hymenopterorum chalcidoidicarum variorum cum observationibus. III. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 102–111).
[G17c] Girault, A. A. 1917b. Descriptiones hymenopterorum chalcidoidicarum variorum cum observationibus. V. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 116–131).
[G22] Girault, A. A. 1922. The North American species of Emersonella and Entedon with excuses, etc. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 165).
[G24] Girault, A. A. 1924. Homo perniciosus and new Hymenoptera. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 178–181).
[G34] Girault, A. A. 1934. Miridae et Hymenoptera nova Australiensis. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 308–310).
[GM79] Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 1–400.
[HB13] Heraty, J. M., R. A. Burks, A. Cruaud, G. A. P. Gibson, J. Liljeblad, J. Munro, J.-Y. Rasplus, G. Delvare, P. Janšta, A. Gumovsky, J. Huber, J. B. Woolley, L. Krogmann, S. Heydon, A. Polaszek, S. Schmidt, D. C. Darling, M. W. Gates, J. Mottern, E. Murray, A. D. Molin, S. Triapitsyn, H. Baur, J. D. Pinto, S. van Noort, J. George & M. Yoder. 2013. A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). Cladistics 29: 466–542.
[MB93] Malecki, R. A., B. Blossey, S. D. Hight, D. Schroeder, L. T. Kok & J. R. Coulson. 1993. Biological control of purple loosestrife. BioScience 43 (10): 680–686.
[MM96] Mound, L. A., & R. Marullo. 1996. The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International 6: 1–487.
[MH11] Munro, J. B., J. M. Heraty, R. A. Burks, D. Hawks, J. Mottern, A. Cruaud, J.-Y. Rasplus & P. Jansta. 2011. A molecular phylogeny of the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). PloS One 6 (11): e27023.
[R70] Riek, E. F. 1970. Hymenoptera (wasps, bees, ants). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 867–959. Melbourne University Press.
[W39] Walker, F. 1839. Monographia Chalciditum vol. 1. Hyppolitus Ballière: London.
[ZR96] Zolnerowich, G., & M. Rose. 1996. A new species of Entedononecremnus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) parasitic on the giant whitefly, Aleurodicus dugesii Cockerell (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (2): 369–373.
I am no entomologist, but I find this field fascinating and was wondering if I could pick your brain on a matter that is puzzling me: I recently moved to Puerto Rico and am starting an organic/hydroponic gardening store, and garden of my own. I have been searching for information on beneficial insects in this area. I believe you are based out of Australia, but perhaps you could point me in the right direction? If so, please email me at hydrodelsol@gmail.com. Perhaps I can aid your procrastination with my query ;) Thank you for your time and any information!! It will benefit the community I live in in huge ways :)