Belongs within: Cucujoidea.
Contains: Psammoecini, Silvaninae.
The Silvanidae are a group of elongate, more or less flattened beetles found living in leaf litter and under bark; several species are widely distributed as storage pests. They have been divided between the subfamilies Silvaninae and Brontinae, distinguished by the respective presence or absence of an antennal club (Thomas 2002), but the ‘Brontinae’ may be paraphyletic.
Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Elongate, parallel-sided, more or less flattened, pubescent beetles with prognathous head, abruptly constricted posteriorly to form temples behind eyes, pronotum often with projecting front angles and/or dentate or crenulate lateral margins. Fore coxae globular, trochantins concealed, coxal cavities visibly closed behind; mid coxal cavities laterally open; tarsi four- or five-segmented, with setose lobes below; abdomen with five visible ventrites, two connate. Larvae elongate, parallel-sided and lightly sclerotised, with broad head, long antennae and legs, reduced 9th abdominal segment, and well-developed and terminal 10th segment.
<==Silvanidae [Brontinae, Brontini, Uleiotinae, Uleiotini]
|--+--MacrohyliotaRS15
| `--PsammoeciniRS15
`--+--SilvaninaeRS15
`--Uleiota Latreille 1796RS15, T02 [incl. Brontes Fabricius 1801T02, Hyliota Reitter 1880T02]
|--*U. flavipesL02 [=Brontes flavipesL02, Cucujus flavipesLC40; incl. C. planatusLC40]
`--U. dubiusT02
Silvanidae incertae sedis:
BrontopriscusLB91
Silvanolomus armatulus (Blackburn 1891) [=Silvanus armatulus]H73
AustronausibiusLB91
NepharisLB91
NepharinusLB91
*Silvanops angulicollis [=Silvanus angulicollis]H73
SilvaninusH73
Coccidotrophus socialisRD77
Cathartoides Kessel 1921H73
`--*C. africanus (Kessel 1921) (n. d.) [=Silvanus (*Cathartoides) africanus]H73
Calpus Halstead 1973H73
`--*C. bacchi Halstead 1973H73
Eunausibius Grouvelle 1912T02
|--E. salutarisT02
`--E. wheeleriRD77
Pensus Halstead 1973H73
|--*P. gilae (Casey 1884) [=Silvanus gilae]H73
`--P. guatemalenus (Sharp 1899) [=Silvanus guatemalenus]H73
Silvanoides Halstead 1973H73
|--*S. cheesmanae Halstead 1973H73
`--S. foveicollis Halstead 1973H73
AiraphilusH73
|--A. abeillei Grouvelle 1889G89a
|--A. denticollisP92
`--A. nubigena [=Silvanus nubigena]H73
Monanus Sharp 1879T02
|--M. albertesi [=Silvanus albertesi]H73
|--M. concinnulusLB91
|--M. longicornis [=Silvanus longicornis]H73
`--M. monticola (Blackburn 1891) [=Silvanus monticola]H73
Cathartosilvanus Grouvelle 1912H73
|--*C. trivialis (Grouvelle 1878) [=Silvanus trivialis]H73
|--C. imbellis (LeConte 1854) [=Silvanus imbellis; incl. S. communis Grouvelle 1878]H73
|--C. tropicalis (Van Dyke 1953) [=Silvanus tropicalis]H73
`--C. vulgaris (Grouvelle 1878) [=Silvanus vulgaris]H73
Silvanoprus Reitter 1911T02
|--S. birmanicus (Grouvelle 1892) [=Silvanus birmanicus]H73
|--S. frater (Grouvelle 1904) [=Silvanus frater]H73
|--S. orientalis [=Silvanus orientalis]H73
|--S. porrectus (Walker 1859) [=Silvanus porrectus]H73
`--S. scuticollisT02
Cathartus Reiche 1854H73, FS90
|--C. angulicollisG89b
|--C. gemellatus Duv. 1857FS90
|--C. longulus Blatchley 1910 [incl. Silvanus parviceps Casey 1916]H73
|--C. nitidus Grouvelle 1889G89b
`--C. quadricollis Guér. 1838FS90
Protosilvanus Grouvelle 1912H73
|--*P. lateritius (Reitter 1879) [=Silvanus lateritius]H73
|--P. carinatus (Grouvelle 1912) [=Silvanus (Protosilvanus) carinatus]H73
|--P. fasciatus Halstead 1973H73
|--P. granosus (Grouvelle 1897) [=Silvanus granosus]H73
`--P. inaequalis (Grouvelle 1882) [=Silvanus inaequalis]H73
Nausibius Lentz 1857T02
|--N. clavicornisLB91
|--N. dentatus Marsh. 1802 [incl. N. intermedius]FS90
|--N. latus [=Silvanus latus]H73
|--N. majorT02
|--N. repandusT02
`--N. sahlbergiT02
Parasilvanus Grouvelle 1912H73
|--*P. ocellatus (Grouvelle 1889) [=Silvanus ocellatus]H73
|--P. fairmairei (Grouvelle 1882) [=Silvanus fairmairei; incl. S. filum Krantz 1895]H73
|--P. mimosae Halstead 1973H73
|--P. oblitus (Grouvelle 1909) [=Silvanus oblitus]H73
|--P. pulcher (Grouvelle 1905) [=Silvanus pulcher]H73
`--P. tenuis (Grouvelle 1889) [=Silvanus tenuis]H73
Dendrophagus Schönherr 1809T02
|--D. australisLB91
|--D. crenatus [=Cucujus crenatus; incl. C. sulcatus]LC40
`--D. cygnaeiT02
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[FS90] Fleutiaux, E., & A. Sallé. 1890. Liste des coléoptères de la Guadeloupe et descriptions d’espèces nouvelles. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6e série 9: 351–484.
[G89a] Grouvelle, A. 1889a. Cucujides nouveaux ou peu connus. 7e mémoire. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6e série 9: 101–108, pl. 5.
[G89b] Grouvelle, A. 1889b. Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Décembre 1887–Avril 1888). Coléoptéres, 2e mémoire. Cucujidae, Rhysodidae, Dryopidae, Cyathoceridae, Heteroceridae. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6e série 9: 157–166, pl. 6.
[H73] Halstead, D. G. H. 1973. A revision of the genus Silvanus Latreille (s. l.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History): Entomology 29 (2): 39–112.
[LC40] Laporte de Castelnau, F. 1840. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Coléoptères vol. 2. P. Duménil: Paris.
[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.
[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).
[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.
[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms’ General Textbook of Entomology 10th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.
[T02] Thomas, M. C. 2002. Silvanidae Kirby 1837. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr, M. C. Thomas, P. E. Skelley & J. H. Frank (eds) American Beetles vol. 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea pp. 322–326. CRC Press.