Spinicaudata

Belongs within: Diplostraca.

The Spinicaudata are a group of clam shrimps characterised by the formation of clasps on the first and second pair of thoracopods of the males. In members of the modern family Limnadiidae, the antennules are two-segmented and the head bears an unpaired, often pedunculate frontal organ.

<==Spinicaudata
    |--LeptestheriidaeWZK06
    |    |--Leptestheria compleximanusT06
    |    `--Eoleptestheria ticinensisPH10
    |--Estheriellidae [Estherielloidea]BWW93
    |    |--Anomalonema Raymond 1946BWW93
    |    |--Estheriella camerouni Defretin 1953BWW93
    |    `--Afrograpta tricostata (Defretin 1953)BWW93
    |--CyzicoideaG88
    |    |--CyzicidaeBWW93
    |    |    |--Cyzicus Audouin 1837BWW93
    |    |    |--CaenestheriaPH10
    |    |    |    |--C. dictyonTDC06
    |    |    |    `--C. rufaPH10
    |    |    |--CaenestheriellaPH10
    |    |    |    |--C. mariaeT06
    |    |    |    `--C. packardiT06
    |    |    `--EocyzicusPH10
    |    |--GlyptoasmussiidaeG88
    |    `--Asmussia Pacht 1849 [Asmussiidae]BWW93
    |         `--A. membranacea Pacht 1849BWW93
    |--VertexioideaBWW93
    |    |--Pemphilimnadiopsis [Pemphilimnadiopsidae]BWW93
    |    |    `--P. ortoni (Clarke 1900)BWW93
    |    |--IpsiloniidaeBWW93
    |    |    |--Ipsilonia auriculata Novozhilov 1953BWW93
    |    |    `--Aculestheria novojilovi Cardosa 1963BWW93
    |    `--VertexiidaeBWW93
    |         |--Echinestheria marimbensis Marlière 1950BWW93
    |         `--Cornia Lyutkevich 1937BWW93
    |              `--*C. papillaria Lutkevich 1939BB61
    |--Leaiidae [Leaioidea]BWW93
    |    |--Praeleaia quadricarinata Lyutkevich 1929BWW93
    |    |--Pteroleaia canadensis Copeland 1962BWW93
    |    |--Japanoleaia rectangula (Yokohama 1894)BWW93
    |    `--LeaiaSC17
    |         |--L. chinensisSC17
    |         |--L. collinsi Mitchell 1925F71
    |         |--L. compta Mitchell 1925F71
    |         |--L. elliptica Mitchell 1925F71
    |         |--L. latissima Mitchell 1925F71
    |         |--L. oblongata Mitchell 1925F71
    |         |--L. paraleidyi Mitchell 1925F71
    |         |--L. pincombei Mitchell 1925F71
    |         `--L. quadrata Mitchell 1925F71
    `--Limnadiidae [Limnadioidea, Limnadopsidae]WZK06
         |--Imnadia [Imnadiidae]WZK06
         |--LimnadopsiumWZK06
         |--Limnestheria ardra Wright 1920BWW93
         |--Palaeolimnadiopsis Raymond 1946BWW93
         |--Belgolimnadiopsis Novozhilov 1958BWW93
         |--Metalimnadia [Metalimnadiidae, Paraimnadiidae]WZK06
         |    `--M. serratura [incl. Paraimnadia guayanensis]MD01
         |--LimnetisD01
         |    |--L. mucronatusD01
         |    `--L. zichyi Daday 1901D01
         |--LimnadopsisWZK06
         |    |--L. birchiiTDC06
         |    |--L. pilbarensisGMD11
         |    `--L. tatei Spencer & Hall 1896WZK06
         |--EulimnadiaWZK06
         |    |--E. dahli Sars 1896WZK06
         |    |--E. feriensis Dakin 1914WZK06
         |    `--E. texanaWZK06
         `--LimnadiaWZK06
              |--L. badia Wolf 1911WZK06
              |--L. lenticularisWZK06
              |--L. sordida King 1855WZK06
              |--L. stanleyana King 1855WZK06
              `--L. urukhai Webb & Bell 1979T06

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[BB61] Benson, R. H., J. M. Berdan, W. A. van den Bold, T. Hanai, I. Hessland, H. V. Howe, R. V. Kesling, S. A. Levinson, R. A. Reyment, R. C. Moore, H. W. Scott, R. H. Shaver, I. G. Sohn, L. E. Stover, F. M. Swain & P. C. Sylvester-Bradley. 1961. Systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q99–Q421. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[BWW93] Briggs, D. E. G., M. J. Weedon & M. A. Whyte. 1993. Arthropoda (Crustacea excluding Ostracoda). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 321–342. Chapman & Hall: London.

[D01] Daday, E. 1901. Édesvizi mikroszkópi állatok [Mikroskopische Süsswasserthiere]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 375–470. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1–167.

[GMD11] George, A. S., N. L. McKenzie & P. Doughty. 2011. A Biodiversity Survey of the Pilbara Region of Western Australia 2002–2007. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 78 (1).

[G88] Gray, J. 1988. Evolution of the freshwater ecosystem: the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62: 1–214.

[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.

[PH10] Pinder, A. M., S. A. Halse, R. J. Shiel & J. M. McRae. 2010. An arid zone awash with diversity: patterns in the distribution of aquatic invertebrates in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 78 (1): 205–246.

[SC17] Schwentner, M., D. J. Combosch, J. P. Nelson & G. Giribet. 2017. A phylogenomic solution to the origin of insects by resolving crustacean-hexapod relationships. Current Biology 27: 1818–1824.

[T06] Timms, B. V. 2006. The large branchiopods (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) of gnammas (rock holes) in Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 89 (4): 163–173.

[TDC06] Timms, B. V., B. Datson & M. Coleman. 2006. The wetlands of the Lake Carey catchment, northeast Goldfields of Western Australia, with special reference to large branchiopods. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 89 (4): 175–183.

[WZK06] Weeks, S. C., M. Zofkova & B. Knott. 2006. Limnadiid clam shrimp distribution in Australia (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 89 (4): 155–161.