Xiphidiata

Belongs within: Plagiorchiida.
Contains: Allocreadioidea, Plagiorchioidea, Microphalloidea, Gorgoderidae, Dicrocoeliidae.

The Xiphidiata are a clade of flukes united by molecular data, most of which possess a penetrating stylet as cercariae (Olson et al. 2003).

<==Xiphidiata
    |--+--AllocreadioideaOC03
    |  `--+--PlagiorchioideaOC03
    |     `--MicrophalloideaOC03
    `--GorgoderoideaOC03
         |--+--+--GorgoderidaeOC03
         |  |  `--Prosthenhystera [Callodistomidae]OC03
         |  |       `--P. obesaOC03
         |  `--+--+--DicrocoeliidaeOC03
         |     |  `--Encyclometra Baylis & Cannon 1924D56 [EncyclometridaeOC03, Encyclometriinae, Encyclometrinae]
         |     |       |--E. caudata (Polonio 1859) (see below for synonymy)D56
         |     |       `--E. colubrimurorum (Rudolphi 1819) [=Distomum colubrimurorum]D56
         |     `--Orchipedum Braun 1902D56 [OrchipedidaeOC03]
         |          |--O. armeniacum Skrjabin 1925D56
         |          |--O. centorchis Witenberg 1922D56
         |          |--O. formosum (Sonsino 1890) [=Distomum formosum, Polyorchis formosum]D56
         |          |--O. tracheicola Braun 1901D56
         |          `--O. turkestanicum Skrjabin 1913D56
         `--+--TroglotrematoideaOC03
            |    |--Paragonimus Braun 1899D56 [=Paragominus (l. c.)D56; incl. Polysarcus Looss 1899D56; ParagonimidaeOC03]
            |    |    |--P. iloktsuenensisOC03
            |    |    |--P. kellicottiD56
            |    |    `--P. westermani (Kebert 1878) (see below for synonymy)D56
            |    `--Troglotrematidae [Collyriclidae, Troglotremidae]OC03
            |         |--Nanophyetus salminicolaOC03 [=Troglotrema salmincolaD56]
            |         |--Nephrotrema truncatumOC03
            |         |--Collyriclum Kossack 1911D56
            |         |    `--C. faba (Bremser in Schmalz 1831) [=Monostoma faba, Wedlia faba; incl. M. bijugum Miescher 1838]D56
            |         |--Troglotrema Odhner 1914D56
            |         |    `--T. acutum (Leuckart 1842) [=Distoma acutum]D56
            |         `--Pholeter Odhner 1914D56
            |              `--P. gastrophilus (Kossack 1910) [=Distomum gastrophilum]D56
            `--HaploporidaeOC03
                 |  i. s.: Haploporus Looss 1902D56
                 |           |--H. benedenii (Stossich 1887) [=Distoma benedenii]D56
                 |           |--H. lateralis Looss 1902D56
                 |           `--H. longicollum Vlasenko 1931D56
                 |         Dicrogaster Looss 1902D56
                 |           |--D. contracta Looss 1902D56
                 |           `--D. perpusilla Looss 1902D56
                 |         Saccocoelium Looss 1902D56
                 |           |--S. obesum Looss 1902D56
                 |           `--S. tensum Looss 1902D56
                 |         Lecithobotrys Looss 1902D56
                 |           `--L. putrescens Looss 1902D56
                 |--Hapladena nasonisOC03
                 `--+--Pseudomegasolena ishigakienseOC03
                    `--Atractotrema [Atractotrematidae]OC03
                         `--A. siganiOC03

Encyclometra caudata (Polonio 1859) [=Distomum caudatum; incl. Odhneria bolognensis Baer 1924, Encyclometra bolognensis, E. natricis Baylis & Cannon 1924, Orthorchis natricis, Distomum subflavum Sonsino 1892, Encyclometra subflava, Paraplagiorchis timotheevi Dollfus 1924]^D56

Paragonimus westermani (Kebert 1878) [=Distoma westermani, Mesogonimus westermani, Polysarcus westermani; incl. Distoma pulmonale Baelz 1883, D. pulmonis, D. ringeri Cobbold 1880, Mesogonimus ringeri, Paragonimus ringeri]^D56

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[D56] Dawes, B. 1956. The Trematoda with special reference to British and other European forms 2^nd ed. University Press: Cambridge.

[OC03] Olson, P. D., T. H. Cribb, V. V. Tkach, R. A. Bray & D. T. J. Littlewood. 2003. Phylogeny and classification of the Digenea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda). International Journal for Parasitology 33: 733–755.