Belongs within: Bryales.
Contains: Pohlia.
The Mniaceae are a family of mosses, with representatives known as thread-mosses and thyme-mosses, with their main diversity in the northern temperate zone. Members of Mniaceae can be distinguished from many (but not all) species of the similar Bryaceae by the absence in the former of comal tufts of leaves (Watson & Dallwitz). Members of the genus Mnium are usually tall and robust mosses with large leaves that often have a distinct border (Dixon 1924).
Characters (from Smith 2004): Dioicous or synoicous. All stems erect or fertile stems erect and sterile stems procumbent or arcuate; central strand present. Leaves pellucid, ovate to linear-lanceolate, acuminate to rounded; margins unbordered or with one- to several-stratose border, entire or dentate with single or double teeth; costa with stereid band in section; cells more or less quadrate to linear, smooth, sometimes in divergent rows. Female inflorescences bud-like, males discoid or not. Sporophytes sometimes more than one per perichaetium; setae long; capsules cernuous to pendulous, ovoid to cylindrical; peristome double; calyptrae cucullate.
Mniaceae
| i. s.: Schizymenium Harv. ex Hooker 1840SK02
| `--S. bryoides Harv. ex Hooker 1840 (see below for synonymy)SK02
| CryptopodiumOZB-O03
| HymenodontopsisOZB-O03
|--Cinclidioideae [Cinclidiaceae, Cinclidieae]S04
| |--Cinclidium Sw. 1803S04
| | `--C. stygium Sw. 1803S04 [=Amblyodium stygiumOZB-O03, Meesia stygiaOZB-O03, Mnium stygiumOZB-O03]
| |--Cyrtomnium Holmen 1957OZB-O03
| | `--*C. hymenophylloides (Huebener) Kop. 1968 [=Mnium hymenophylloides]OZB-O03
| `--Rhizomnium (Broth.) Koponen 1968S04
| |--R. magnifolium (Hook.) Kop. 1973 (see below for synonymy)S04
| |--R. nudumB-OO10
| |--R. pseudopunctatum (Bruch & Schimp.) Kop. 1968S04 (see below for synonymy)
| `--R. punctatum (Hedw.) Kop. 1968S04 (see below for synonymy)
|--PohlioideaeS04
| |--PohliaSK02
| |--Epipterygium Lindb. 1863S04
| | `--E. tozeri (Grev.) Lindb. 1863S04 [=Bryum tozeriD24, Webera tozeriS04]
| `--Mielichhoferia Hornsch. 1831S04
| |--M. elongata (Hoppe & Hornsch.) Nees & Hornsch. 1836S04 (see below for synonymy)
| |--M. forsythii Broth. 1916SK02
| |--M. mielichhoferiana (Funck ex Hornsch.) Loeske 1910 [incl. M. mielichhoferi, M. nitida]S04
| |--M. spegazzinianaD03
| |--M. sullivanii Müll.Hal. 1898SK02
| `--M. tenuisetaM49
|--Mnium Hedw. 1801 (nom. cons.)S04 [incl. Stellariomnium Bowers 1980OZB-O03; Mnieae, Mnioideae]
| | i. s.: M. blyttii [=Stellariomnium blyttii]OZB-O03
| | M. heterophyllum [=Stellariomnium heterophyllum]OZB-O03
| | M. integrumD24
| | M. japonicumN02
| | M. leptolimbatumD03
| |--M. (sect. Mnium) hornum Hedw. 1801S04 [=Hypnum hornumOZB-O03, Polla hornaOZB-O03]
| |--M. sect. Laevinervia Chen ex Li & Zang 1979S04
| | |--M. ambiguum Müll. 1866S04
| | |--M. laevinerveOZB-O03
| | |--M. lycopodioides Schwägr. 1826OZB-O03 [=Bryum lycopodioidesD24; incl. M. gracilentumD24]
| | `--M. marginatum (With.) Beauv. 1805S04 [=Hypnum marginatumOZB-O03; incl. M. serratumS04, Polla serrataOZB-O03]
| | |--M. m. var. marginatumS04
| | `--M. m. var. dioicum (Müll.) Crundw. 1968S04 [incl. M. marginatum var. ripariumOZB-O03, S04]
| |--M. sect. Spinosa (Kindb.) Kop. 1968S04
| | |--M. spinosum (Voit.) Schwägr. 1819S04 [=Bryum spinosumD24]
| | |--M. spinulosum Bruch & Schimp. in Bruch, Schimp. & Gümbel 1846OZB-O03
| | `--M. thomsonii Schimp. 1876S04
| `--M. sect. Stellariformia (Kindb.) Kop. 1968S04
| `--M. stellare Hedw. 1801S04 (see below for synonymy)
`--Plagiomnioideae [Plagiomniaceae, Plagiomnieae]S04
|--Pseudobryum (Kindb.) Koponen 1968S04
| |--P. cinclidioides (Huebener) Kop. 1869S04 (see below for synonymy)
| `--P. speciosumS04
|--Orthomnion (Mitt.) Broth. 1905OZB-O03, SK02 [Orthomnieae]
| `--O. elimbatum (Nog.) Kop. 1980 [incl. Mnium rotundifolium]SK02
`--Plagiomnium Kop. 1968SK02
| i. s.: P. novae-zealandiae (Colenso) Kop. 1977 (see below for synonymy)SK02
| P. rhynchophorumJ87
|--P. sect. PlagiomniumOZB-O03
