Belongs within: Phthiraptera.
Contains: Columbicola, Brueelia, Austrogoniodes.
The Philopteridae are a group of lice parasitic on birds, characterised by paired claws on the legs, a smoothly curved front margin on the clypeus, and a cylindrical last antennal segment (Richards & Davies 1977).
<==Philopteridae
|--Saemundssonia Timmermann 1936GE05, HPP80
| |--S. africanaCM91
| |--S. calvaA71
| |--S. celidoxaA71
| |--S. cephalus (Denny 1842) (see below for synonymy)P04
| |--S. desolata Timmermann 1959HPP80
| |--S. fraterculaeA71
| |--S. gaini (Neumann 1913)HPP80
| |--S. grylleA71
| |--S. lari (Fabricius 1780)HPP80
| |--S. lockleyi Clay 1949HPP80
| |--S. merguliA71
| |--S. platygasterCM91
| |--S. stammeri Timmermann 1959HPP80
| `--S. stresemanni Timmermann 1949HPP80
`--+--AustrogoniodesGE05
`--+--Trabeculus Rudow 1866GE05, HPP80
| |--T. flemingiGE05
| `--+--T. hexakon (Waterston 1914)GE05, HPP80
| `--T. schillingi Rudow 1866GE05, HPP80
`--+--HarrisoniellaGE05
| |--H. densaRD77
| `--H. hopkinsiGE05
`--Halipeurus Thompson 1936GE05, HPP80
|--H. consimilis Timmermann 1960GE05, HPP80
`--+--H. pelagicusGE05
`--+--H. falsusGE05
| |--H. f. falsusHPP80
| `--H. f. pacificus Edwards 1961HPP80
`--+--H. diversus (Kellogg 1896)GE05, HPP80
`--H. spadixGE05
Philopteridae incertae sedis:
Anatoecus Cummings 1916 [incl. Benatoecus Zlotorzycka 1970, Cereopsoecus Kéler 1960]PB96
|--*A. icterodes (Nitzsch 1818) [=Philopterus (Docophorus) icterodes]PB96
| |--A. i. icterodesPB96
| `--A. i. oloris Zlotorzycka 1970PB96
|--A. clayae (Kéler 1960) [=*Cereopsoecus clayae]PB96
|--A. dentatus (Scopoli 1763) [=Pediculus dentatus, *Benatoecus dentatus]PB96
| |--A. d. dentatusPB96
| `--A. d. magnicornutus Zlotorzycka 1970 [=A. (Benatoecus) dentatus magnicornutus]PB96
`--A. pygaspis (Nitzsch in Giebel 1866)PJ02
Megalipeurus von Kéler 1958T62
`--M. unicolor (Piaget 1880) (see below for synonymy)T62
Anaticola Clay 1935HPP80
|--*A. crassicornis (Scopoli 1763) (see below for synonymy)PB96
| |--A. c. crassicornisPB96
| `--A. c. nyrocae (Rudow 1870) (see below for synonymy)PB96
|--A. anseris (Linnaeus 1758) [=Pediculus anseris, Philopterus (Lipeurus) jejunus Nitzsch 1818]PB96
|--A. australis (Rudow 1869) (see below for synonymy)PB96
|--A. ewingi (Qadri 1935) [=Columbicola ewingi]T62
|--A. megaceros (Johnston & Harrison 1912) (see below for synonymy)PB96
`--A. phoenicopteri (Coinde 1859)PJ02
Turturicola Clay & Meinertzhagen 1937T62
|--*T. salimalii Clay & Meinertzhagen 1937T62
`--T. sudanicus (Mjöberg 1910) [=Lipeurus sudanicus, Columbicola sudanicus]T62
Philopterus Nitzsch 1818HPP80
|--P. atratusA71
|--P. communis [incl. Ricinus emberizae]G20
|--P. corviA71
|--P. guttatusA71
|--P. ocellatusA71
`--P. turdi (Denny 1842)HPP80
Nesiotinus Kellogg 1903BP04
`--N. demersus Kellogg 1903BP04
ColumbicolaT62
DocophorusK08
|--D. episcopi Kellogg 1908K08
|--D. indicusK08
|--D. platystomusK08
|--D. sphenophorusK08
`--D. unifasciatusK08
LipeurusCM91
|--L. afer Kellogg 1908K08
|--L. bifasciatusK08
|--L. caponisCM91
|--L. hebraeusK08
|--L. heterographusRD77
|--L. platalearumK08
|--L. secretariusK08
`--L. versicolorK08
BrueeliaPB96
DahlemhorniaCM91
Cuclotogaster heterographusCM91
Goniocotes Burmeister 1838CM91, BP04
|--G. bidentatusRD77
`--G. gallinaeCM91
Degeeriella rufaRD77, T62
