Belongs within: Ichneumonoidea.
Contains: Xoridinae, Phytodietini, Tersilochinae, Banchini, Glyptini, Atrophini, Oxytorinae, Scolobatini, Mesochorinae, Metopiinae, Cremastinae, Ophioninae, Campoplegini, Gravenhorstiini, Anomalon, Labeninae, Orthocentrus, Pimplinae, Diplazontinae, Acaenitinae, Phygadeuontinae, Cryptinae, Ichneumoninae.
The Ichneumonidae, ichneumon wasps, are a diverse group of elongate-bodied parasitoid wasps, often with a strongly exserted ovipositor in females. The majority of species attack larvae of holometabolous insects though some species feed on spiders or their egg-sacs. Ichneumonids first appear in the fossil record during the Early Cretaceous where they are represented by the subfamilies Tanychorinae and Palaeoichneumoninae. These subfamilies exhibit fore wing venation with a larger areolet than modern forms.
Major subgroups of the modern Ichneumonidae include the Pimpliformes which have a notch on the occiput, and T2 bearing glymmae (lateral foveae) and a short and wide depression immediately near the anterior end. The Tryphoninae have a relatively short ovipositor with the egg travelling down its outside (Gauld 1984). The Campopleginae are slender ichneumonids with a long, usually more or less cylindrical, first metasomal tergite and laterally compressed gaster (Gauld 1984).
Characters (Gauld 1984): Hind wing with radio-medial crossvein arising from Rs distal to its junction with R1. Forewing with vein 2m-cu usually present; first discal cell and first submarginal cell conjoined, not separated by vein.
<==Ichneumonidae
|--Palaeoichneumon [Palaeoichneumoninae]BS23
| `--P. frejaBS23
|--TanychoraR02 [TanychorinaeBS23]
| `--T. petiolataR02
`--+--XoridinaeBS23
`--+--+--Lycorina Holmgren 1859BS23, G84 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--*L. trianguliferaG84
| | |--‘Glypta’ acitula [=*Chlorolycorina acitula]G84
| | |--L. apicalis [=*Toxophoroides apicalis]G84
| | `--L. fici [=L. (*Gonioglyphus) fici]G84
| `--+--Neorhacodes [Neorhacodinae]BS23
| | |--N. brevicaudaBS23
| | `--N. ensliniBM76
| `--+--TryphoninaeG84
| | | i. s.: CteniscusA71
| | | Anisoctenion alacerA71
| | | Erromenus Holmgren 1855HP-W05
| | | `--E. zonatorMS01
| | | Ctenochira Förster 1855HP-W05
| | | Eridolius Förster 1868HP-W05
| | | Sphinctus [Sphinctini]G84
| | | IdiogrammatiniG84
| | | Ankylophon Gauld 1984 [Ankylophonini]G84
| | | `--*A. obligatus Gauld 1984G84
| | | ExenterusA71 [ExenteriniG84]
| | | |--E. abruptoriusA71
| | | |--E. adspersusA71
| | | `--E. amictoriusA71
| | | TryphoniniG84
| | | |--GrypocentrusG84
| | | `--TryphonMS01
| | | |--T. confinisMS01
| | | |--T. consobrinusMS01
| | | |--T. incestusA71
| | | |--T. semirufusA71
| | | |--T. trochanteratusMS01
| | | `--T. vulgarisMS01
| | |--PhytodietiniBS23
| | `--+--Oedemopsini [Eclytini, Thymaridini]G84
| | | |--Debophanes Gauld 1984G84
| | | | `--*D. areolatus Gauld 1984G84
| | | |--Thymaris Foerster 1869 [=Thymarus Thomson 1883]G84
| | | | `--‘Mesoleptus’ tener [incl. *Thymaris pulchricornis]G84
