Belongs within: Caridea.
Contains: Synalpheus, Alpheus, Hippolyte.
The Alpheoidea are a group of shrimps in which the first pair of pereiopods are distinctly chelate, containing the snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) and cleaner shrimps (Hippolytidae). The first pair of pereiopods in members of this group is well developed; in the snapping shrimps one chela is enlarged and used to produce a loud cracking noise. The Alpheidae also have the eyes at least partially hidden by the front margin of the carapace. In the Hippolytidae, the eyes are exposed as in other shrimp groups; members of this family have the carpus of pereiopod 2 subdivided into a number of short segments. Smaller families include the Barbouriidae, a group of shrimps restricted to anchialine or marine caves.
<==Alpheoidea |--Ogyrides Stebbing 1914 [=Ogyris Stimpson 1860 non Angas 1847; Ogyridae, Ogyrididae]MD01 | |--O. alphaerostris (Kingsley 1880) [=O. occidentalis (Ortmann 1893)]M88 | `--O. hayi Williams 1981M88 |--BythocarididaeMD01 | |--BythocarisMD01 | |--CryptochelesMD01 | `--BathyhippolyteMD01 |--BarbouriidaeMD01 | |--Barbouria Rathbun 1912H86 | | `--B. cubensis (von Martens 1872)H86 | |--Janicea Manning & Hart 1984MD01, H86 | | `--J. antiguensis (Chace 1972)H86 | `--Parhippolyte Borradaile 1899MD01, H86 | `--P. uveae Borradaile 1899H86 |--AlpheidaeD84 | |--SynalpheusD84 | |--Salmoneus ortmanniM85 | |--Alpheopsis trispinosa (Stimpson 1861)MG-H11 | |--AlpheusD84 | |--Metalpheus paragracilis (Coutière 1897)J90 | |--Potamalpheops Powell 1979H86 | | `--P. stygicola (Hobbs 1973) [=Alpheopsis stygicola]H86 | |--AutomateH86 | | |--A. branchialis Holthuis & Gottlieb 1958KK03 | | `--A. dolichognatha de Man 1888H86 | |--Metabetaeus Borradaile 1899H86 | | |--M. lohena Banner & Banner 1960H86 | | `--M. minutus (Whitelegge 1897)H86 | `--AthanasJ90 | |--A. amazone Holthuis 1951KK03 | |--A. areteformis Coutière 1903J90 | |--A. dimorphus Ortmann 1894J90 | |--A. laevirrhynchusPP64 | |--A. nitescens (Leach 1814)KK03 | |--A. ornithorhynchus Banner & Banner 1973J90 | `--A. sibogae de Man 1910J90 `--Hippolytidae [Alopidae]MD01 |--Chorismus antarcticus (Pfeffer 1887)FZA07 |--CaridionMD01 |--Thor amboinensis de Man 1888TSH09 |--Merhippolyte chacei Kensley, Tanter & Griffin 1987MG-H11 |--Tozeuma tomentosum (Baker 1904)MG-H11 |--Yagerocaris cozumel Kensley 1988CCS04 |--HippolyteM85 |--Nauticaris Bate 1888 [Nauticarididae]B04 | `--N. marionis Bate 1888FZA07 |--Somersiella Hart & Manning 1981H86 | `--S. sterreri Hart & Manning 1981H86 |--AlopeH86 | |--A. australis Baker 1904J90 | `--A. spinifrons (Milne Edwards 1837)H86 |--LatreutesM85 | |--L. fucorum [incl. L. ensiferus]M85 | `--L. parvulus (Stimpson 1866)M88 |--Calliasmata Holthuis 1973H86 | |--C. pholidota Holthuis 1973H86 | `--C. rimolii Chace 1975H86 |--SaronTSH09 | |--S. marmoratus (Oliver 1811)TSH09 | `--S. neglectus de Man 1902TSH09 |--LebbeusMG-H11 | |--L. clarehannah McCallum & Poore 2010MG-H11 | `--L. polaris (Sabine 1824)FZA07 |--AngasiaSS72 | |--A. armata (Paulson 1875) [=Tozeuma armatum, T. armata]SS72 | `--A. carolinense [=Tozeuma carolinense]SS72 |--HippolysmataJ90 | |--H. grabhamiSC62 | `--H. vittata Stimpson 1860J90 |--Spirontocaris Spence Bate 1888M85, S00 | |--S. gaimardii (Milne-Edwards 1837) (see below for synonymy)S00 | |--S. lilljeborgii (Danielssen 1861)M85, S00 [=Hippolyte liljeborgiS00] | |--S. phippsii (Kröyer 1841)M85, S00 [=Hippolyte phippsiiS00] | |--S. polaris (Sabine 1821) (see below for synonymy)S00 | `--S. spinus (Sowerby 1805) (see below for synonymy)S00 |--EualusMG-H11 | |--E. fabriciiM85 | |--E. gaimardiiM85 | |--E. macilentus (Krøyer 1841)FZA07 | |--E. occultus (Lebour 1936)KK03 | `--E. pusiolusM85 `--LysmataMG-H11 |--L. amboinensis (de Man 1888)MG-H11 |--L. grabhami (Gordon 1935)CCS04 |--L. rathbunaeM85 |--L. seticaudata (Risso 1816)KK03 |--L. ternatensisPP64 `--L. wurdemanniM85
