Stenopogoninae

Belongs within: Asilidae.
Contains: Stenopogonini.

The Stenopogoninae have been recognised as a group of robber flies with a tomentose face, seven or eight visible abdominal tergites in the male, and a ring of acanthophorite spines on the ovipositor (Fisher 2009). However, a molecular phylogenetic analysis by Bybee et al. (2004) indicated that the Stenopogoninae as recognised in this way is paraphyletic to members of the other robber fly subfamilies Dasypogoninae, Laphystiinae and Stichopogoninae. The Stichopogonini have a frons with strongly divergent margins above the antennal segments, whereas in other Stenopogoninae its sides are generally parallel to slightly convergent. The Laphystiini have the apical abdominal segments reduced, so males have only six visible tergites, and the famels lack acanthophorite spines (Fisher 2009).

<==StenopogoninaeF09
    |--+--Megapodini [Megapodinae]BT04
    |  |    |--DoryclusW81
    |  |    |--SenobasisF09
    |  |    |    |--S. clavigeraF09
    |  |    |    `--S. corsairF09
    |  |    `--PseudorusF09
    |  |         |--P. bicolorF09
    |  |         `--P. distendensF09
    |  `--CyrtopogoniniBT04
    |       |--CyrtopogonW81
    |       |    |--C. glarealisE66
    |       |    |--C. lateralisWJ18
    |       |    `--C. willistoniW81
    |       `--HolopogonBT04
    |            |--H. curraniBT04
    |            |--H. fumipennisJ61
    |            |--H. phaeonotusE66
    |            |--H. pilipesP92
    |            |--H. pulcher [incl. H. violaceous]F09
    |            |--H. siculusJ61
    |            `--H. vockerothiW81
    `--+--+--StenopogoniniBT04
       |  `--Laphystiini [Laphystiinae]BT04
       |       |--ZabropsW81
       |       |--Perasis argentifaciesW81
       |       |--Gymnotriclis coscaronorumF09
       |       |--Hoplistomerus nobilisF09
       |       |--*Laphygmolestes flavipesF09
       |       |--LaphystiaF09
       |       |    |--L. erberiJ61
       |       |    `--L. sexfasciataW81
       |       `--PsilocurusF09
       |            |--P. camposiF09
       |            `--P. caudatusF09
       `--+--Hypenetes [Tillobromini]BT04
          |    `--H. critesiBT04
          `--+--+--Creolestes [Enigmomorphini]BT04
             |  |    `--C. nigribarbisBT04
             |  `--PhelliniBT04
             |       |--Obelopherus landbeckiBT04
             |       `--PhellusCM91
             `--Stichopogonini [Stichopogoninae]BT04
                  |--Lissoteles blantoniF09
                  |--TownsendiaF09
                  |    |--T. nemaculaF09
                  |    `--T. podexargenteusF09
                  `--StichopogonF09
                       |--S. albofasciatus [=Echinopogon albofasciatus]J61
                       |--S. elegantulusJ61
                       |--S. inaequalisJ61
                       |--S. inconstansJ61
                       |--S. kertesziJ61
                       |--S. pusioJ61
                       |--S. pygmaeusJ61
                       |--S. schineriJ61
                       `--S. trifasciatusF09
Stenopogoninae incertae sedis:
  AcronychesF09
    |--A. mayaF09
    `--A. plutactitesF09
  ArchilestrisF09
    |--A. excellensF09
    |--A. magnificusF09
    `--A. wenzeliF09
  DicranusF09
    |--D. jaliscoensisF09
    `--D. schrottkyiF09
  Hadrokolos cazieriF09, W81
  PlesiommaF09
    |--P. atrumF09
    |--P. fuliginosaF09
    `--P. unicolorF09
  ProlepsisF09
    |--P. costaricensisF09
    |--P. elotensis [incl. P. sandaraca]F09
    `--P. tristisF09
  EucyrtopogonF09
  HeteropogonF09
    |--H. impudicus Janssens 1961J61
    |--H. manicatusJ61
    |--H. rejectusF09
    `--H. wilcoxiH72

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[BT04] Bybee, S. M., S. D. Taylor, C. R. Nelson & M. F. Whiting. 2004. A phylogeny of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) at the subfamilial level: molecular evidence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 789–797.

[CM91] Colless, D. H., & D. K. McAlpine. 1991. Diptera (flies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 717–786. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[E66] Evans, H. E. 1966. The Comparative Ethology and Evolution of the Sand Wasps. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[F09] Fisher, E. M. 2009. Asilidae (robber flies, assassin flies, moscas cazadoras, moscas ladronas). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 585–632. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[H72] Hall, J. C. 1972. New North American Heterotropinae (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 48 (1): 37–50.

[J61] Janssens, E. 1961. Sur quelques asilides mediterranees. Boll. Mus. Civ. Venezia 14: 29–36.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[WJ18] Wahlberg, E., & K. A. Johanson. 2018. Molecular phylogenetics reveals novel relationships within Empidoidea (Diptera). Systematic Entomology 43: 619–636.

[W81] Wood, G. C. 1981. Asilidae. In: McAlpine, J. F., B. V. Peterson, G. E. Shewell, H. J. Teskey, J. R. Vockeroth & D. S. Wood (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 1 pp. 549–573. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.