| | | `--Oedemopsis Tschek 1869BS23, G84 (see below for synonymy)
| | | |--‘Tryphon’ scabriculus [=*Hybophanes scabriculus; incl. *Oedemopsis rogenhoferi]G84
| | | |--O. davisi [incl. Tryphon nasutus, *Campothreptus nasutus, *Zarhynchus nasutus]G84
| | | `--O. hobartensisG84
| | `--+--Atopotrophus bucephalusBS23
| | `--+--Polyblastus Hartig 1837BS23, HP-W05
| | | |--P. cothurnatusA71
| | | |--P. elegans Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901MS01
| | | `--P. pedalisGWB02
| | `--Excavarus annulipesBS23
| `--+--+--+--Erythrodolius [Sisyrostolinae]BS23
| | | `--+--PhrudinaeG84
| | | | |--BrachyscleromaG84
| | | | |--EarobiaG84
| | | | |--AstrenisBS23
| | | | `--Phrudus Foerster 1869 [incl. Ktenostilpnus Strobl 1901, Vendolius Roman 1914]G84
| | | | `--*P. monilicornis [incl. *Ktenostilpnus aequearticulatus, *Vendolius stilpnius]G84
| | | `--TersilochinaeBS23
| | `--+--Stilbops [Stilbopinae]BS23
| | | `--S. vetulusBS23
| | `--BanchinaeSNS07
| | | i. s.: BanchiniG84
| | |--GlyptiniBS23
| | `--+--+--DeleboeaBS23
| | | `--MnioesBS23
| | `--AtrophiniBS23
| `--+--OxytorinaeBS23
| `--+--+--Ctenopelmatinae [Megaceriini, Scolobatinae]G84
| | | | i. s.: LathrolestesG84
| | | | OpheltesG84
| | | | AbsyrtusBS23
| | | |--ScolobatiniG84
| | | |--CtenopelmaA71 [CtenopelmatiniG84]
| | | |--OlethrodontiniG84
| | | |--Perilissus (Spanotectus)MS01 [PerilissiniG84]
| | | | |--P. (S.) filicornisMS01
| | | | `--P. (S.) vernalisMS01
| | | |--PioniniG84
| | | | |--HodostatesG84
| | | | `--Austropion Gauld 1984G84
| | | | `--*A. mandibularis Gauld 1984G84
| | | |--Mesoleius Holmgren 1855HP-W05 [MesoleiiniG84]
| | | | | i. s.: M. sternoxanthus (Gravenhorst 1829)HP-W05
| | | | | M. tenthredinisG84
| | | | `--M. (Scopesis)MS01
| | | | |--M. (S.) bipunctatus Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901MS01
| | | | `--M. (S.) rufolabrisMS01
| | | `--EuryproctiniG84
| | | |--Hadrodactylus barbatus Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901G84, MS01 (see below for synonymy)
| | | |--EuryproctusG84
| | | |--Denticeria Gauld 1984G84
| | | | `--*D. cardaleae Gauld 1984G84
| | | `--Megaceria Szépligeti 1908G84
| | | |--*M. opheltesG84
| | | |--M. paganaG84
| | | `--M. rufiventrisG84
| | `--MesochorinaeBS23
| `--+--MetopiinaeBS23
| `--+--+--Hybrizon [Hybrizontinae, Paxylommatidae, Paxylommatinae]BS23
| | | `--H. rileyiBS23
| | `--CremastinaeBS23
| `--+--+--+--Klutiana [Nesomesochorinae]BS23
| | | `--OphioninaeBS23
| | `--Campopleginae [Porizontinae]G84
| | | i. s.: Rhorus Förster 1868HP-W05
| | | Hypamblys Förster 1868HP-W05
| | | `--H. albopictus (Gravenhorst 1829)HP-W05
| | | BathyplectesG84
| | | RhimphoctonaG84
| | | LathrostizusG84
| | | SpudastictaG84
| | |--NonniniG84
| | |--HelwigiiniG84
| | `--CampopleginiBS23
| `--Anomaloninae [Anomalinae]G84
| | i. s.: PseudanomalonG84
| |--GravenhorstiiniBS23
| `--AnomaloniniG84
| |--AnomalonG84
| `--Barylyta coarctata Ashmead 1900A00
`--+--LabeninaeBS23
`--+--PimpliformesGWB02
