Zachaeus

Belongs within: Phalangiidae.

Zacheus is a genus of large-bodied phalangiid harvestmen found in the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia (Kurt et al. 2015). Historically, there has been confusion regarding the correct spelling of the genus name; Crawford (1992) provides reasoning for use of the spelling ‘Zachaeus‘.

Characters (from Kurt et al. 2015): Body large, heavily denticulated dorsally; chelicerae usually strong, second segment enlarged; pedipalps normally structured, strong, robust; legs short, first pair much thicker than others; truncus of penis basally widened, parallel-sided on distal half, distally shallow spoon-shaped, glans usually banana-shaped (shorter in Z. anatolicus and Z. seyyari), stylus long.

<==Zachaeus Koch 1839K14 [=Zacheus Koch 1839C92]
    |--Z. crista (Brullé 1832)K14 (see below for synonymy)
    |--Z. anatolicus (Kulczyński 1903)K14 (see below for synonymy)
    |--Z. birulai Redikorzev 1936S99
    |--Z. canaliculatus Kollar in Roewer 1911 [=Phalangium canaliculatum ms non (Aiton) Poiret 1804 (ICBN)]R23
    |--Z. caucasicus Roewer 1911R23
    |--Z. cubanus Roewer 1923R23
    |--‘Dasylobus’ egaenoides Simon 1885 (n. d.)R23
    |--Z. hebraicus (Simon 1884)K14 [=Phalangium hebraicumR23, Z. crista var. hebraicusR23]
    |--Z. kervillei (Sørensen 1912) (n. d.)KKY15 [=Egaenus kervilleiR23]
    |--Z. leucomelas (Simon 1884)R23 [=Phalangium hebraicum leucomelasR11, Zachaeus crista var. leucomelasR23]
    |--Z. lupatus (Eichwald 1830) [incl. E. gulosus Simon 1878]S03
    |--Z. macrinus Roewer 1956R56
    |--Z. mirabilis (Caporiacco 1949)KKY15
    |--Z. orchimonti (Giltay 1933)K14
    |--Z. palpipes Roewer 1915R23
    |--Z. redikorzevi (Staręga & Chevrizov 1978)K14
    |--Z. seyyari Kurt, Koç & Yağmur 2015KKY15
    |--Z. shachdag (Snegovaya & Staręga 2008)KKY15
    `--Z. simferopolensis Chemeris & Kovblyuk 2005 [=Z. simpheropolensis]CK05

Zachaeus anatolicus (Kulczyński 1903)^K14 [=Egaenus crista var. anatolicus^R23, Z. crista var. anatolicus^R23; incl. Metaphalangium kratochvili Šilhavý 1965^SM12]

Zachaeus crista (Brullé 1832)^K14 [=Phalangium crista^C92, Egaenus crista^C92; incl. E. hungaricus Lendl 1894^M78, Zachaeus crista var. hungaricus^R23, Paropilio lineatus Roewer 1956^M78, *Zachaeus mordax Koch 1839^C92, Egaenus mordax^R23, Metaphalangium rhodesensis Özdikmen, Kurt & Demir 2010^KM20, M. strandi Caporiacco 1949 non Phalangium strandi Nosek 1905^KM20, Zachaeus trinotatus Koch 1839^R23, E. variegatus Lendl 1894^M78, Z. crista var. variegatus^R23]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[CK05] Chemeris, A. N., & N. M. Kovblyuk. 2005. A contribution to the knowledge of the harvestman fauna of the Crimea (Arachnida: Opiliones). Arthropoda Selecta 14 (4): 305–328.

[C92] Crawford, R. L. 1992. Catalogue of the genera and type species of the harvestman superfamily Phalangioidea (Arachnida). Burke Museum Contributions in Anthropology and Natural History 8: 1–60.

[K14] Kurt, K. 2014. Updated checklist of harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) in Turkey. Arch. Biol. Sci. 66 (4): 1617–1631.

[KKY15] Kurt, K., H. Koç & E. A. Yağmur. 2015. A new species of Zachaeus C. L. Koch from Turkey (Opiliones, Phalangiidae). ZooKeys 514: 15–23.

[KM20] Kury, A. B., A. C. Mendes, L. Cardoso, M. S. Kury & A. A. Granado. 2020. WCO-Lite: Online world catalogue of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Version 1.0—Checklist of all valid nomina in Opiliones with authors and dates of publication up to 2018. Published by the author: Rio de Janeiro.

[M78] Martens, J. 1978. Spinnentiere, Arachnida: Weberknechte, Opiliones. Gustav Fischer Verlag: Jena.

[R11] Roewer, C.-F. 1911. Übersicht der Genera der Subfamilie der Phalangiini der Opiliones Palpatores nebst Beschreibung einiger neuer Gattungen und Arten. Archiv für Naturgesichte 77 (Suppl. 2): 1–106.

[R23] Roewer, C.-F. 1923. Die Weberknechte der Erde: Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannnten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer: Jena.

[R56] Roewer, C. F. 1956. Über Phalangiinae (Phalangiidae, Opiliones Palpatores). (Weitere Weberknechte XIX). Senckenbergiana Biologica 37 (3–4): 247–318.

[S99] Snegovaya, N. 1999. Contribution to the harvest spider (Arachnida, Opiliones) fauna of the Caucasus. Tr. J. of Zoology 23: 453–459.

[SM12] Snegovaya, N. Y., & Y. M. Marusik. 2012. New species and collections of Opiliones (Arachnida) from Turkey. Acta Arachnologica 61 (2): 59–70.

[S03] Staręga, W. 2003. On the identity and synonymies of some Asiatic Opilioninae (Opiliones: Phalangiidae). Acta Arachnologica 52 (2): 91–102.