Ardeicola Clay 1935 [incl. Threskardeicola Eichler 1982]PB96
|--*A. ardeae (Linnaeus 1758) [=Pediculus ardeae, Esthiopterum ardeae]PB96
|--A. australis Hajela & Tandan 1967PB96
|--A. expallidus Blagoveshtchensky 1940 (see below for synonymy)PB96
|--A. harrisoni Hajela & Tandan 1970PB96
|--A. ibis (Le Souëf & Bullen 1902) (see below for synonymy)PB96
|--A. pilgrimi Tandan 1972HPP80
|--A. plataleae (Linnaeus 1758) [=Pediculus plataleae]PB96
|--A. rhaphidius (Nitzsch in Giebel 1866) [=Lipeurus rhaphidius]PB96
`--A. stellaris (Denny 1842) [=Lipeurus stellaris; incl. L. botauri Osborn 1896]PB96
Docophoroides Giglioli 1864HPP80
|--D. brevisRD77
|--D. harrisoni Waterston 1917HPP80
|--D. murphyi (Kellogg 1914)HPP80
`--D. simplex (Waterston 1914)HPP80
Haffneria Timmermann 1966HPP80
`--H. grandis (Piaget 1880)HPP80
Naubates Bedford 1930HPP80
|--N. prioni (Enderlein 1908)HPP80
`--N. pterodromi Bedford 1930HPP80
Paraclisis Timmermann 1965HPP80
|--P. diomedeae (Fabricius 1775)HPP80
`--P. obscura (Rudow 1869)HPP80
Pectinopygus Mjöberg 1910HPP80
|--P. dispar (Piaget 1880)HPP80
`--P. gyricornis (Denny 1842)HPP80
Pelmatocerandra Enderlein 1908HPP80
`--P. setosa (Giebel 1876)HPP80
Perineus Harrison 1936HPP80
`--P. circumfasciatus Kéler 1957HPP80
Pseudonirmus Mjöberg 1910HPP80
`--P. gurli (Taschenberg 1882)HPP80
Quadraceps Clay & Meinertzhagen 1939HPP80
|--Q. coenocoryphae Timmermann 1955HPP80
|--Q. punctatus (Burmeister 1838)HPP80
`--Q. sellatus (Burmeister 1838)HPP80
PicicolaRC02
EpisbatesPB96
Bedfordiella Thompson 1937PB96
`--*B. unica Thompson 1937 [incl. B. simsi Timmermann 1961]PB96
Acidoproctus Piaget 1878 [=Akidoproctus Piaget 1880; incl. Heteroproctus Harrison 1915]PB96
|--A. rostratus (Rudow 1866) [=Ornithobius rostratus; incl. *Akidoproctus marginatus Piaget 1878]PB96
|--A. emersoni Timmermann 1962PB96
|--A. hilli (Harrison 1915) [=*Heteroproctus hilli]PB96
`--A. moschatae (Linnaeus 1758) [=Pediculus moschatae]PB96
Alcedoecus Clay & Meinetzhagen 1939 [incl. Halcyonicola Uchida 1948]PB96
|--*A. capistratus (Neumann 1912) [=Philopterus capistratus]PB96
|--A. alatoclypeatus (Piaget 1885) [=Docophorus alatoclypeatus, *Halcyonicola alatoclypeatus]PB96
`--A. delphax (Nitzsch in Giebel 1866) [=Docophorus delphax]PB96
Campanulotes Kéler 1939 [incl. Saussurites Tendeiro 1971]PB96
|--C. bidentatus (Scopoli 1763) [=Pediculus bidentatus]PB96
| |--C. b. bidentatusPB96
| `--*C. b. compar (Burmeister 1838) [=Goniocotes compar]PB96
|--C. defectusGE05
`--C. flavus (Rudow 1869) [=Goniodes flavus, *Saussurites flavus]PB96
|--C. f. flavusPB96
`--C. f. elegans (Tendeiro 1978) [=Saussurites flavus elegans]PB96
Carduiceps Clay & Meinertzhagen 1939PB96
`--*C. complexivus (Kellogg & Chapman 1899) [=Nirmus complexivus, Degeeriella complexiva]PB96
Anaticola australis (Rudow 1869) [=Lipeurus australis; incl. Esthiopterum anseris novaehollandiae Wundrig 1936]PB96
*Anaticola crassicornis (Scopoli 1763) [=Pediculus crassicornis, Esthiopterum crassicorne; incl. P. anatis Schrank 1781; incl. Lipeurus squalidus major Piaget 1880, Philopterus (Lipeurus) squalidus Nitzsch 1818]PB96
Anaticola crassicornis nyrocae (Rudow 1870) [=Lipeurus nyrocae Rudow 1870, L. cinereus Rudow 1869 non Nitzsch in Giebel 1866]PB96