| | i. s.: Diacritus [Diacritinae, Diacritini]GWB02
| | `--D. muliebrisBS23
| | Orthocentrinae [Plectiscini]GWB02
| | |--OrthocentrusG84
| | |--StenomacrusG84
| | |--Neurateles Ratzeburg 1848 [=Neuratelus Foerster 1869]G84
| | | `--*N. papyraceusG84
| | |--Plectiscus Gravenhorst 1829 [=Brephoctonus Foerster 1869]G84
| | | |--*P. impurator [=*Brephoctonus impurator]G84
| | | `--P. subtilisMS01
| | |--Aperileptus Foerster 1869BS23, G84
| | | `--*A. albipalpus [=Plectiscus albipalpus]G84
| | |--Eusterinx Foerster 1869BS23, G84 (see below for synonymy)
| | | |--*E. oligomeraG84
| | | |--‘*Dallatorrea’ armataG84
| | | |--‘Catomicrus’ bispinosa (see below for synonymy)G84
| | | |--‘*Cymodusoides’ gracilisG84
| | | |--‘Tryphon’ pusillus [incl. *Catomicrus trichops]G84
| | | |--‘*Holomeristus’ tenuicinctusG84
| | | `--‘Catastenus’ trifasciatus [incl. *Trestis tricincta]G84
| | |--Helictes Haliday 1837BS23, G84 (see below for synonymy)
| | | |--*H. erythrostoma [=Ichneumon erythrostoma, *Myriarthrus erythrostoma]G84
| | | `--‘*Paipila’ longipesG84
| | |--Megastylus Schiødte 1838BS23, G84 (see below for synonymy)
| | | |--*M. cruentator [incl. M. mediator, *Idioxenus mediator]G84
| | | |--‘Myriarthrus’ cingulator [=*Myriarthridea cingulator]G84
| | | |--‘*Dicolus’ insectatorG84
| | | |--‘*Letosha’ longicoxisG84
| | | `--‘*Miomeroides’ transsylvanicusG84
| | `--Proclitus Foerster 1869BS23, G84 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--*P. grandisG84
| | |--‘*Clepticus’ praetor [=*Mischoxorides praetor]G84
| | `--‘*Aclastoneura’ tricolorG84
| |--PimplinaeGWB02
| `--+--DiplazontinaeGWB02
| |--CylloceriaG84 [incl. AsphragisG84; CylloceriinaeGWB02]
| | `--C. melancholicaGWB02
| `--AcaenitinaeGWB02
`--+--+--Clasis [Claseinae]BS23
| `--+--BrachycyrtinaeBS23
| `--EucerosBS23
`--+--+--EndasysBS23
| `--+--+--AteleutinaeBS23
| | | |--Ateleute Foerster 1869 (see below for synonymy)G84
| | | | |--*A. linearis Foerster 1869G84
| | | | |--‘*Ptychostenus’ minusculae Uchida 1955G84
| | | | |--‘*Talorga’ spinipes Cameron 1911G84
| | | | `--‘*Tsirirella’ tsiriria Seyrig 1852G84
| | | `--TamaulipecaBS23
| | `--PhygadeuontinaeBS23
| `--CryptinaeBS23
`--IchneumoninaeBS23
Ichneumonidae incertae sedis:
TanychorellaR02
Oocenteter [Tryponini]M38
`--*O. tomostethaeM38
Glabrodorsum stokesiiH91
Sinicorussus luzhongensisGE05
Ariostonia Girault 1933G33
`--*A. fusciapex Girault 1933G33
Photocryptus apicalisBM76
AcroricnusBM76
HoplocryptusBM76
CaenocryptusBM76
LocheticaBM76
Nepiesta nigra Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901MS01
Apilasta nigrifemur Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901MS01
Trachyderma scabraMS01
PromethesMS01
|--P. pulchellusMS01
`--P. sulcatorMS01
Liopsis festivusMS01
ZootrephesMS01
|--Z. cingulatusMS01
`--Z. lateralisMS01
AniarophronMS01
|--A. niger Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901MS01
|--A. nigricornisMS01
`--A. ornatusMS01
Phthorima rossica Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901MS01
