Belongs within: Tabanidae.
Contains: Pangonia (Pangonia), Pangonia (Erephrosis).
The Pangoniini are a group of horse flies characterised by the presence of apical spurs on the hind tibia, an undivided tergite 9, and male terminalia with a bifid stylus (Pechuman & Teskey 1981). They include a group of species belonging to the genera Pangonia and Esenbeckia possessing a particularly long and slender proboscis, together with an unexpanded, chitinised labella and a closed cell R5
in the wing (Mackerras 1954).
<==PangoniiniB09 |--Stonemyia Brennan 1935PT81, B38 | `--S. tranquillaB09 |--Brennania heraPT81 |--Asaphomyia floridensisPT81 |--Chaetopalpus coracinusM54 |--Parasilvius fulvusM54 |--Ectenopsis (Paranopsis Mackerras 1955)M54, B96 | |--E. (*P.) lutulentus (Hutton 1901) [=Apatolestes lutulentus]B96 | `--E. (P.) mackerrasi Burger 1996B96 |--CaenoprosoponM54 |--ProtodasyaphaM54 |--Corizoneura Rond. 1863M54, R00a | |--C. albifrons Bigot 1892R00a | |--C. alternans Macq. 1855R00a | |--C. angusta Macq. 1846R00a | |--C. ‘angusta’ Bigot 1892 non Macq. 1846R00a | |--C. annulata Bigot 1892R00b | |--C. anthracina Macq. 1846R00a | |--C. brachyrhyncha Bigot 1892R00a | |--C. brevipalpis Macq. 1846R00a | |--C. brunnipennis Loew 1860R00a | |--C. chrysophila (Walker 1848) [=Tabanus chrysophilus; incl. Pangonia aurofasciata Jaennicke 1868]R00a | |--C. directa Walker 1850R00a | |--C. dives Macq. 1846R00a | |--C. erratica (Walker 1848) [=Tabanus erraticus]R00a | |--C. fera Williston 1886R00b | |--C. fulva Macq. 1850R00a | |--C. lateralis Fabr. 1805R00a | |--C. leucopicta Bigot 1892R00a | |--C. longipalpis Macq. 1837R00b | |--C. longirostrisR00b | |--C. neocaledonica Mégnin 1878R00a | |--C. nigricornis Bigot 1892R00a | |--C. nigrosignata Thomson 1868R00a | |--C. pallidipennis Ricardo 1900R00a | |--C. parva Walker 1848R00a | |--C. rubiginosa Bigot 1892R00a | |--C. ruficornis Bigot 1892R00b | |--C. rufovittata Macq. 1846R00a | |--C. suavis Loew 1860R00a | |--C. subfascia Walker 1854R00a | |--C. sulcifrons Macq. 1855R00a | |--C. taprobanes Walker 1854R00b | |--C. tigris Bigot 1880R00b | |--C. trichocera Bigot 1892R00a | |--C. umbratipennis Ricardo 1900R00a | |--C. varicolor Wiedem. 1828R00a | |--C. velutina Bigot 1892R00b | |--C. vulpes Macq. 1837R00b | `--C. zigzag Macq. 1850R00a |--PilimasPT81 | |--P. californicusPT81 | `--P. ruficornisPT81 |--Apatolestes Williston 1885PT81, R00a | |--*A. comastes Williston 1885R00a | | |--A. c. comastesM54 | | `--A. c. willistoniM54 | `--A. eisenii Townsend 1895R00a |--Pangonia Latreille 1802 [incl. Sackenymia Bigot 1879]R00a | | i. s.: P. amboinensis Fabr. 1805R00b | | P. analis Fabr. 1805 [=Sackenymia analis]R00b | | P. appendiculata Macq. 1838R00a | | P. atra Philippi 1865R00b | | P. aurulans Wiedem. 1830R00b | | P. australis Philippi 1865R00b | | P. chlorogaster Philippi 1865R00b | | P. chrysocoma Osten Sacken 1877R00b | | P. chrysopila Macq. 1834R00a | | P. collaris Philippi 1865R00b | | P. concolorR00a | | P. conjungens Walker 1848R00a | | P. diaphana Schiner 1866R00b | | P. dorsalis Macq. 1838R00a | | P. fasciata Macq. 1837R00b | | P. fascipennis Macq. 1837R00b | | P. flavaR00b | | P. flavipes Macq. 1838R00a | | P. funebris Macq. 1846R00a | | P. hebes Walker 1848R00b | | P. hera Osten Sacken 1877R00b | | P. incisa Wiedem. 1830R00b | | P. inconspicua Walker 1848R00b | | P. isabellinus (Wiedem. 1830) [=Silvius isabellinus]R00b | | P. lasiophthalma Boisduval 1832 [incl. P. fuligineuse Boisduval 1832]R00a | | P. leucomelas Wiedem. 1828R00a | | P. lingens Wiedem. 1830R00b | | P. lugubris Macq. 1837R00b | | P. macquartii Guérin 1830R00b | | P. macroglossa Westwood 1835R00b | | P. maculiventris Westwood 1835R00a | | P. marginalis Wiedem. 1830R00b | | ‘Pangonius’ mauretanusM54 [=Tabanus mauritanicusL02; incl. P. mauretanus var. aethiopsM54] | | P. molesta Wiedem. 