Belongs within: Heterotremata.
The Pilumnidae are a family of benthic crabs commonly known as hairy crabs, due to many species bearing a covering of long setae. One less hairy subgroup, the Eumedoninae, lives as symbionts of echinoderms such as sea urchins. Members of this subfamily have unusual-shaped carapaces with the frontal margin greatly projected anteriorly.
Characters (Davie 2002): Carapace hexagonal, transversely rectangular or transversely ovate; dorsal surface convex, smooth or granular; frontal margin entire, bilobate or multilobate; anterolateral margins typically with 1-4 teeth, lobes or spines. Endostome with crests defining efferent branchial channels more or less well developed and continued to anterior border of buccal cavity. Claws subequal or markedly unequal, similar or dissimilar in form. Legs stout, short to moderately long. Abdomen of male with seven movable segments; elongate and narrow, covering most of sternite 4; abdomino-sternal locking mechanism present; genital openings coxal or coxo-sternal. Male first gonopod slender, sinuous, tip typically simple, recurved; second gonopod very short and sigmoid.
<==Pilumnidae [Galenidae]
|--Galene de Haan 1833 [Galeninae]CA04
| `--G. bispinosa (Herbst 1783)HS15
|--Halimede [Halimedidae, Halimedinae]MD01
| `--H. ochtodes (Herbst 1783)HS15
|--Eumedoninae [Eumedonidae]TSH09
| |--EchinoecusTSH09 [incl. Proechinoecus Ward 1934JG19]
| | |--E. pentagonus Milne Edwards 1879TSH09
| | `--E. sculptus (Ward 1934) [=Proechinoecus sculptus]JG19
| |--Harrovia elegans De Man 1887TSH09, HS15
| |--Tiaramedon spinosum (Miers 1879)TSH09
| `--Eumedonus niger Milne Edwards 1834MG-H11
`--PilumninaeB64
|--Heteropilumnus longipes (Stimpson 1858)TSH09
|--Viaderiana quadrispinosa (Zehntner 1894)TSH09
|--Glabropilumnus Balss 1932B64
| |--*G. dispar (Dana 1852) [=Pseudozius dispar, Sphaerozius dispar; incl. Pilumnus nitidus Milne Edwards 1873]B64
| |--G. edamensis [=Pilumnus edamensis]B64
| |--G. laevis [=Pilumnus laevis]B64
| `--G. seminudus [=Pilumnus seminudus]B64
`--Pilumnus Leach 1815CA04
|--P. bleekeri Miers 1880HS15
|--P. guinotae Takeda & Miyake 1968HS15
|--P. hirsutus Stimpson 1858KK03
|--P. hirtellus (Linnaeus 1761)KK03
|--P. kingstoni (Rathbun 1923)MG-H11
|--P. lacteus Stimpson 1871B64
|--P. longicornis Hilgendorf 1878HS15
|--P. lumpinus Bennett 1964 [=P. confusa ms]B64
|--P. merodentatus Nobili 1906HS15
|--P. minutus (De Haan 1835)TSH09
|--P. novaezelandiae Filhol 1886 (see below for synonymy)B64
|--P. orbitospinus Rathbun 1911HS15
|--P. pulcher Miers 1884HS15
|--P. scabriusculus Adams & White 1849HS15
|--P. semilanatus Miers 1884J90
|--P. spinicarpus Grant & McCulloch 1906MG-H11
|--P. spinifer Milne-Edwards 1834KK03
|--P. tomentosusB64
|--P. vermiculatus Milne Edwards 1873TSH09
|--P. vespertilio (Fabricius 1793)TSH09
`--P. villosusR26
Pilumnidae incertae sedis:
Actumnus Dana 1851CA04
|--A. dorsipes (Stimpson 1858)HS15
|--A. elegans De Man 1887HS15
|--A. setifer (De Haan 1835)J90
`--A. squamosus (De Haan 1835)HS15
Lobogalenopsis Müller & Collins 1991CA04
Pilumnomimus Müller & Collins 1991CA04
Pulalius Schweitzer et al. 2000CA04
Tumidocarcinus forsteri Aguirre-Urreta et al. 1995CA04
ParatumidocarcinusCA04
Maingrapsus Tessier et al. 1999CA04
