Sophoreae

Belongs within: Papilionoideae.

The Sophoreae are a primarily tropical tribe of the Papilionoideae, many members of which are small trees. Members lack clear morphological synapomorphies but are generally characterised by free stamens (Cardoso et al. 2013). They include Sophora, a genus of trees and shrubs with imparipinnate leaves bearing large flowers with a broad standard, the wings shorter than the keel (Allan 1961). The necklacepod Sophora tomentosa is a pantropical small tree with sea-drifted seeds found in coastal regions.

<==Sophoreae
    |  i. s.: AmmothamnusCP13
    |         Anagyris foetidaCP13, H97
    |         EuchrestaCP13
    |         PlatycelyphiumCP13
    |         SalweeniaCP13
    |--+--Bolusanthus speciosusCP13
    |  `--Dicraeopetalum stipulareCP13
    `--+--Maackia amurensisCP13
       |    |--M. a. var. amurensisLO98
       |    `--M. a. var. buergeriLO98
       |--Thermopsis [Thermopsideae]CP13
       |    |  i. s.: T. barbataO88
       |    |         T. macrophyllaH93
       |    |           |--T. m. var. macrophylla [incl. T. macrophylla var. agnina]H93
       |    |           |--T. m. var. argentataH93
       |    |           |--T. m. var. semotaH93
       |    |           `--T. m. var. venosa [incl. T. gracilis]H93
       |    |         T. montanaAB03
       |    |--+--T. alpinaCP13
       |    |  |--T. lanceolataCP13
       |    |  `--Piptanthus nepalensisCP13
       |    `--+--T. rhombifoliaCP13
       |       `--BaptisiaCP13
       |            |--B. albaR56
       |            |--B. australisCP13
       |            `--B. leucophaeaV72
       `--+--AmmopiptanthusCP13
          |    |--A. mongolicusCP13
          |    `--A. nanusCP13
          `--Sophora Linnaeus 1753CP13, A61
               |  i. s.: S. chrysophyllaHSS13
               |         S. inhambanensisCP13
               |         S. japonicaMH98
               |         S. pachycarpaKU02
               |         S. tomentosaCP13
               |         S. toromiroH70
               |--+--Ammodendron argenteumCP13
               |  `--+--S. davidiiCP13
               |     `--+--S. nuttallianaCP13
               |        `--S. stenophyllaCP13
               `--+--S. macrocarpaCP13
                  `--S. sect. EdwardsiaC06
                       |--‘Edwardsia’ macnabianaD03
                       |--S. microphylla Ait. 1789CP13, A61 (see below for synonymy)
                       |    |--S. m. var. microphyllaA61
                       |    |--S. m. var. fulvida Allan 1961A61
                       |    `--S. m. var. longicarinata (Simpson) Allan 1961 [=S. longicarinata Simpson 1942]A61
                       |--S. prostrata Buchan. 1884C06, A61 (see below for synonymy)
                       `--S. tetraptera Mill. 1780C06, A61 (see below for synonymy)

Sophora microphylla Ait. 1789^{CP13, A61} [=Edwardsia grandiflora var. microphylla Hooker 1852^A61, E. microphylla Salisb. 1808^A61, Sophora tetraptera var. microphylla Hooker 1864^A61; incl. S. chathamica Cockayne 1902^A61]

Sophora prostrata Buchan. 1884^{C06, A61} [=Edwardsia prostrata (Buchan.) Oliver 1921^A61, S. tetraptera var. prostrata (Buchan.) Kirk 1899^A61]

Sophora tetraptera Mill. 1780^{C06, A61} [=Edwardsia tetraptera (Mill.) Oliver 1921^A61; incl. E. grandiflora Salisb. 1808^A61, Sophora tetraptera var. grandiflora^C06]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[AB03] Ainouche, A., R. J. Bayer, P. Cubas & M.-T. Misset. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships within tribe Genisteae (Papilionoideae) with special reference to genus Ulex. In: Bruneau, B. B. K. A. (ed.) Advances in Legume Systematics vol. 10. Higher Level Systematics pp. 239–252. Royal Botanic Gardens: Kew.

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[CP13] Cardoso, D., R. T. Pennington, L. P. de Queiroz, J. S. Boatwright, B.-E. Van Wyk, M. F. Wojciechowski & M. Lavin. 2013. Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes. South African Journal of Botany 89: 58–75.

[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.

[D03] Dusén, P. 1903. The vegetation of western Patagonia. In: Scott, W. B. (ed.) Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899 vol. 8. Botany pp. 1–34. The University: Princeton (New Jersey).

[H70] Hammer, M. 1970. A few oribatid mites from Easter Island. Pacific Insects 12 (2): 279–289.

[H97] Heenan, P. B. 1997. Wood anatomy of the Carmichaelia (Fabaceae) complex in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 35: 395–415.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[HSS13] Hirschfeld, E., A. Swash & R. Still. 2013. The World’s Rarest Birds. Princeton University Press: Princeton (New Jersey).

[KU02] Khanjani, M., & E. A. Ueckermann. 2002. The stigmaeid mites of Iran (Acari: Stigmaeidae). International Journal of Acarology 28 (4): 317–339.

[LO98] Lack, H. W., & H. Ohba. 1998. Die Xylothek des Chikusai Kato. Willdenowia 28: 263–276.

[MH98] Morikawa, H., A. Higaki, M. Nohno, M. Takahashi, M. Kamada, M. Nakata, G. Toyohara, Y. Okamura, K. Matsui, S. Kitani, K. Fujita, K. Irifune & N. Goshima. 1998. More than a 600-fold variation in nitrogen dioxide assimilation among 217 plant taxa. Plant, Cell and Environment 21: 180–190.

[O88] Ohba, H. 1988. The alpine flora of the Nepal Himalayas: an introductory note. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 19–46.

[R56] Reed, C. F. 1956. Hyla cinerea in Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia, with notes on the taxonomic status of Hyla cinerea evittata. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 46 (10): 328–332.

[V72] Voss, E. G. 1972. Michigan Flora. Part I. Gymnosperms and Monocots. Cranbrook Institute of Science and University of Michigan Herbarium.