1830R00b | | P. nigripennis Guérin 1830R00b | | P. nobilis Wiedem. 1828R00a | | P. obscuripennis Philippi 1865R00b | | P. pictaR00b | | P. pigra Osten Sacken 1877R00b | | P. ramulifera Loew 1863R00a | | P. rasaR00b | | P. roei King 1827R00a | | P. semilivida (Bigot 1891) [=Sackenymia semilivida]R00a | | P. senegalensis Macq. 1834R00a | | P. spiloptera Wiedem. 1828R00a | | P. subandina Philippi 1865R00b | | P. subfasciata Walker 1870R00b | | P. suturalis Rond. 1848R00b | | P. thoracica Wiedem. 1828R00a | | P. ‘thoracica’ Guérin 1830 non Wiedem. 1828R00b | | P. tranquilla Osten Sacken 1877R00b | | P. venosa Wiedem. 1830R00b | | P. vittata Philippi 1865R00b | | P. vulpesR00a | |--P. (Pangonia)R00a | `--P. (Erephrosis)R00a |--EsenbeckiaB09 | |--E. deltaB09 | |--E. (Proboscoides) ecuadorensisB09 | | |--E. e. ecuadorensisB09 | | `--E. e. chagresensisB09 | `--E. (Esenbeckia) peruvianaB09 `--DiatomineuraR00a |--D. albicostata Macq. 1838R00a |--D. albithorax Macq. 1837R00b |--D. aperta Loew 1853R00b |--D. aurata Macq. 1838R00a |--D. auriflua (Donovan 1805) [=Tabanus aurifluus; incl. Pangonis solida Walker 1848]R00a |--D. barbataR00a |--D. brevirostris Macq. 1850R00a |--D. californica Bigot 1892R00b |--D. caliginosa Walker 1865R00a |--D. carnea Bigot 1892R00a |--D. clavata Macq. 1838R00a |--D. concolor Walker 1850R00a |--D. constans Walker 1850R00a |--D. crassa Walker 1848R00a |--D. dives Williston 1886R00b |--D. dorsoguttata Macq. 1837R00b |--D. dorsomaculata Macq. 1850R00a |--D. exeuns Walker 1850R00b |--D. fulvifascia Walker 1848R00a |--D. gagantina Bigot 1892R00a |--D. gemella Walker 1848R00a |--D. grisea Jaennicke 1866R00b |--D. hirtipalpis Bigot 1892R00b |--D. jacksoniensis Guérin 1830R00a |--D. jucunda Jaennicke 1866R00b |--D. lasiophthalma Wulp 1887R00b |--D. latipalpis Macq. 1837R00b |--D. lerda White in Walker 1850 [=Tabanus lerda White in Butler 1876]R00a |--D. leucothorax Ricardo 1900R00b |--D. limbithoraxR00b |--D. minima Ricardo 1900R00a |--D. morio Wulp 1881R00b |--D. patula Walker 1848R00a |--D. plana Walker 1848R00a |--D. pyrausta Sacken 1887R00b |--D. rhinophora Bellardi 1859R00b |--D. rufa Macq. 1837R00b |--D. ruficornis Macq. 1838R00a |--D. subappendiculata Macq. 1850R00a |--D. tabanipennis Macq. 1837R00b |--D. testacea Macq. 1838R00a |--D. testaceomaculata Macq. 1850R00a |--D. unicolor Macq. 1837R00b |--D. violacea Macq. 1850R00a `--D. viridiventris Macq. 1838R00b
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B38] Brennan, J. M. 1938. Some indications of the taxonomic value of the male genitalia of Tabanidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (4): 112.
[B96] Burger, J. F. 1996. A new species of Ectenopsis (Paranopsis) (Diptera: Tabanidae) from New Zealand and a key to species of the subgenus Paranopsis. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (2): 264–266.
[B09] Burger, J. F. 2009. Tabanidae (horse flies, deer flies, tabanos). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 495–507. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.
[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.
[M54] Mackerras, I. M. 1954. The classification and distribution of Tabanidae (Diptera). I. General review. Australian Journal of Zoology 2 (3): 431–454.
[PT81] Pechuman, L. L., & H. J. Teskey. 1981. Tabanidae. In: McAlpine, J. F., B. V. Peterson, G. E. Shewell, H. J. Teskey, J. R. Vockeroth & D. S. Wood (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 1 pp. 463–478. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.
[R00a] Ricardo, G. 1900a. Notes on the Pangoninae of the family Tabanidae in the British Museum collection. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 5: 97–121, pl. 1.
[R00b] Ricardo, G. 1900b. Notes on the Pangoninae of the family Tabanidae in the British Museum collection (concluded). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 5: 167–182.