Tettigonioidea

Balloon-winged katydid Tympanophora pellucida, copyright Nick Lambert.

Belongs within: Apohaglida.
Contains: Austrosaginae, Phaneropterinae, Mecopodinae, Pleminiinae, Pseudophyllinae, Meconematinae, Listroscelidinae, Bradyporinae, Tettigoniinae, Conocephalinae.

The Tettigonioidea, katydids, are long-horned orthopterans that often mimic leaves and other plant parts. Members of this group include both carnivorous and herbivorous forms. They are united by fore wings with vein MP (=MA2) at least partially reduced, and a narrow lancet area in the male (Gorochov & Rasnitsyn 2002). Modern tettigonioids are classified into the family Tettigoniidae. A separate family has been proposed for the Early Cretaceous Haglotettigonia egregia, representing the earliest appearance of the group in the fossil record (Gorochov & Rasnitsyn 2002). This species retains plesiomorphic venation features, including separation of the Sc and R stems, and transverse venation that is not transformed into an archedictyon network (Gorohov 1988).

Subgroups of the Tettigoniidae include the Zaprochilinae, a group of slender, soft-bodied katydids endemic to Australia with prognathous heads adapted for feeding at flowers. The wingless south-west Australian genus Phasmodes has an elongate body form remarkably similar in appearance to stick insects. The Tympanophorinae, balloon-winged katydids, are an Australian subfamily of relatively short-legged katydids in which males are fully winged with the tegmina greatly expanded whereas females are flightless (Rentz 1996).

<==Tettigonioidea [Tettigoniae]
|--Haglotettigonia Gorohov 1988 [Haglotettigoniidae]G88
| `--*H. egregia Gorokhov 1988G88, BN02
`--Tettigoniidae [Meconematidae, Mecopodidae, Phaneropteridae, Pseudophyllidae]MB12
| i. s.: LipotactesR96
| Picnogaster finotiD95
| Segestes decoratusK91
| Baetica ustulataMB12
| Eurinoscopus hamadryas Kirkaldy 1907K08
| Hybrasil breani Kirkaldy 1907K08
| Conosanus hospes [=Phrynomorphus hospes]K08
| AllygusK08
| |--A. lotophagorum Kirkaldy 1907K08
| `--A. modestusV09
| Nesosteles hebe Kirkaldy 1906K08
| Muirella oxyomma Kirkaldy 1907K08
| Nesoecia cooksoniPP72
| Steropleurus eclipticus Barat 2004F04
| AustrosaginaeR96
| PseudotettigoniaGE05 [PsedotettigoniinaeGR02]
| `--P. amoenaGE05
| ZaprochilinaeR96
| |--Anthophiloptera dryasR96
| |--Windbalea virideR96
| |--ZaprochilusR96
| | |--Z. australisR96
| | `--Z. ninaeR96
| `--KawanaphilaR96
| |--K. gidyaR96
| |--K. iyoutaR96
| `--K. narteeR96
| ApteropedetinaeG88
|--+--+--Scambophyllum [Scambophyllinae]G88
| | `--PhaneropterinaeG88
| `--+--+--MecopodinaeG88
| | `--Phyllophorinae [Phyllophorae]G88
| | |--SiliquoferaR96
| | |--PhyllophorellaR96
| | |--HyperhomalaG88
| | `--Phyllophora heurnii Karny 1924HH73
| `--+--Polyancistrus [Polyancistrinae, Polyancistrini]G88
| `--+--+--PleminiinaeG88
| | `--PseudophyllinaeG88
| `--Pterochrozinae [Pterochrozae]G88
| |--TanusiaG88
| |--CyclopteraG88
| `--PterochrozaG88
`--+--+--PhasmodesR96 [PhasmodinaeG88]
| | |--P. nungerooR96
| | `--P. ranatriformisR96
| `--+--MicrotettigoniaR96 [MicrotettigoniinaeG88]
| | |--M. kangarooR96
| | `--M. tachysR96
| `--MeconematinaeG88
`--+--ListroscelidinaeG88
`--+--TympanophorinaeG88
| |--MortoniellusG88
| `--TympanophoraR96
| |--T. diminutaR96
| |--T. pellucidaR91
| |--T. similisR96
| `--T. uvaroviR96
`--+--SaginaeG88
| |--CloniaG88
| |--SagaG88
| `--Neobarrettia vanniferaG88, I92
`--+--+--BradyporinaeG88
| `--TettigoniinaeG88
`--+--ConocephalinaeG88
`--Hetrodinae [Hetrodidae]G88
|--Hetrodes [Hetrodini]G88
| `--H. guyoniiL49
`--EugastriniG88
|--Acanthoplus Stål 1873G88
|--Gymnoproctus Karsch 1887G88
|--Anepisceptus Fieber 1853G88
`--Eugaster Audinet-Serville 1839G88
`--E. guyoniR13

