Oniscidea

Belongs within: Scuticoxifera.
Contains: Synocheta, Crinocheta.

The Oniscidea contain the terrestrial isopods, the familiar woodlice. Characters supporting this group include pseudotracheal pleopods and a minute antenna I (Brandt & Poore 2003). Some members of the group are amphibious or littoral, but most are fully terrestrial.

Tylos are supra-littoral isopods distinguished by the ability to roll into a ball, and the presence of a well-developed process on the front of the head. The Ligiidae, rock slaters, are found on rocky shores and are characterised by a long second antenna with ten or more flagellar articles, and very long and slender uropod rami (Muchmore 1990). Ligiids have two distinct genital apophyses in males.

<==Oniscidea [Cloportides, Oniscides, Oniscodea, Oniscoida]
    |  i. s.: Mexiconiscus Schultz 1964 [incl. Xilitloniscus Bowman 1965]S86
    |           `--M. laevis (Rioja 1956)S86
    |         Lucasius pallidus [=Porcellio pallidus]S77
    |         Alloniscus Dana 1854 [Alloniscidae]JP13
    |           |--A. nicobaricus Budde-Lund 1885V73
    |           |--A. oahuensis Budde-Lund 1885V73
    |           |--A. pallidulus Budde-Lund 1885JP13
    |           `--A. perconvexusH47
    |--Tylos Latreille 1826BP03 [Tylinae, Tylidae, TylomorphaMD01]
    |    |--*T. latreilleiB94
    |    |--T. australis Lewis & Bishop 1990BP03
    |    |--T. bilobusL91
    |    |--T. europaeusPP64
    |    |--T. neozelanicusV73
    |    |--T. niveusM90
    |    |--T. nudulus Budde-Lund 1906L91
    |    |--T. punctatusM90
    |    |--T. sardousPP64
    |    `--T. tantabiddyi Lewis 1991L91
    `--LigiamorphaMD01
         |--+--SynochetaMD01
         |  `--CrinochetaMD01
         `--DiplochetaMD01
              |--MesoniscusM78 [MesoniscidaeMD01]
              |    `--M. alpicolaM78
              `--LigiidaeMD01
                   |--Euphiloscia elrodiiH47
                   |--Ligioides Wahrberg 1922V73
                   |    `--L. intermedius Wahrberg 1922V73
                   |--LigidiumM90
                   |    |--L. elrodiiM90
                   |    |--L. (Ligidium) gracileH47
                   |    |--L. longicaudatumH47
                   |    `--L. splendidum Strouhal 1940BWW93
                   `--Ligia Fabricius 1798JP13 [incl. LigydaMK83]
                        |--L. australiensis Dana 1853 [=L. gaudichaudii var. australiensis]V73
                        |--L. exotica Roux 1828JP13
                        |--L. italicaPP64
                        |--L. novaezelandiaeHS01
                        |--L. oceanicaH47
                        `--L. (Ligia) pallasiiH47

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[B94] Bock, W. J. 1994. History and nomenclature of avian family-group names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 222: 1–281.

[BP03] Brandt, A., & G. C. B. Poore. 2003. Higher classification of the flabelliferan and related Isopoda based on a reappraisal of relationships. Invertebrate Systematics 17: 893–923.

[BWW93] Briggs, D. E. G., M. J. Weedon & M. A. Whyte. 1993. Arthropoda (Crustacea excluding Ostracoda). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 321–342. Chapman & Hall: London.

[H47] Hatch, M. H. 1947. The Chelifera and Isopoda of Washington and adjacent regions. University of Washington Publications in Biology 10 (5): 155–274.

[HS01] Hayward, B. W., A. B. Stephenson, M. S. Morley, W. M. Blom, H. R. Grenfell, F. J. Brook, J. L. Riley, F. Thompson & J. J. Hayward. 2001. Marine biota of Parengarenga Harbour, Northland, New Zealand. Records of the Auckland Museum 37: 45–80.

[JP13] Judd, S., & G. Perina. 2013. An illustrated key to the morphospecies of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Oniscidea) of Barrow Island, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 185–207.

[L91] Lewis, F. 1991. A new species of Tylos Audouin (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Tylidae) from Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 15 (1): 109–116.

[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.

[M78] Martens, J. 1978. Spinnentiere, Arachnida: Weberknechte, Opiliones. Gustav Fischer Verlag: Jena.

[MK83] Menzies, R. J., & W. L. Kruczynski. 1983. Isopod Crustacea (exclusive of Epicaridea). Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 6 (1): 1–126.

[M90] Muchmore, W. B. 1990. Terrestrial Isopoda. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 805–817. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d’Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.

[S77] Schmalfuss, H. 1977. Eine neue Nagurus-Art aus der Süd-Agäis (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscoidea: Trachelipidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 57 (4–6): 359–365.

[S86] Sket, B. 1986. Isopoda: Oniscidea. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 482–485. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[V73] Vandel, A. 1973. Les isopodes terrestres de l’Australie. Étude systématique et biogéographique. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Série A, Zoologie 82: 1–171.