MicrocryptusMS01
|--M. basizoniusMS01
`--M. xanthostigma Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901MS01
AcanthocryptusMS01
|--A. flagitator [incl. A. pumilio]MS01
`--A. quadrispinosusMS01
Gnathocryptus vagabundusMS01
Stenareus transfugaMS01
SpilocryptusMS01
Exyston cinctellusMS01
Diaborus crassiceps Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901MS01
MesoleptusMS01
|--M. flavovariegatus Lucas 1849E12
|--M. melanocephalusMS01
`--M. (Zemiotes) vulneratorMS01
Cephaloglypta laricisW87
Alcima orbitalisP93
OrthopelmaN88 [OrthopelmatinaeG84]
CollyriaE12 [CollyriinaeG84]
|--C. armata Lucas 1849E12
|--C. coxatorGWB02
`--C. erythrogaster Lucas 1849E12
Zagryphus nasutusHR11
Lymeon orbusHR11
Liaoichneumon Hong 2002H02
`--*L. asiatica Hong 2002H02
Epiurus indagatorB37
Phobetes albinopennisB37
HolojoppinaeC01a
|--MicrojoppaC01a
`--Gathetus Cameron 1901C01a
`--*G. melanocerus Cameron 1901C01a
Lagenesta Cameron 1901C01b
`--*L. ferruginea Cameron 1901C01b
Myermo Cameron 1901C01c
`--*M. rufipes Cameron 1901C01c
Perisemus fulvicollisR13
Catachora minor Townes 1973P92
Eubaeus leiponeura Townes 1973P92
Urotryphon pusilus Townes 1973P92
Aethecerus tatoi Selfa & Diller 2004F04
Gnotus klausi Bordera & Hernández-Rodríguez 2004F04
Planochorus Schwenke 2004F04
`--*P. ibericus Schwenke 2004F04
StibeutesF04
|--S. calderonae Bordera & Hernández-Rodríguez 2004F04
`--S. hirsutus Bordera & Hernández-Rodríguez 2004F04
Ateleute Foerster 1869 [=Ateleuta Schulz 1906; incl. Psychostenus Uchida 1955, Talorga Cameron 1911, Tsirirella Seyrig 1952]G84
‘Catomicrus’ bispinosa [incl. C. alpigenus, *Acanthostroblia alpigena, *Ischyracis alpigenus, *Stroblia alpigena]G84
Eusterinx Foerster 1869BS23, G84 [incl. Acanthostroblia Roman 1925G84, Catomicrus Thomson 1888G84, Cymodusoides Viereck 1925G84, Dallatorrea Ashmead 1902G84, Holomeristus Foerster 1869G84, Ischyracis Foerster 1869G84, Stroblia Schmiedeknecht 1911 non Pokorny 1893G84, Trestis Foerster 1869G84]
Hadrodactylus barbatus Szépligeti in Mocsáry & Szépligeti 1901G84, MS01 [=Mesoleptus (Hadrodactylus) barbatusMS01]
Helictes Haliday 1837BS23, G84 [=Myriarthrus Foerster 1869G84; incl. Paipila Cameron 1905G84; Helictinae]
Lycorina Holmgren 1859BS23, G84 [incl. Chlorolycorina Cushman 1920G84, Gonioglyphus Seyrig 1932G84, Toxophoroides Cresson 1873G84; Lycorininae]
Megastylus Schiødte 1838BS23, G84 [=Megalostylus Schulz 1906G84; incl. Dicolus Foerster 1869G84, Idioxenus Foerster 1869G84, Letosha Cameron 1909G84, Miomeroides Kiss 1924G84, Myriarthridea Viereck 1914G84]
Oedemopsis Tschek 1869BS23, G84 [=Oedematopsis Morley 1908G84; incl. Campothreptus Foerster 1869G84, Hybophanes Foerster 1869G84, Zarhynchus Ashmead 1900 non Oberholser 1899G84]
Proclitus Foerster 1869BS23, G84 [incl. Aclastoneura Kriechbaumer 1896G84, Clepticus Haliday 1839 non Cuvier 1829G84, Mischoxorides Ashmead 1900G84]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
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