Belongs within: Scorpaeniformes.
The Triglidae, sea robins, are slender marine fishes with a broad head encased in bony plates and large pectoral fins (Klein-MacPhee & McBride 2002). The armoured sea robins of the Peristediinae bear a pair of long barbels on the chin.
Characters (Klein-MacPhee & McBride 2002): Head broad, encased in bony plates, mouth small, snout dorsally depressed; body slender; pectoral fins large, fan-like, with three modified rays; separate spiny and soft-rayed dorsal fins; pelvic fins large, located under pectorals.
<==Triglidae [Triglioidei]
| i. s.: Triglidarum cor (Koken 1888)P93
|--+--Peristediinae [Peristediidae]SER18
| | |--PeristedionSER18
| | | | i. s.: P. liorhynchus (Günther 1871) [=Peristethus liorhynchus]M58
| | | | P. miniatum Goode 1880K-MM02
| | | | P. orientaleLM13
| | | |--P. ecuadorenseB-RW17
| | | `--+--P. gracileB-RW17
| | | `--P. truncatumB-RW17
| | |--SatyrichthysLM13
| | | |--S. amiscusT09
| | | |--S. hiansLM13
| | | |--S. murrayiLM13
| | | `--S. welchiLM13
| | |--GargariscusSER18
| | |--HeminodusSER18
| | |--ParaheminodusSER18
| | `--ScalicusSER18
| `--+--PterygotriglinaeSER18
| | |--Pterygotrigla hemistictaB-RW17
| | `--BovitriglaSER18
| `--TriglinaeSER18
| |--ChelidonichthysSER18
| | |--C. kumuG75
| | |--C. lucernus (Linnaeus 1758)LD09
| | `--C. spinosusUT08
| |--LepidotriglaSER18
| | |--L. cadenati Steurbaut 1984P93
| | |--L. calodactylaG75
| | |--L. eydouxi Sauvage 1878JR10
| | |--L. multispinosaSER18
| | `--L. spinosaSC07
| |--Trigla Linnaeus 1758L58
| | |--T. asiatica Linnaeus 1758L58
| | |--T. cataphracta Linnaeus 1758L58
| | |--T. coraxD56
| | |--T. cuculus Linnaeus 1758L58 [incl. T. piniP61]
| | |--T. gurnardus Linnaeus 1758L58
| | |--T. lineataP61
| | |--T. lucerna Linnaeus 1758L58 [incl. T. hirundo Linnaeus 1758P61, L58]
| | |--T. lyra Linnaeus 1758L58
| | `--T. volitans Linnaeus 1758L58
| |--Eutrigla gurnardusSER18, OC03
| `--Trigloporus lastovizaSER18, LM13
`--PrionotinaeSER18
|--Bellator militarisB-RW17
`--Prionotus Lacépède 1801B-RW17, M14
| i. s.: P. alatusHC79
| P. salmonicolorHC79
|--P. carolinus (Linnaeus 1771)B-RW17, K-MM02
`--+--P. evolans (Linné 1766)B-RW17, K-MM02
`--P. stephanophrysB-RW17
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B-RW17] Betancur-R, R., E. O. Wiley, G. Arratia, A. Acero, N. Bailly, M. Miya, G. Lecointre & G. Ortí. 2017. Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 17: 162.
[D56] Dawes, B. 1956. The Trematoda with special reference to British and other European forms. University Press: Cambridge.
[G75] Grant, E. M. 1975. Guide to Fishes. The Co-ordinator-General’s Department: Brisbane (Australia).
[HC79] Huff, J. A., & S. P. Cobb. 1979. Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda). Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 5 (4): 1–101.
[JR10] Jordan, D. S., & R. E. Richardson. 1910. Check-list of the species of fishes known from the Philippine archipelago. Bureau of Printing: Manila.
[K-MM02] Klein-MacPhee, G., & R. S. McBride. 2002. Sea robins. Family Triglidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3rd ed. pp. 338–345. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.
[LM13] Lautredou, A.-C., H. Motomura, C. Gallut, C. Ozouf-Costaz, C. Cruaud, G. Lecointre & A. Dettai. 2013. New nuclear markers and exploration of the relationships among Serraniformes (Acanthomorpha, Teleostei): the importance of working at multiple scales. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 67: 140–155.
[LD09] Li, B., A. Dettaï, C. Cruaud, A. Couloux, M. Desoutter-Meniger & G. Lecointre. 2009. RNF213, a new nuclear marker for acanthomorph phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 50: 345–363.
[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis revised 10th ed. vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.
[M14] Maletz, J. 2014. The classification of the Pterobranchia (Cephalodiscida and Graptolithina). Bulletin of Geosciences 89 (3): 477–540.
[M58] Munro, I. S. R. 1958. The fishes of the New Guinea region: A check-list of the fishes of New Guinea incorporating records of species collected by the Fisheries Survey Vessel “Fairwind” during the years 1948 to 1950. Papua and New Guinea Agricultural Journal 10 (4): 97–369 (reprinted: 1958. Territory of Papua and New Guinea Fisheries Bulletin no. 1).
[OC03] Olson, P. D., T. H. Cribb, V. V. Tkach, R. A. Bray & D. T. J. Littlewood. 2003. Phylogeny and classification of the Digenea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda). International Journal for Parasitology 33: 733–755.
[P93] Patterson, C. 1993. Osteichthyes: Teleostei. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 621–656. Chapman & Hall: London.
[P61] Price, E. W. 1961. North American monogenetic trematodes IX. The families Mazocraeidae and Plectanocotylidae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 74: 127–156.
[SC07] Smith, W. L., & M. T. Craig. 2007. Casting the percomorph net widely: the importance of broad taxonomic sampling in the search for the placement of serranid and percid fishes. Copeia 2007 (1): 35–55.
[SER18] Smith, W. L., E. Everman & C. Richardson. 2018. Phylogeny and taxonomy of flatheads, scorpionfishes, sea robins, and stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the evolution of the lachrymal saber. Copeia 106 (1): 94–119.
[T09] Thacker, C. E. 2009. Phylogeny of Gobioidei and placement within Acanthomorpha, with a new classification and investigation of diversification and character evolution. Copeia 2009 (1): 93–104.
[UT08] Urakawa, H., Y. Tajima, Y. Numata & S. Tsuneda. 2008. Low temperature decreases the phylogenetic diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in aquarium biofiltration systems. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74 (3): 894–900.