Belongs within: Macluritida.
Contains: Euomphalus, Straparollus.
The Euomphalidae are a group of often discoidal gastropods known from the Ordovician to the Triassic, generally with a sharp dorsal ridge marking the position of the exhalant channel. In the Devonian genera Mastigospira and Odontomaria, the shell is straight or gently curved, and more or less triangular in cross section (Knight et al. 1960).
Characters (Knight et al. 1960): Shell mostly discoidal with wide umbilicus, but varying widely in form; abandoned early part of whorls closed off by septa; presumed exhalant channel generally present within outer-upper angulation, rarely with short slit or selenizone; outer calcitic shell may be pigmented, foreign materials such as other shells may be cemented to outer surface.
<==Euomphalidae
|--Odontomaria Roemer 1876KC60 [OdontomariinaeBR17]
| |--*O. elephantina Roemer 1876KC60
| |--O. cindiprelleraeF12
| `--O. gracilisF12
`--EuomphalinaeBR17
|--EuomphalusBR05
|--StraparollusBR17
|--Schizostoma Bronn 1835BR17, BR05 [Schizostomatidae, Schizostomica]
| `--*S. catillum (Martin 1809) [=Helicites catillus]BR17
`--Poleumita Clarke & Ruedemann 1903BR17, BR05 (see below for synonymy)
`--*P. discors (Sowerby 1814) [=Euomphalus discors, *Polytropina discors, *Polytropis discors]KC60
Euomphalidae incertae sedis:
NodeuomphalusFBL02
Serpulospira Cossmann 1915FBL02 [=Serpularia Roemer 1843 nec Fries 1829 nec Münster 1840KC60]
|--*S. centrifuga (Romer 1843) [=*Serpularia centrifuga, Straparollus (*Serpulospira) centrifugus]KC60
|--S. crassitesta (Tietze 1870)D94
`--S. pustulosaF12
Planotectus Yochelson 1956KC60
`--*P. cymbellatus Yochelson 1956KC60
Tongweispira Tong & Erwin 2001TE01
`--*T. sichuanensis Tong & Erwin 2001TE01
Heteronodosus Pan & Zhang 1983PZ83
`--*H. giganteus Pan & Zhang 1983PZ83
Centrifugus Bronn 1834 [=Hisingeria Ulrich & Scofield 1897, Inachus Hisinger 1837 non Fabricius 1798]KC60
`--*C. planorbis Bronn 1834 [=*Hisingeria planorbis, *Inachus planorbis]KC60
Pleuronotus Hall 1879KC60
`--*P. decewi (Billings 1861) [=Euomphalus decewi]KC60
Mastigospira LaRocque 1949KC60
`--*M. alatus (Whiteaves 1892) [=Hyolithes alatus]KC60
Phanerotinus Sowerby 1844 [=Phanerotina Paetel 1875]KC60
`--*P. cristatus (Phillips 1836) [=Euomphalus cristatus]KC60
Anisostoma Koken 1889 [=Platystoma Hörnes 1855 nec Meigen 1803 nec (Fr.) Bonord. 1851 (ICBN)]KC60
`--*A. suessi (Hörnes 1855) [=*Platystoma suessi]KC60
Condonella McClellan 1927KC60
`--*C. suciensis McClellan 1927KC60
Woehrmannia Böhm 1895KC60
|--*W. boehmi Kittl 1899KC60
`--W. lineataKC60
Crenilunula Knight 1945KC60
|--*C. limata (Lindström 1884) [=Pleurotomaria limata]KC60
`--C. markhaensis Peel & Gubanov 1997FBL02
Lytospira Koken 1896FBL02
|--*L. angelini (Lindström 1884) [=Euomphalus angelini]KC60
|--L. exarata (Hadding 1913) [=Hyolithes exaratus, Hyolithus (l. c.) exaratus]M02
|--L. grocera (Roemer 1876)TTE93
`--L. norvegica Koken 1925M02
Nummocalcar Cossmann 1896KC60
|--*N. (Nummocalcar) polygonium (d’Archiac 1843) [=Solarium polygonium]KC60
`--N. (Platybasis Cossmann 1916)KC60
`--N. (*P.) pulchellus (d’Orbigny 1850) [=Straparollus pulchellus]KC60
Cylicioscapha Yochelson 1956PE02
