Belongs within: Roperculina.
The Sanguisorbeae is a clade within the Rosaceae supported by molecular analysis, defined by Eriksson et al. (2003) as all taxa more closely related to Sanguisorba officinalis than to Rosa cinnamomea, Potentilla reptans or Fragaria vesca. Members of the subtribe Sanguisorbinae are distinguished by the absence of a corolla. The petalous Agrimoniinae are supported as a clade by molecular data (Eriksson et al. 2003).
Acaena is a primarily Southern Hemisphere genus of herbs and subshrubs bearing flowers in capitate or spicate inflorescences, usually with a spinose cupule (Allan 1961). Polylepis is a genus of Andean trees and shrubs that form woodlands at unusually high altitudes, above the normal tree-line.
<==Sanguisorbeae
|--AgrimoniinaeEH03
| |--AgrimoniaEH03
| | |--A. eupatoriaEH03
| | |--A. gryposepalaH93
| | `--A. proceraGR98
| `--+--Aremonia agrimonioidesEH03
| |--Leucosidea sericeaEH03
| `--Hagenia Gmel. 1791EH03, KC01
| `--H. abyssinicaEH03
`--SanguisorbinaeEH03
| i. s.: BencomiaEH03
| CliffortiaEH03
| DendriopoteriumEH03
| MarcetellaEH03
| Poterium sanguisorbaEH03, A61 [incl. Acaena huttoni Br. 1884A61]
| Sarcopoterium spinosum Linnaeus 1846EH03, PL04
|--SanguisorbaEH03
| |--*S. officinalisEH03 [incl. S. officinalis ssp. microcephalaH93]
| |--S. annuaH93
| |--S. diandraO88
| |--S. minorH93
| | |--S. m. ssp. minorH93
| | `--S. m. ssp. muricataH93 [=Poterium muricatumC06; incl. P. polygamumH90]
| |--S. occidentalisH93
| `--S. parvifloraEH03
`--+--Tetraglochin cristatumEH03
|--MargyricarpusEH03
|--PolylepisEH03
| |--P. besseriRJ11
| |--P. hieronymiEH03
| `--P. tarapacanaEH03
`--Acaena Linnaeus 1771EH03, A61
| i. s.: A. agnipilaH90
| A. caesiiglauca (Bitter) Bergmans 1939 (see below for synonymy)A61
| |--A. c. var. caesiiglaucaA61
| `--A. c. var. pilosa (Kirk) Allan 1961 [=A. sanguisorbae var. pilosa Kirk 1899]A61
| A. cylindristachyaEH03
| A. depressa Kirk 1877 (n. d.) [=A. microphylla var. depressa Kirk 1899]A61
| A. echinataGK00
| A. elegansD03
| A. inermis Hooker 1852 (see below for synonymy)A61
| A. laevigataEH03
| A. leptacanthaD03
| A. magellanicaD95
| A. multifidaD03
| A. novae-zelandiae Kirk 1871 (see below for synonymy)A61
| A. ovalifoliaD03
| A. ovinaA61
| |--A. o. var. ovinaA61
| `--A. o. var. × ambigua Kirk 1899 [A. anserinifolia × A. ovina]A61
| A. pallida (Kirk) Allan 1961 [=A. novae-zelandiae var. pallida Kirk 1899]A61
| A. pearceiD03
| A. pinnatifidaD03
| |--A. p. var. pinnatifidaH93
| `--A. p. var. californicaH93
| A. pumilaD03
| A. splendensD03
| A. viridior (Cockayne) Allan 1961 [=A. sanguisorbae var. viridior Cockayne 1916]A61
|--A. sect. AncistrumA61
| | i. s.: A. emittens Macmillan 1989M89
| | A. juvenca Macmillan 1989M89
| |--A. (subsect. Laevigatae) saccaticupula Bitter 1911 [incl. A. saccaticupula var. nana Bitter 1911]A61
| |--A. subsect. EuancistrumA61
| | |--A. ser. AncistridiumA61
| | | |--A. fissistipula Bitter 1911 (see below for synonymy)A61
| | | `--A. hirsutula Bitter 1911 (see below for synonymy)A61
| | `--A. (ser. Sanguisorbastrum) anserinifolia (Forster & Forster) Druce 1917A61 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--A. a. var. anserinifoliaA61
| | |--A. ‘minor’ var. antarctica (Cockayne) Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy)A61
| | |--A. a. var. minorME70 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--A. a. var. paucidens (Bitter) Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy)A61
| | |--A. a. var. sericeinitens (Bitter) Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy)A61
| | `--A. ‘pusilla’ var. suprasericascens Bitter 1911A61
| `--A. (subsect. Subantarcticae) adscendens Vahl 1805A61
|--A. sect. MicrophyllaeA61
| |--A. buchananii Hooker 1864 [incl. A. buchananii ssp. longissimefilamentosa Bitter in Fedde 1912]A61
| | |--A. b. var. buchananiiA61
| | |--A. b. var. inermis Bitter 1911 non A. inermis Hooker 1852A61
| | `--A. b. var. picta Allan 1961A61
| `--A. microphylla Hooker 1852 (see below for synonymy)A61
| |--A. m. var. microphyllaA61
| |--A. m. var. pallideolivacea Bitter 1911A61
| `--A. m. var. robusta Allan 1961A61
`--A. (sect. Pteracaena) glabra Buchan. 1872 (see below for synonymy)A61
Acaena anserinifolia (Forster & Forster) Druce 1917A61 [=Ancistrum anserinaefolium Forster & Forster 1776A61; incl. An. decumbens Gaertn. 1788A61, An. diandrum Forster 1786A61, Acaena sanguisorbae ssp. profundeincisa var. diminuta Bitter in Fedde 1912A61, Ac. sanguisorbae var. epilasia Bitter 1911A61, Ac. sanguisorbae var. exsudans Bitter 1911A61, Ac. sanguisorbae var. obtusata Bitter 1911A61, Ac. sanguisorbae ssp. profundeincisa Bitter 1911A61, Ac. sanguisorbae ssp. pusilla Bitter 1911A61, Ac. pusilla (Bitter) Allan 1961M89, A61, Ancistrum sanguisorbae Linn. f. 1781A61, Ac. sanguisorbae Vahl 1805A61]