| |--P. cuspidatum (Hedw.) Kop. 1968S04 [=Mnium cuspidatumS04, Polla cuspidataOZB-O03; incl. M. silvaticumD24]
| `--P. drummondii (Bruch & Schimp.) Kop. 1968 [=Mnium drummondii]OZB-O03
|--P. sect. Rostratum (Kindb.) Kop. 1968S04
| `--P. rostratum (Schrad.) Kop. 1968S04 (see below for synonymy)
|--P. sect. Rosulatae (Kindb.) Kop. 1967S04
| |--P. affine (Funck) Kop. 1968S04 [=Mnium affineS04, Polla affinisOZB-O03]
| |--P. elatum (Bruch & Schimp.) Kop. 1968S04 (see below for synonymy)
| |--P. ellipticum (Brid.) Kop. 1968S04 (see below for synonymy)
| `--P. medium (Bruch & Schimp.) Kop. 1968 [=Mnium medium]S04
`--P. sect. Undulata Kop. 1968S04
`--P. undulatum (Hedw.) Kop. 1968S04 [=Mnium undulatumS04; incl. Hypnum ligulatumOZB-O03, Polla ligulataOZB-O03]
Nomina nuda: Leptochlaena microdonta Mitt. ex Muell. 1880 [=Mielichhoferia microdonta Mitt. 1882]SK02
Mnium alpestre Müll.Hal. 1901SK02
Mielichhoferia elongata (Hoppe & Hornsch.) Nees & Hornsch. 1836S04 [=Oreas mielichhoferi var. elongataS04; incl. O. mielichhoferi var. compactaD24, O. mielichhoferi var. gracilisD24]
Mnium stellare Hedw. 1801S04 [=Astrophyllum stellareS04, Hypnum stellareOZB-O03, Polla stellarisOZB-O03, *Stellariomnium stellareOZB-O03]
Plagiomnium elatum (Bruch & Schimp.) Kop. 1968S04 [=Mnium affine var. elatumS04; incl. M. seligeri var. decipiensOZB-O03, M. insigneOZB-O03, M. seligeriD24]
Plagiomnium ellipticum (Brid.) Kop. 1968S04 [incl. Mnium affine var. integrifoliumOZB-O03, M. seligeri var. intermediumOZB-O03, M. affine var. rugicumS04, M. rostratum var. rugicumOZB-O03]
Plagiomnium novae-zealandiae (Colenso) Kop. 1977 [incl. Mnium novae-valesiae Müll.Hal. 1876 (n. n.), M. tasmanicum Watts & Whitel. 1902 (nom. inv.)]SK02
Plagiomnium rostratum (Schrad.) Kop. 1968S04 [=Hypnum rostratumOZB-O03, Mnium rostratumS04, Polla rostrataOZB-O03; incl. M. longirostrumS04]
Pseudobryum cinclidioides (Huebener) Kop. 1869S04 [=Bryum cinclidioidesD24, Mnium cinclidioidesS04; incl. M. cinclidioides var. tomentosumOZB-O03]
Rhizomnium magnifolium (Hook.) Kop. 1973 [incl. Mnium punctatum var. elatum non M. affine var. elatum, R. perssonii]S04
Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum (Bruch & Schimp.) Kop. 1968S04 [=Mnium pseudopunctatumS04; incl. Bryum mnioidesOZB-O03, M. punctatum var. subglobosumOZB-O03]
Rhizomnium punctatum (Hedw.) Kop. 1968S04 [=Hypnum punctatumOZB-O03, Mnium punctatumS04, Polla punctataOZB-O03; incl. M. punctatum var. chalubinskiOZB-O03, M. serphyllifoliumOZB-O03]
Schizymenium bryoides Harv. ex Hooker 1840 [=Mielichhoferia bryoides (Harv. ex Hooker) Wijk & Margad. 1962; incl. M. australis, M. ecklonii]SK02
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B-OO10] Bednarek-Ochyra, H., & R. Ochyra. 2010. Bucklandiella shevockii (Bryophyta, Grimmiaceae), an exquisite new species from Yunnan, China. Polish Botanical Journal 55 (2): 499–506.
[D24] Dixon, H. N. 1924. The Student’s Handbook of British Mosses 3rd ed. V. V. Sumfield: Eastbourne.
[D03] Dusén, P. 1903. Patagonian and Fuegian mosses. In: Scott, W. B. (ed.) Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899 vol. 8. Botany pp. 63–126. The University: Princeton (New Jersey).
[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.
[M49] Martin, W. 1949. Distribution of the mosses indigenous to New Zealand (supplement no. 1). Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (3): 355–360.
[N02] Negi, H. R. 2002. Abundance and diversity of moss communities of Chopta-Tunganath in the Garhwal Himalaya. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 418–433.
[OZB-O03] Ochyra, R., J. Żarnowiec & H. Bednarek-Ochyra. 2003. Census Catalogue of Polish Mosses. Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences: Cracow.
[S04] Smith, A. J. E. 2004. The Moss Flora of Britain and Ireland 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press.
[SK02] Streimann, H., & N. Klazenga. 2002. Catalogue of Australian Mosses. Flora of Australia Supplementary Series 17. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.