Mymaridae

Belongs within: Chalcidoidea.
Contains: Alaptini, Mymarini, Anaphes, Stethynium, Ooctonini, Anagrini.

The Mymaridae, fairy flies, are a family of lightly-built egg-parasitoid wasps that include some of the smallest of all living insects.

Characters (from Bouček 1988): Blade of hindwing (brachypterous forms rare) not reaching base, being reduced to a linear stalk formed by submarginal vein; frons with H-shaped impressed lines, adorbital vertical lines connected not far above antennae by a straight cross-line; antennal toruli much nearer to eyes than to each other; forewing almost always without postmarginal vein, stigmal vein reduced to a short stub and mostly situated far before middle of anterior margin; antenna without anelli after pedicel, in females with conspicuous long-oval clava; appendages mostly very long and slender; body usually below 2 mm length; egg parasites.

<==Mymaridae [Alaptinae, Mymarinae]
    |--+--Acmopolynema variumHB13
    |  `--MymariniHB13
    `--+--+--AustralomymarHB13
       |  `--+--+--AnaphesHB13
       |     |  `--StethyniumHB13
       |     `--+--OoctoniniHB13
       |        `--+--BorneomymarHB13
       |           |    |--B. discusHB13
       |           |    `--B. madagascarHB13
       |           `--LitusHB13
       |                |--L. cynipseusHB13
       |                |--L. krygeriRD77
       |                `--L. mexicanus Doutt 1973P92
       `--+--AnagriniHB13
          `--+--+--CeratanaphesHB13
             |  `--Eubroncus [Eubroncinae]HB13
             `--Erythmelus Enock 1909HB13, GM79 [incl. Enasius Enock 1909G29, GM79]
                  |--E. cinctiventris Girault 1929GM79 [=Anaphes cinctiventrisG29]
                  |--E. gracilipes (Howard 1881)GM79 [=Anaphes gracilipesG29]
                  |--E. gracilis (Howard 1881)GM79 [=Anaphes gracilisG29]
                  |--E. io (Girault 1911)G29, GM79 [=Anagrus ioG29]
                  |--E. mirus Girault 1938GM79
                  |--E. picinus (Girault 1916)GM79 [=Anaphes picinusG29]
                  |--E. psalidis Gahan 1937G37
                  |--E. rosascostaiHB13
                  |--E. schilleri Girault 1931G31b
                  `--E. tintoreti Girault 1922GM79
Mymaridae incertae sedis:
  PlatypassonS01
  AresconM83
  Caraphractus cinctus [incl. Polynema natans]A71
  ParanaphoideaG23
    |--P. auripes Girault 1925G25
    |--P. elongata Girault 1923G23
    `--P. eucalypti Girault 1925GM79
  PolynemoideaG31a
    |--P. domestica Girault 1931G31a
    `--P. mexicana Doutt 1973P92
  ParufensG31a
    |--P. argentibiae Girault 1915GM79
    |--P. argentipes Girault 1913GM79
    |--P. ipswichia Girault 1922G22
    `--P. spinosus Girault 1931G31a
  AlaptiniG29
  Dicopomorpha echmepterygisHB13
  KikikiHB13
  Enneagmus pristinus Yoshimoto 1975HB13, P92
  HimopolynemaHB13
  Triadomerus bulbosusRJ93
  Omyomymar Schauff 1983LC96
    |--O. alarLC96
    |--O. breve Lin & Chiappini 1996LC96
    |--O. clavatumLC96
    |--O. glabrum Lin & Chiappini 1996LC96
    |--O. grisselliLC96
    |--O. longidigitum Lin & Chiappini 1996LC96
    `--O. silvanumLC96
  CarpenterianaP92
  ProtooctonusP92
  Galloromma Schlüter 1978P92
    `--*G. bezonnaisensisP92
  MalfattiaP92

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[G37] Gahan, A. B. 1937. Two new chalcidoid egg parasites (Eulophidae and Mymaridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 39 (9): 266–269.

[G22] Girault, A. A. 1922. The true remedy for head lice, dedication of a new animal to the quality of majesty and so forth. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 166).

[G23] Girault, A. A. 1923. Loves wooed and won in Australia. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 167–169).

[G25] Girault, A. A. 1925. Some gem-like or marvellous inhabitants of the woodlands heretofore unknown and by most never seen or dreamt of. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 191–193).

[G29] Girault, A. A. 1929. North American Hymenoptera Mymaridae. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 233–261).

[G31a] Girault, A. A. 1931a. A new habit in an old insect, Homo pudicus and new Eurytomidae. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 280–283).

[G31b] Girault, A. A. 1931b. Hymenoptera, Thysanoptera nova Australiensis. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 284–285).

[GM79] Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 1–400.

[HB13] Heraty, J. M., R. A. Burks, A. Cruaud, G. A. P. Gibson, J. Liljeblad, J. Munro, J.-Y. Rasplus, G. Delvare, P. Janšta, A. Gumovsky, J. Huber, J. B. Woolley, L. Krogmann, S. Heydon, A. Polaszek, S. Schmidt, D. C. Darling, M. W. Gates, J. Mottern, E. Murray, A. D. Molin, S. Triapitsyn, H. Baur, J. D. Pinto, S. van Noort, J. George & M. Yoder. 2013. A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). Cladistics 29: 466–542.

[LC96] Lin, N. Q., & E. Chiappini. 1996. First record of Omyomymar (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from China, with the descriptions of three new species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (2): 301–307.

[M83] Martin, N. A. 1983. Miscellaneous observations on a pasture fauna: an annotated species list. DSIR Entomology Division Report 3: 1–98.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms’ General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[S01] Stringer, I. A. N. 2001. The reproductive biology and the eggs of New Zealand Anostostomatidae. In: Field, L. H. (ed.) The Biology of Wetas, King Crickets and Their Allies pp. 379–397. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).