Belongs within: Solanaceae.
Contains: Hyoscyameae, Lycium, Datureae, Physaleae, Lycianthes, Solanum.
The Solanoideae are a clade within the Solanaceae characterised by the production of fleshy fruits with flattened seeds containing curved embryos (Olmstead et al. 2008). The derived succulent genus Nolana, sometimes recognised as a separate family from Solanaceae, is shown by molecular analysis to be positioned within the Solanoideae as part of a clade Atropina. Species of Nolana are native to coastal deserts of western South America and possess fruits comprised of five or more carpels with individual ovules intruding into the ovary wall to give rise to a series of single-seeded mericarps. Also belonging to the Atropina is the primarily Argentine genus Sclerophylax which bears dry, indehiscent fruits containing one or a few seeds. Jaborosa is another South American genus bearing white, infundibuliform flowers.
Other subgroups of the Solanoideae include the Solaneae with poricidal anthers. Jaltomata is a Neotropical genus with pedicels articulated on umbelliform inflorescences. The tree tomato or tamarillo Cyphomandra betacea is a small South American tree producing reddish, egg-shaped fruits that is cultivated in subtropical regions.
Mandragora, the mandrakes, is a Eurasian genus of perennial herbs noted for their toxicity, leading to the folkloric belief in Europe that a mandrake’s root could produce a fatal scream when pulled from the ground. The Salpichroina are a small clade native to the Americas with trinucleate pollen (Olmstead et al. 2008). The Juanulloeae are another Neotropical clade including a number of epiphytes and lianas (Olmstead et al. 2008). Solandra are high-climbing, scandent shrubs with showy, funnelform or campanulate flowers (Liogier 1995).
Solanoideae [Jaboroseae]
|--AtropinaOB08
| |--Latua pubifloraOB08
| |--HyoscyameaeOB08
| |--Jaborosa [incl. Trechonaetes]OB08
| | |--J. integrifoliaOB08
| | `--+--J. sativaOB08
| | `--J. squarrosaOB08
| `--+--LyciumOB08
| |--Sclerophylax [Sclerophylacaceae, Sclerophylacoideae]OB08
| | |--S. adnatifoliaOB08
| | `--S. giliesiiOB08
| `--Nolana [Nolanaceae]OB08
| | i. s.: N. albaP05
| |--N. spathulataOB08
| `--+--N. linearifoliaOB08
| `--N. paradoxaOB08
`--+--Exodeconus miersiiOB08
`--+--Nicandra Wettst. in Eng. & Prantl 1895OB08, PSH82 [Nicandreae]
| `--*N. physalodes (L.) Gaertner 1791 [=Atropa physalodes L. 1753]PSH82
`--+--+--SchultesianthusOB08
| | |--S. leucanthusOB08
| | `--S. megalandrusOB08
| `--+--Solandra Sw. 1787OB08, L95
| | |--S. brachycalyxOB08
| | `--S. grandiflora Sw. 1787 (see below for synonymy)L95
| `--JuanulloeaeOB08
| |--Dyssochroma viridifloraOB08
| `--+--Juanulloa mexicanaOB08
| |--Merinthopodium neuranthumOB08
| `--Markea [incl. Hawkesiophyton]OB08
| |--M. panamensisOB08
| `--M. uleiOB08
`--+--MandragoraOB08
| |--M. autumnalisPT98
| |--M. caulescensO88
| `--M. officinarumOB08
`--+--DatureaeOB08
`--+--+--PhysaleaeOB08
| |--LycianthesOB08
| `--SalpichroinaOB08
| |--Nectouxia formosaOB08
| `--Salpichroa Miers 1845PSH82
| |--*S. glandulosa (Hook.) Miers 1845 [=Atropa glandulosa]PSH82
| |--S. diffusaHH03
| `--S. origanifolia (Lam.) Baillon 1888 (see below for synonymy)PSH82
`--SolaneaeOB08
|--SolanumA61
|--TrigueraOB08
|--Cyphomandra Martius ex Sendtner 1845PSH82
| |--C. endopogon Bitter 1916B16
| `--C. pendulaB16
`--Jaltomata Schlecht. 1838OB08, L95
| i. s.: J. antillana (Krug & Urb.) D’Arcy 1978 (see below for synonymy)L95
|--+--J. auriculataOB08
| `--J. sinuosaOB08
`--+--J. grandifloraOB08
`--J. procumbensOB08
Jaltomata antillana (Krug & Urb.) D’Arcy 1978 [=Saracha antillana Krug & Urb. 1895; incl. S. domingensis Bitter 1913]L95
Salpichroa origanifolia (Lam.) Baillon 1888 [=Physalis origanifolia Lam. 1794; incl. Atropa rhomboidea Hook. 1829, Salpichroa rhomboidea (Hook.) Miers 1845]PSH82
Solandra grandiflora Sw. 1787 [=Swartzia grandiflora (Sw.) Gmel. 1791; incl. Sw. macrantha Dunal in DC. 1852]L95
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).
[B16] Bitter, G. 1916. Solanaceae andinae. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 54 (Beiblatt 119): 5–17.
[HH03] Hernández, J. R., & J. F. Hennen. 2003. Rust fungi causing galls, witches’ brooms, and other abnormal plant growths in northwestern Argentina. Mycologia 95 (4): 728–755.
[L95] Liogier, H. A. 1995. Descriptive Flora of Puerto Rico and Adjacent Islands: Spermatophyta-Dicotyledoneae vol. 4. Melastomataceae to Lentibulariaceae. Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico.
[O88] Ohba, H. 1988. The alpine flora of the Nepal Himalayas: an introductory note. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 19–46.
[OB08] Olmstead, R. G., L. Bohs, H. A. Migid, E. Santiago-Valentin, V. F. Garcia & S. M. Collier. 2008. A molecular phylogeny of the Solanaceae. Taxon 57 (4): 1159–1181.
[P05] Packer, L. 2005. A new species of Geodiscelis (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Xeromelissinae) from the Atacama Desert of Chile. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 14 (1): 84–91.
[PT98] Panitsa, M., & D. Tzanoudakis. 1998. Contribution to the study of the Greek flora: flora and vegetation of the E Aegean islands Agathonisi and Pharmakonisi. Willdenowia 28: 95–116.
[PSH82] Purdie, R. W., D. E. Symon & L. Haegi. 1982. Solanaceae. Flora of Australia 29: 1–197.