Anaticola megaceros (Johnston & Harrison 1912) [=Lipeurus anatis megaceros, L. squalidus antennatus Piaget 1880 non L. antennatus Giebel 1874]PB96
Ardeicola expallidus Blagoveshtchensky 1940 [=A. expallida; incl. A. albulus Eichler 1948, A. gaibagla Ansari 1947]PB96
Ardeicola ibis (Le Souëf & Bullen 1902) [=Lipeurus ibis, *Threskardeicola ibis, Esthiopterum ibidis Harrison 1916]PB96
Brueelia menuraelyrae (Coinde 1859) [=Nirmus menuraelyrae; incl. N. menura Le Souëf & Bullen 1902, Docophorus paraboliceps Piaget 1890 non Nirmus paraboliceps Piaget 1880, Degeeriella submarginalis Johnston & Harrison 1912, N. submarginellus Nitzsch in Giebel 1866, *Xobugirado submarginellus]PB96
Megalipeurus unicolor (Piaget 1880) [=Lipeurus unicolor, Oxylipeurus unicolor; incl. Lipeurus piageti Taschenberg 1882, Columbicola longiceps piageti]T62
Saemundssonia cephalus (Denny 1842) [incl. Docophorus atlanticus Kellogg 1914, Philopterus atlanticus, Saemundssonia atlantica]P04
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.
[BP04] Banks, J. C., & A. M. Paterson. 2004. A penguin-chewing louse (Insecta: Phthiraptera) phylogeny derived from morphology. Invertebrate Systematics 18: 89–100.
[CM91] Calaby, J. H., & M. D. Murray. 1991. Phthiraptera (lice). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 421–428. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).
[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.
[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.
[HPP80] Horning, D. S., R. L. Palma & R. L. C. Pilgrim. 1980. The lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from the Snares Islands, New Zealand. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series 3: 1–17.
[K08] Kellogg, V. L. 1908. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Zoologischen Expedition nach dem Kilimandjaro, dem Meru und den Umgebenden Massaisteppen Deutsch-Ostafrikas 1905–1906 vol. 3 section 15. Corrodentia pt 4. Mallophaga. Almqvist & Wiksells Boktryckeri-A. B.: Uppsala.
[P04] Palma, R. L. 2004. Designation of a lectotype for Docophorus atlanticus Kellogg, 1914 (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae). Tuhinga 15: 13–16.
[PB96] Palma, R. L., & S. C. Barker. 1996. Phthiraptera. In: A. Wells (ed.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 26. Psocoptera, Phthiraptera, Thysanoptera pp. 81–247. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.
[PJ02] Palma, R. L., A. R. Johnson, F. Cezilly, F. Thomas & F. Renard. 2002. Diversity and distribution of feather lice on greater flamingoes (Phoenicopterus ruber roseus) in the Camargue, sothern France. New Zealand Entomologist 25: 87–89.
[RC02] Rasmussen, P. C., & N. J. Collar. 2002. Family Bucconidae (puffbirds). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & J. Sargatal (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 7. Jacamars to Woodpeckers pp. 102–138. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.
[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms’ General Textbook of Entomology 10th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.
[T62] Tendeiro, J. 1962. Estudos sobre malófagos: revisão monográfica do género Columbicola Ewing (Ischnocera, Philopteridae). Memórias da Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, ser. 2, 32: 7–460.