|--*C. texana (Yochelson 1956)PE02 [=Amphiscapha (*Cylicioscapha) texanaKC60]
|--C. alta Pan 1984PE02
|--C. giganteusPE02
|--C. longlingensis Pan 1985PE02
|--C. multinodosa Pan 1983 [incl. Euomphalus gigantonodus Wang 1985]PE02
|--C. siensis Qiao 1983PE02
|--C. subquadrataP85
`--C. williamsiPE02
Lecanospira Butts 1926LK84, KC60
|--*L. (Lecanospira) compacta (Salter 1859) [=Ophileta compacta]KC60
`--L. (Barnesella Bridge & Cloud 1947)KC60
`--L. (*B.) lecanospiroides (Bridge & Cloud 1947) [=*Barnesella lecanospiroides]KC60
Ophiletina Ulrich in Ulrich & Scofield 1897LK84
|--*O. sublaxa Ulrich & Scofield 1897KC60
`--O. angularisKC60
Euomphalopsis Ulrich & Bridge 1931LK84
Sinutropis Perner 1903LK84
Nevadaspira Yochelson 1971LK84
Austerum Heidecker 1959LK80
Labrocuspis Heidecker 1959LK84
BicarinaJB12
Amphiscapha Knight 1942KC60
|--*A. reedsi (Knight 1934) [=Straparollus (Euomphalus) reedsi]KC60
`--A. catilloidesF12
Paromphalus Grabau 1936KC60
`--P. ammonitiformis (Etheridge 1902) [=Straparollus ammonitiformis]F71
Poleumita Clarke & Ruedemann 1903BR17, BR05 [=Polytropina Donald 1905KC60, Polytropis de Koninck 1881 non Sandberger 1875BR05, Polytrophis (l. c.)BR05; Poleumitidae, Polytrophidae, Polytropidae]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.
[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.
[D94] Dzik, J. 1994. Evolution of ‘small shelly fossils’ assemblages of the early Paleozoic. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 39 (3): 247–313.
[F12] Frýda, J. 2012. Phylogeny of Palaeozoic gastropods inferred from their ontogeny. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 395–435. Springer.
[FBL02] Frýda, J., R. B. Blodgett & A. C. Lenz. 2002. New Early Devonian gastropods from the families Crassimarginatidae (new family) and Scoliostomatidae (new family), Royal Creek area, Yukon Territory, Canada. Journal of Paleontology 76 (2): 246–255.
[JB12] Johnson, M. E., & B. G. Baarli. 2012. Development of intertidal biotas through Phanerozoic time. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 63–128. Springer.
[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.
[LK84] Linsley, R. M., & W. M. Kier. 1984. The Paragastropoda: a proposal for a new class of Paleozoic Mollusca. Malacologia 25 (1): 241–254.
[M02] Malinky, J. M. 2002. A revision of Early to Mid Ordovician hyoliths from Sweden. Palaeontology 45: 511–555.
[PE02] Pan, H.-Z., & D. H. Erwin. 2002. Gastropods from the Permian of Guangxi and Yunnan Provinces, south China. Journal of Paleontology 76 (Memoir 56): 1–49.
[P85] Pan Y.-T. 1985. Fossil Gastropoda from the Permian of Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 24 (1): 29–37.
[PZ83] Pan Y.-T. & Zhang Y.-C. 1983. Heteronodosus, a new genus of Gastropoda from Lower Permian of Sichuan. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 22 (5): 593–595.
[TE01] Tong, J., & D. H. Erwin. 2001. Triassic gastropods of the southern Qinling Mountains, China. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 92: 1–47.
[TTE93] Tracey, S., J. A. Todd & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Gastropoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 131–167. Chapman & Hall: London.