Belongs within: Nautilida.
Contains: Hercoglossidae, Nautilus.
First appearing in the Upper Triasic, the Nautilaceae was the only group of nautiloid cephalopods to survive the end of that period, and persists to the modern day in the genus Nautilus. The earliest Nautilaceae are placed in the genus Cenoceras, which probably represents the ancestor of all later taxa. Nautilaceae achieved their highest diversity during the Mesozoic; a number of lineages survived the end of the Mesozoic, but only Nautilus is known from the fossil record after the Miocene. In members of the family Nautilidae, the sutures of the shell are straight to sinuous; they became even more sinuous in members of other families (Kummel 1964).
Characteristics (from Kummel 1964): Involute, generally smooth, with sinuous plications or ribs in some species; whorl section compressed or depressed. Sutures straight to strongly sinuous. Siphuncle central or dorsal.
<==Nautilaceae [Digonioceratida] |--ParacenoceratidaeK64 | |--Aulaconautilus Spath 1927K64 | | `--*A. sexcarinatus (Pictet 1867) [=Nautilus sexcarinatus]K64 | |--Tithonoceras Retowski 1894K64 | | `--*T. zitteli Retowski 1894K64 | |--Paracenoceras Spath 1927K64 | | |--*P. hexagonum (Sowerby 1826) [=Nautilus hexagonus]K64 | | `--P. rhodani (Roux 1848)K93 | `--Somalinautilus Spath 1927 [=Somaliceras (l. c.) non Spath 1925]K64 | |--*S. antiquus (Dacqué 1910) [=Nautilus antiquus; incl. N. bisulcatus Dacqué 1905 non de Koninck 1878]K64 | `--S. fuscus (Crick 1898)K93 |--Pseudonautilidae [Pseudaganidinae]K64 | |--Xenocheilus Shimanskiy & Erlanger 1955K64 | | `--*X. ulixis [=Nautilus ulixis]K64 | |--Pseudonautilus Meek 1876K64 | | |--*P. geinitzi (Oppel in Zittel 1868) [=Nautilus geinitzi]K64 | | `--P. aturoides (Pictet 1867)K93 | `--Pseudaganides Spath 1927 [incl. Hercoglossoceras Spath 1927, Palelialia Shimanskiy 1955]K64 | |--*P. kutchensis (Waagen 1873) [=Nautilus kutchensis]K64 | |--P. brunhuberiK64 | |--P. frickensisK64 | |--P. gravesianusK64 | |--P. kochi (Prinz 1906)K93 | |--P. schneidiK64 | `--P. sinuatusK64 |--Nautilidae [Eutrephoceratidae]K64 | | i. s.: Carinonautilus Spengler 1910K64 | | `--*C. ariyalurensis Spengler 1910K64 | | Strionautilus Shimanskiy 1951K64 | | `--*S. pondicherriensis (Blanford 1866) [=Nautilus pondicherriensis]K64 | |--Cenoceras Hyatt 1884 (see below for synonymy)K64 | | |--*C. intermedius (Sowerby 1816) [=Nautilus intermedius]K64 | | |--C. ararisK64 | | |--C. carolinum [=Nautilus carolinus]H84 | | |--C. fischeranusK64 | | |--C. striatusK64 | | |--C. tintoretti [=Nautilus tintoretti]H84 | | `--C. trechmanni Kummel 1953K93 | `--+--HercoglossidaeK64 | |--NautilusK64 | |--Kummelonautilus hendersoni (Etheridge 1901)BRW98 [=Nautilus (Cymatoceras) hendersoniBRW98, F71] | |--Pseudocenoceras Spath 1927K64 | | `--*P. largilliertianum (d’Orbigny 1840) [=Nautilus largilliertianus]K64 | `--Eutrephoceras Hyatt 1894K64 | |--*E. dekayi (Morton 1834) [=Nautilus dekayi]K64 | |--E. bellerophonT64 | |--E. geelongensisBRW98 | |--E. laverdeiK64 | `--E. uitenhagenseK79 `--Cymatoceratidae [Heminautilidae]K64 |--Anglonautilus Spath 1927K64 | `--A. undulatus (Sowerby 1813) [=Nautilus undulatus]K64 |--Cymatonautilus Spath 1927K64 | `--*C. julii (d’Orbigny 1850) [=Nautilus julii]K64 |--Epicymatoceras Kummel 1956K64 | `--*E. vaelsense (Binckhorst 1861) [=Nautilus vaelsensis]K64 |--Eucymatoceras Spath 1927K64 | `--*E. plicatum (Fitton 1835) [=Nautilus plicatus]K64 |--Syrionautilus Spath 1927 [=Syrinautilus (l. c.)]K64 | `--*S. libanoticus (Foord & Crick 1890) [=Nautilus libanoticus]K64 |--Heminautilus Spath 1927 [incl. Platynautilus Yabe & Ozaki 1953, Vorticoceras Scott 1940]K64 | |--*H. saxbii (Morris 1848) [=Nautilus saxbii]K64 | `--H. etheringtoniK64 |--Deltocymatoceras Kummel 1956K64 | |--*D. leiotropis (Schlüter 1876) [=Nautilus leiotropis]K64 | `--D. rugatusK64 |--Paracymatoceras Spath 1927K64 | |--*P. asperum (Oppel in Zittel 1868) [=Nautilus asper]K64 | `--P. texanumK64 |--Procymatoceras Spath 1927K64 | |--*P. subtruncatum (Morris & Lycett 1850) [=Nautilus subtruncatus]K64 | `--P. baberi (Morris & Lycett 1850)K93 `--Cymatoceras Hyatt 1884 [incl. Neocymatoceras Kobayashi 1954]K64 |--*C. pseudoelegans (d’Orbigny 1840) [=Nautilus pseudoelegans]K64 |--C. julii (D’Orbigny 1850)K93 |--C. lineatumT64 |--C. sharpeiK64 `--C. tsukushiense (Kobayashi 1954)K93
Cenoceras Hyatt 1884 [incl. Digonioceras Hyatt 1894, Nautilites Zieten 1830 non Pallas 1771, Ophionautilus Spath 1927, Sphaeronautilus Spath 1927]K64
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[BRW98] Beesley, P. L., G. J. B. Ross & A. Wells (eds) 1998. Fauna of Australia vol. 5. Mollusca: The Southern Synthesis. Part A. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.
[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1–167.
[H84] Hyatt, A. 1883–1884. Genera of fossil cephalopods. Boston Soc. Nat. History, Proc. 22: 253–338.
[K79] Kauffman, E. G. 1979. Cretaceous. In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A418–A487. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).
[K93] King, A. H. 1993. Mollusca: Cephalopoda (Nautiloidea). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 169–188. Chapman & Hall: London.
[K64] Kummel, B. 1964. Nautiloidea—Nautilida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt K. Mollusca 3. Cephalopoda—General Features—Endoceratoidea—Actinoceratoidea—Nautiloidea—Bactritoidea pp. K383–K457. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press.
[T64] Teichert, C. 1964. Morphology of hard parts. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt K. Mollusca 3. Cephalopoda—General Features—Endoceratoidea—Actinoceratoidea—Nautiloidea—Bactritoidea pp. K13–K53. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press.