Paracorallicarcinus Tessier et al. 1999CA04
Georgeoplax Türkay 1983CA04
Pilumnopeus Milne Edwards 1863CA04
|--P. serratifronsB64
`--P. vanquelini (Audouin 1826)KK03
Baricarcinus Casadío, de Angeli et al. 2004CA04
`--*B. mariae Casadío, de Angeli et al. 2004CA04
BathypilumnusHS15
|--B. nigrispinifer (Griffin 1970)HS15
`--B. pugilator (Milne Edwards 1873)MG-H11
Caecopilumnus piroculatus (Rathbun 1911)MG-H11
Cryptolutea arafurensis Davie & Humphreys 1997MG-H11
Mertonia lanka Laurie 1906MG-H11
ParaselwyniaMG-H11
Benthopanope estuarius Davie 1989HS15
Ceratocarcinus longimanus White 1847HS15
Eurycarcinus natalensis (Krauss 1843)HS15
Gonatonotus pentagonus White 1847HS15
HeteropanopeHS15
|--H. glabra Stimpson 1858HS15
|--H. longipedes Davie 1989HS15
`--H. serratifrons Kinahan 1856B64
Lentilumnus latimanus Gordon 1834HS15
LophopilumnusHS15
|--L. cristipes (Calman 1900)HS15
`--L. globosus Davie 1988HS15
Permanotus purpureus (Gordon 1934)HS15
Pseudolitochira integra (Miers 1884)HS15
Serenepilumnus pisifer (MacLeay 1838)HS15
Serenolumnus kasijani (Serène 1969)HS15
Typhlocarcinops tonsuratus Griffin & Campbell 1969HS15
VellumnusHS15
|--V. labyrinthicus (Miers 1884)HS15
`--V. vermiculatus (Milne-Edwards 1873)HS15
Pilumnus novaezelandiae Filhol 1886 [=P. tomentosus novaezelandiae; incl. P. maori Borradaile 1916, P. novaezelandiae var. spinosa Filhol 1886]B64
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B64] Bennett, E. W. 1964. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Crustacea Brachyura. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 153: 1–120.
[CA04] Casadío, S., A. de Angeli, R. M. Feldmann, A. Garassino, J. L. Hetler, A. Parras & C. E. Schweitzer. 2004. New decapod crustaceans (Thalassinidea, Galatheoidea, Brachyura) from the Middle Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina. Annals of Carnegie Museum 73 (2): 25–47.
Davie, P. J. F. 2002. Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 19.3B. Crustacea: Malacostraca: Eucarida (Part 2). Decapoda—Anomura, Brachyura. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).
[HS15] Hosie, A. M., A. Sampey, P. J. F. Davie & D. S. Jones. 2015. Kimberley marine biota. Historical data: crustaceans. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 84: 247–285.
[JG19] James, D. J., P. T. Green, W. F. Humphreys & J. C. Z. Woinarski. 2019. Endemic species of Christmas Island, Indian Ocean. Records of the Western Australian Museum 34 (2): 55–114.
[J90] Jones, D. S. 1990. Annotated checklist of marine decapod Crustacea from Shark Bay, Western Australia. In: Berry, P. F., S. D. Bradshaw & B. R. Wilson (eds) Research in Shark Bay: Report of the France-Australe Bicentenary Expedition Committee pp. 169–208. Western Australian Museum.
[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.
[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.
[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.
[R26] Risso, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l’Europe méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes vol. 5. F.-G. Levrault: Paris.
[TSH09] Titelius, M. A., A. Sampey & C. G. Hass. 2009. Crustaceans of Mermaid (Rowley Shoals), Scott and Seringapatam Reefs, north Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 77: 145–176.