Spirontocaris gaimardii (Milne-Edwards 1837) [=Hippolyte gaimardii; incl. H. belcheri, H. gibba Kröyer 1842, H. pandaliformis]S00
Spirontocaris polaris (Sabine 1821) [=Alpheus polaris, Hippolyte polaris; incl. H. borealis Owen 1835, H. cultellata Norman 1867]S00
Spirontocaris spinus (Sowerby 1805) [=Cancer spinus, Alphaeus spinus, Alpheus spinus, Hippolyte spina, H. spinus; incl. H. securifrons Norman 1863, H. sowerbaei Leach 1817, H. sowerbei, H. sowerbyi]S00
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B04] Boyko, C. B. 2004. The Bopyridae (Crustacea, Isopoda) parasites of the Stylodactylidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). Zoosystema 26 (2): 199–210.
[CCS04] Calado, R., P. Chevaldonné & A. dos Santos. 2004. A new species of the deep-sea genus Bresilia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Bresiliidae) discovered from a shallow-water cave in Madeira. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84: 191–199.
[D84] Dardeau, M. R. 1984. Synalpheus shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). I. The Gambarelloides group, with a description of a new species. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 7 (2): 1–125.
[FZA07] Fiege, D., H. Zibrowius & P. M. Arnaud. 2007. New deep-water records of cocoons of undescribed species of Fecampiidae from Antarctica to the Bay of Biscay (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria, Rhabdocoela). Senckenbergiana Biologica 87 (1): 1–6.
[H86] Holthuis, L. B. 1986. Decapoda. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 589–615. E. J. Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys: Leiden.
[J90] Jones, D. S. 1990. Annotated checklist of marine decapod Crustacea from Shark Bay, Western Australia. In: Berry, P. F., S. D. Bradshaw & B. R. Wilson (eds) Research in Shark Bay: Report of the France-Australe Bicentenary Expedition Committee pp. 169–208. Western Australian Museum.
[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.
[M85] Markham, J. C. 1985. A review of the bopyrid isopods infesting caridean shrimps in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, with special reference to those collected during the Hourglass Cruises in the Gulf of Mexico. Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 7 (3): 1–156.
[M88] Markham, J. C. 1988. Descriptions and revisions of some species of Isopoda Bopyridae of the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. Zoologische Verhandelingen 246: 1–63.
[MD01] Martin, J. W., & G. E. Davis. 2001. An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1–124.
[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.
[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d’Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.
[SS72] Sankolli, K. N., & S. S. Shenoy. 1972. On the occurrence of the hippolytid prawn, Angasia armata (Paulson) (Decapoda, Crustacea) in Bombay waters, its cannibalistic behaviour and its larvae. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (2): 369–377.
[SC62] Starck, W. A., II & W. R. Courtenay Jr. 1962. Chorististium eukrines, a new serranid fish from Florida, with notes on related species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 75: 159–168.
[S00] Stebbing, T. R. R. 1900. Arctic Crustacea: Bruce collection. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 5: 1–16.
[TSH09] Titelius, M. A., A. Sampey & C. G. Hass. 2009. Crustaceans of Mermaid (Rowley Shoals), Scott and Seringapatam Reefs, north Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 77: 145–176.