Acaena anserinifolia var. minorME70 [=A. sanguisorbae var. minor Hooker 1844A61, A. minor (Hooker) Allan 1961A61]
Acaena anserinifolia var. paucidens (Bitter) Allan 1961 [=A. sanguisorbae var. paucidens Bitter in Fedde 1912]A61
Acaena anserinifolia var. sericeinitens (Bitter) Allan 1961 [=A. sanguisorbae ssp. profundeincisa var. sericeinitens Bitter 1911]A61
Acaena caesiiglauca (Bitter) Bergmans 1939 [=A. sanguisorbae ssp. caesiiglauca Bitter 1911; incl. A. sanguisorbae ssp. caesiiglauca var. brevibracteata Bitter 1911 non A. fissistipula var. brevibracteata Bitter 1911, A. sanguisorbae ssp. caesiiglauca var. involucrata Bitter 1911]A61
Acaena fissistipula Bitter 1911 [incl. A. fissistipula var. brevibracteata Bitter 1911, A. fissistipula var. longibracteata Bitter 1911, A. fissistipula var. rubristigma Bitter in Fedde 1912]A61
Acaena glabra Buchan. 1872 [incl. A. glabra var. diandra Bitter 1911, A. glabra var. heteranthera Bitter 1911]A61
Acaena hirsutula Bitter 1911 [incl. A. hirsutula var. glabricupula Bitter 1911, A. hirsutula var. hirticupula Bitter 1911]A61
Acaena inermis Hooker 1852 [=A. microphylla var. inermis (Hooker) Kirk 1899; incl. A. inermis f. breviscapa Bitter 1911, A. inermis f. longiscapa Bitter 1911]A61
Acaena microphylla Hooker 1852 [incl. A. microphylla ssp. eumicrophylla Bitter 1911, A. microphylla ssp. obscurascens Bitter 1911, A. microphylla var. pauciglochidiata Bitter 1911]A61
Acaena ‘minor’ var. antarctica (Cockayne) Allan 1961 [=A. sanguisorbae var. antarctica Cockayne 1904, A. anserinifolia var. antarctica (Cockayne) Druce 1917, A. sanguisorbae ssp. antarctica (Cockayne) Bitter in Fedde 1912; incl. A. sanguisorbae var. aucklandica Bitter 1911]A61
Acaena novae-zelandiae Kirk 1871 [=A. sanguisorbae ssp. novae-zelandiae (Kirk) Bitter 1911; incl. A. macrantha Colenso 1891, A. sanguisorbae ssp. novae-zelandiae var. subtusglaucescens Bitter 1911, A. sanguisorbae ssp. novae-zelandiae var. viridissima Bitter 1911]A61
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).
[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.
[D95] Dawson, M. I. 1995. Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora. 33. Miscellaneous species. New Zealand Journal of Botany 33: 477–487.
[D03] Dusén, P. 1903. The vegetation of western Patagonia. In: Scott, W. B. (ed.) Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899 vol. 8. Botany pp. 1–34. The University: Princeton (New Jersey).
[EH03] Eriksson, T., M. S. Hibbs, A. D. Yoder, C. F. Delwiche & M. J. Donoghue. 2003. The phylogeny of Rosoideae (Rosaceae) based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the trnL/F region of chloroplast DNA. International Journal of Plant Science 164 (2): 197–211.
[GK00] Gibson, N., & G. J. Keighery. 2000. Flora and vegetation of the Byenup-Muir reserve system, south-west Western Australia. CALMScience 3 (3): 323–402.
[GR98] Greuter, W., & T. Raus (eds.) 1998. Med-Checklist Notulae, 17. Willdenowia 28: 163–174.
[H90] Harden, G. J. (ed.) 1990. Flora of New South Wales vol. 1. New South Wales University Press.
[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).
[KC01] Kirk, P. M., P. F. Cannon, J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi 9th ed. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).
[M89] Macmillan, B. H. 1989. Acaena juvenca and Acaena emittens (Rosaceae)—two new species from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 27: 109–117.
[ME70] Moore, L. B., & E. Edgar. 1970. Flora of New Zealand vol. 2. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Monocotyledones except Gramineae. A. R. Shearer, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).
[O88] Ohba, H. 1988. The alpine flora of the Nepal Himalayas: an introductory note. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 19–46.
[PL04] Pohl, G., & I. Lenski. 2004. Zur Verbreitung und Vergesellschaftung von Pennisetum orientale Rich. in Nordeuböa (Griechenland) (Poaceae, Paniceae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 83 (2): 209–223.
[RJ11] Rising, J. D., A. Jaramillo, J. L. Copete, P. G. Ryan & S. C. Madge. 2011. Family Emberizidae (buntings and New World sparrows). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 428–683. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.