Westonoceratidae

Belongs within: Nautilosiphonata.

The Middle Ordovician to Middle Devonian westonoceratid lineage included the paraphyletic Westonoceratidae and its descendant families Lowoceratidae and Discosoridae.

Characters (from Teichert 1964): Conchs mostly compressed exogastric cyrtocones (endogastric in Discosoridae, slender in Lowoceratidae); siphuncles moderate-sized; apertures constricted or open. Connecting rings thin to moderately thick; bullettes inflated in early forms, less so in adult Lowoceratidae and Discosoridae; parietal deposits in interior of siphuncle, forming endocones in later forms. Cameral deposits may be present.

<==Westonoceratidae
    |  i. s.: Broeggeroceras Sweet 1958T64
    |           `--*B. contractum Sweet 1958T64
    |         Edenoceras hiliferumKE19
    |--Antiphragmoceras Foerste 1925T64
    |    `--*A. ulrichi Foerste 1925T64
    `--+--Simardoceras Flower 1957T64
       |    `--*S. simardense Flower 1957T64
       |--Sinclairoceras Flower 1952T64
       |    `--*S. haha Flower 1952T64
       `--+--Teichertoceras Foerste 1933T64
          |    `--*T. husseyi Foerste 1933T64
          `--+--+--Lavaloceras Flower 1952T64
             |  |    `--*L. geniculatum Flower 1952T64
             |  `--Winnipegoceras Foerste 1928T64
             |       |--*W. laticurvatum (Whiteaves 1895) [=Cyrtoceras laticurvatum]T64
             |       |--W. humei Miller, Youngquist & Collinson 1954P68
             |       |--W. royi Miller, Youngquist & Collinson 1954P68
             |       `--W. sinclairiT64
             |--Westonoceras Foerste 1924 [=Westenoceras Foerste 1924; incl. Thuleoceras Troedsson 1926]T64
             |    |--*W. manitobense (Whiteaves 1890) [=Cyrtoceras manitobense]T64
             |    |--W. albertasaskatuanaeKE19
             |    |--W. breviposticumP68
             |    |--W. cornulumP68
             |    |--W. deckeri Foerste 1935P68
             |    |--W. iowense Foerste & Teichert 1930P68
             |    |--W. ortoniP68
             |    |--W. rallsense Foerste & Teichert 1930P68
             |    |--W. thompsoni Miller, Youngquist & Collinson 1954P68
             |    |--W. tumidumKE19
             |    |--W. washburni Miller, Youngquist & Collinson 1954P68
             |    `--W. wilsonae Miller, Youngquist & Collinson 1954P68
             `--+--Reedsoceras Foerste 1929 [=Conradoceras Foerste 1928 non Foerste 1926]T64
                |    `--*R. macrostomum (Hall 1847) [=Cyrtoceras macrostomum]T64
                |--Hecatoceras Teichert & Glenister 1952T64
                |    `--*H. longinquum Teichert & Glenister 1952T64
                |--Faberoceras Flower 1946T64
                |    |--*F. multicinctum Flower 1946T64
                |    `--F. saffordi Foerste in Flower 1946P68
                |--Greenlandoceras Shimizu & Obata 1935 (see below for synonymy)T64
                |    |--*G. lineatum (Troedsson 1926) [=Sactoceras lineatum, *Sactocerina lineata]T64
                |    `--G. striatum (Troedsson 1926)K93
                |--+--Clarkesvillia Flower 1946T64
                |  |    `--*C. halei Flower 1946T64
                |  `--Glyptodendron Claypole 1878T64
                |       |--*G. eatonense Claypole 1878 [=Cyrtoceras (Glyptodendron) eatonense]T64
                |       `--G. subcompressumT64
                `--+--LowoceratidaeT64
                   |    |--Lowoceras Foerste & Savage 1927T64
                   |    |    `--*L. southamptonense Foerste & Savage 1927T64
                   |    `--Tuyloceras Foerste & Savage 1927T64
                   |         `--*T. percurvatum Foerste & Savage 1927T64
                   `--DiscosoridaeT64
                        |--Endodiscosorus Teichert 1931T64
                        |    `--*E. foerstei Teichert 1931T64
                        |--Kayoceras Foerste 1934T64
                        |    `--*K. biconoideum (Thomas 1915) [=Discosorus biconoideus]T64
                        |--Alpenoceras Foerste 1927 (see below for synonymy)T64
                        |    |--*A. ulrichi Foerste 1927T64
                        |    |--A. eifelenseT64
                        |    `--A. robustum (Schindewolf 1944)K93
                        `--+--Stokesoceras Foerste 1924T64
                           |    |--*S. romingeri Foerste 1924T64
                           |    `--S. engadinenseT64
                           `--Discosorus Hall 1852T64
                                |--*D. conoideus Hall 1852T64
                                |--D. austini Foerste 1934P68
                                |--D. ehlersiT64
                                |--D. lyonsense Foerste 1934P68
                                `--D. perexpansum Foerste 1934P68

Alpenoceras Foerste 1927 [incl. Endostokesoceras Schindewolf 1944, Neodiscosorus Schindewolf 1944]^T64

Greenlandoceras Shimizu & Obata 1935 [=Sactocerina Kobayashi 1936, incl. Striatoceras Shimizu & Obata 1935; Greenlandoceratidae, Striatoceratidae]^T64

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[K93] King, A. H. 1993. Mollusca: Cephalopoda (Nautiloidea). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 169–188. Chapman & Hall: London.

[KE19] King, A. H., & D. H. Evans. 2019. High-level classification of the nautiloid cephalopods: a proposal for the revision of the Treatise Part K. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 138: 65–85.

[P68] Purnell, L. R. 1968. Catalog of the type specimens of invertebrate fossils. Part I: Paleozoic Cephalopoda. United States National Museum Bulletin 262: 1–198.

[T64] Teichert, C. 1964. Nautiloidea—Discosorida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt K. Mollusca 3. Cephalopoda—General Features—Endoceratoidea—Actinoceratoidea—Nautiloidea—Bactritoidea pp. K320–K342. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press.