Vittariaceae

Belongs within: Pteridaceae.

The Vittariaceae are a group of mostly epiphytic or lithophytic ferns found primarily in damp forests of the Old and New World tropics. A number of species are known to have ribbon-shaped gametophytes that are able to propagate themselves asexually through filamentous gemmae.

Characters (from Lindsay 2003): Plants with creeping rhizomes on which fronds usually arranged in two rows on dorsal surface; fronds usually simple, pendulous, lacking sclerenchyma, venation reticulate (occasionally reduced to a mid-rib with or without a few free lateral veins); epidermis of fronds containing spicule cells (elongated idioblasts containing needle-like crystals). Sporangia arranged in simple or branched soral lines, soral lines usually containing paraphyses. Gametophytes (where known) ribbon-shaped, perennial, usually bearing filamentous gemmae.

<==Vittariaceae
    |  i. s.: Rheopteris cheesmaniae Alston 1956L03
    |         Monogramme [incl. Vaginularia]L03
    |           |--M. junghuhniiB78
    |           |    |--M. j. var. junghuhniiB78
    |           |    `--M. j. var. tenella [incl. Diclidopteris angustissima]B78
    |           `--M. paradoxaT-W89
    |--+--HaplopterisL03
    |  |    |  i. s.: H. elongataL03 [=Vittaria elongata Swartz 1806L03, I88]
    |  |    |         H. scolopendrina [=Vittaria scolopendrina]L03
    |  |    |--+--‘Vittaria’ anguste-elongataL03
    |  |    |  `--H. zosterifolia [=Vittaria zosterifolia]L03
    |  |    `--+--H. ensiformis [=Vittaria ensiformis]L03
    |  |       `--‘Vittaria’ flexuosa Fée 1852L03, I88
    |  `--+--Hecistopteris pumilaL03
    |     `--Radiovittaria [=Vittaria subg. Radiovittaria]L03
    |          |--‘Vittaria’ minimaL03
    |          `--+--‘Vittaria’ remotaL03
    |             `--+--‘Vittaria’ gardnerianaL03
    |                `--‘Vittaria’ stipitataL03
    `--+--AntrophyumL03
       |    |--A. durvillaei Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828BS-V28
       |    |--A. latifoliumT-W89
       |    |--A. lessonii Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828BS-V28
       |    |--A. nanumT-W89
       |    |--A. obovatum Baker 1898I88
       |    |--A. obtusatum Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828BS-V28
       |    |--A. plantagineumL03 [=Asplenium plantagineumV97, Hemionitis plantagineaBS-V28]
       |    |--A. pumilum [incl. Hemionitis immersa]BS-V28
       |    |--A. reticulatum (Forster) Kaulf. 1824I88 (see below for synonymy)
       |    `--A. semicostatumB78
       `--+--Ananthocorus angustifolius [=Vittaria angustifolia; incl. V. costata]L03
          |--ScoliosorusL03
          |    |--‘Antrophyum’ (subg. Scoliosorus) ensiformeL03
          |    `--‘Antrophyum’ subg. AntrophyopsisL03
          |         |--A. boryanumL03 [=Hemionitis boryanaBS-V28]
          |         `--A. mannianumL03
          |--+--Anetium citrifoliumL03
          |  `--Polytaenium [=Antrophyum subg. Polytaenium]L03
          |       |--‘Antrophyum’ lineatumL03
          |       `--+--‘Antrophyum’ cajenenseL03
          |          `--‘Antrophyum’ lanceolatumL03
          `--VittariaL03
               |  i. s.: V. falcataT-W89
               |         V. filifoliaL54
               |         V. forrestiana Ching 1941I88
               |         V. moritizianaJ87
               |         V. plantagineaBS-V28
               |         V. rigidaBS-V28
               |         V. sikkimensis Kuhn 1869I88
               |         V. sulcataT-W89
               |         V. taeniophylla Copel. 1906 [incl. V. revoluta Don 1825 non von Willdenow ex Kaulf. 1824]I88
               |--+--V. appalachianaL03
               |  `--V. graminifoliaL03
               `--+--V. isoetifoliaL03
                  `--+--V. dimorphaL03
                     `--V. lineataL03 [=Pteris lineataV97]

Antrophyum reticulatum (Forster) Kaulf. 1824^I88 [=Hemionitis reticulata^BS-V28; incl. H. coriacea Don 1825^I88, A. coriaceum (Don) Wallich ex Hooker 1868^I88]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[B78] Bentham, G. 1878. Flora Australiensis: A description of the plants of the Australian Territory vol. 7. Roxburghiaceae to Filices. L. Reeve & Co.: London.

[BS-V28] Bory de Saint-Vincent, J. B. 1828. Voyage Autour du Monde, Exécuté par Ordre du Roi, Sur la Corvette de Sa Majesté, La Coquille, pendant les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. Botanique. Cryptogamie. Arthus Bertrand: Paris.

[I88] Iwatsuki, K. 1988. An enumeration of the pteridophytes of Nepal. In: Ohba, H., & S. B. Malla (eds) The Himalayan Plants vol. 1. The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 31: 231–339.

[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.

[L03] Lindsay, S. 2003. Considerations for a revision of the fern family Vittariaceae for Flora Malesiana. Telopea 10 (1): 99–112.

[L54] Lötschert, W. 1954. Beitrag zur Pteridophyten-Flora von Mittel-Amerika. Senckenbergiana Biologica 35 (1-2): 109–119.

[T-W89] Tenison-Woods, J. E. 1889. On the vegetation of Malaysia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 4 (1): 9–106, pls 1–9.

[V97] Ventenat, C. 1797. Extrait d’un mémoire sur les fougeres, de M. Smith. Bulletin des Sciences, par la Societé Philomathique de Paris 1 (9): 71–72.