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[BN02] Béthoux, O., A. Nel, J. Lapeyrie, G. Gand & J. Galtier. 2002. Raphogla rubra gen. n., sp. n., the oldest representative of the clade of modern Ensifera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidea, Gryllidea). European Journal of Entomology 99: 111–116.

[D95] Damerdji, A. 1995. Bio-écologie du peuplement des orthoptères de la région de Ghazaouet (Tlemcen, Algérie). Mésogée 54: 73–80.

[F04] Fernández, J. 2004. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (VIII). Graellsia 60 (2): 217–243.

[GR02] Gorochov, A. V., & A. P. Rasnitsyn. 2002. Superorder Gryllidea Laicharting, 1781 (=Orthopteroidea Handlirsch, 1903). In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 293–303. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[G88] Gorohov, A. V. 1988. Klassifikaciâ i filogeniâ kuznečikovyh (Gryllida=Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea). In : Ponomarenko, A. G. (ed.) Melovoj Biocenotičeskij Krizis i Èvolûciâ Nasekomyh pp. 145–190. Akademiâ Nauk SSSR: Moscow.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[HH73] Holthuis, L. B., & A. M. Husson. 1973. Jonkheer Drs. Willem Cornelis van Heurn (1887–1972). Zoologische Bijdragen 16: 1–67.

[I92] Imes, R. 1992. The Practical Entomologist. Aurum Press: London.

[K91] Kathirithamby, J. 1991. Strepsiptera. In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 684–695. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[K08] Kirkaldy, G. W. 1908. A catalogue of the Hemiptera of Fiji. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 33: 345–391, pl. 4.

[L49] Lucas, H. 1849. Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie pendant les années 1840, 1841, 1842 publiée par ordre du gouvernement et avec le concours d’une commission académique. Sciences physiques. Zoologie. II. Histoire naturelle des animaux articulés. Troisième partie. Insectes (suite). Imprimerie Nationale: Paris.

[MB12] Mayoral, J. G., & P. Barranco. 2012. A new genus and species of larval mite (Acari: Prostigmata: Microtrombidiidae) parasitising Orthoptera (Tettigoniidae) from the Sierra Nevada, Spain. Systematic Parasitology 83: 77–84.

[PP72] Parkin, P., D. T. Parkin, A. W. Ewing & H. A. Ford. 1972. A report on the arthropods collected by the Edinburgh University Galapagos Islands expedition, 1968. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 48 (2): 100–107.

[R91] Rentz, D. C. F. 1991. Orthoptera (grasshoppers, locusts, katydids, crickets). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 369–393. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[R96] Rentz, D. 1996. Grasshopper Country: The abundant orthopteroid insects of Australia. University of New South Wales Press: Sydney.

[R13] Reuter, O. M. 1913. Lebensgewohnheiten und Instinkte der Insekten bis zum Erwachen der sozialen Instinkte. R. Friedländer & Sohn: Berlin.

[V09] Verdcourt, B. (ed.) 2009. Additions to the wild fauna and flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. XXVI. Miscellaneous records. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 183–194.

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