Scutellidae

Belongs within: Clypeasteroida.

The Scutellidae are a group of sand dollars known from the Oligocene and Miocene (Durham 1966).

Characters (from Durham 1966): Medium-sized to large, flattened, internal supports well developed; petals closed, outer member of pore pair subdivided; interambulacra continuous, usually as wide as ambulacra at ambitus; primordial ambulacral and interambulacral plates about equal; four genital pores; periproct on oral surface; food grooves bifurcating close to peristome.

<==ScutellidaeD66
    |--Parascutella Durham 1953D66
    |    |--*P. leognanensis (Lambert 1903) [=Scutella leognanensis]M89
    |    `--P. bonaliM89
    |--Parmulechinus Lambert 1910 [incl. Stenaster Lambert 1905 non Billings 1858]D66
    |    |--*P. agassizi (Oppenheim 1902)M89 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--P. subtetragonaM89
    `--Scutella Lamarck 1816M89 [incl. Lambertiella Checchia-Rispoli 1917D66]
         |--*S. subrotunda (Leske 1778) [=Echinodiscus subrotundus]M89
         |--S. camagueyana Weisbord 1934SG93
         |--S. cubae Weisbord 1934SG93
         |--S. dentata [=Echinanthus dentatus]G20
         |--S. gibbosa Risso 1826R26
         |--S. hexaporus [=Echinanthus hexaporus]G20
         |--S. isseli Airaghi 1901SG93
         |--S. lamberti Airaghi 1901SG93
         |--S. marianii Airaghi 1901SG93
         |--S. orbicularis [=Echinanthus orbicularis]G20
         |--S. pyramidalis Risso 1826R26
         `--S. vindobonensisD66
              |--S. v. vindobonensisSG93
              `--S. v. secunda Schaffer 1962SG93

*Parmulechinus agassizi (Oppenheim 1902)^M89 [=Scutella agassizi^M89; incl. *Stenaster labrei Lambert 1905^D66, Sc. striatula Agassiz 1841 non de Serres 1829^D66]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[D66] Durham, J. D. 1966. Clypeasteroids. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt U. Echinodermata 3 vol. 2 pp. U450–U491. The Geological Society of America, Inc., and The University of Kansas Press.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[M89] Mooi, R. 1989. Living and fossil genera of the Clypeasteroida (Echinoidea: Echinodermata): an illustrated key and annotated checklist. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 488: 1–51.

[R26] Risso, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l’Europe méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes vol. 5. F.-G. Levrault: Paris.

[SG93] Simms, M. J., A. S. Gale, P. Gilliland, E. P. F. Rose & G. D. Sevastopulo. 1993. Echinodermata. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 491–528. Chapman & Hall: London.