Belongs within: Bacillariophycidae.
Amphora is a genus of solitary diatoms with arcuate to reniform frustules (Crosby & Ferguson Wood 1959).
Characters (Crosby & Ferguson Wood 1959): Cells solitary; frustules in valve view arcuate to reniform, in girdle view broadly elliptical with truncate apices; valves asymmetrical along longitudinal axis, but with planes passing through dorsal and ventral sides of one valve at angle with that of other; raphe evident, usually nearer ventral side of valve; girdle composed of several bands, punctate; central nodule may be dilated to stauros. Plastids usually single.
<==Amphora Ehrenberg 1840G75
|--A. normanniiBM08
`--+--A. libyca Ehrenberg 1840BM08, W61 [=A. ovalis var. libycaG63]
`--+--A. fogedianaBM08
`--A. pediculusBM08 [=A. ovalis var. pediculusG63]
Amphora incertae sedis:
A. acuta Greg. 1857W61
|--A. a. var. acutaM01
`--A. a. var. arcuataM01
A. acutiusculaG75
A. affinisG64
A. africana Heiden & Kolbe 1928G75
A. angularis Greg. 1855W61
A. angusta (Greg.) Cleve 1895G63
|--A. a. var. angustaG75 [=A. a. var. typica Cleve 1894-1895CFW59]
|--A. a. var. eulensteiniiG75
|--A. a. var. oblongellaG63
`--A. a. var. ventricosa (Gregory) Cleve 1895G75
A. arcusG75
A. arenaria Donkin 1858W61
A. aspera Petit 1877CFW59
A. australiensisTJ06
A. bacillarisG64
A. beaufortiana Hustedt 1955G75
A. berggrenii Cleve 1881CFW59
A. bigibba Grun. in A.S. 1875CFW59
A. binodisG64
A. biseriataG64
A. castellata Giffen 1963G63
A. cingulata Cleve 1895 [=A. ocellata var. cingulata]G75
A. coffaeiformis (Ag.) Kützing 1844W61 [=Frustulia coffaeiformis Ag. in Kützing 1844W61; incl. A. aponinaCFW59]
A. commutataG63
A. constricta [=Amphiprora constricta]G64
A. costataM01
A. crassa Greg. 1857CFW59
A. cristataCFW59
A. cuneata Cleve 1895W61
A. cymbifera Greg. 1857CFW59
A. decussataG63
A. dubiaG64
A. egregia A. S. 1875CFW59
A. elegansG64
A. elongataG64
A. ergadensisG64
A. eunotia Cleve 1895G75
A. excisaG64
A. exiguaG75
A. exilissima Giffen 1967G75
A. exilitata Giffen 1967G75
A. fasciata Greg. 1857W61
A. flexuosa Grev. 1863CFW59
A. fontinalis Hustedt 1937–1939G63
A. gamtoosae Giffen 1963G63
A. gigantea Grun. in A.S. 1875CFW59
|--A. g. var. giganteaG75
`--A. g. var. obscura Cleve 1895G75
A. gracilisCFW59
A. graeffii (Grun.) Cleve 1895W61
|--A. g. var. graeffiiW61
`--A. g. var. minor Perag 1908W61
A. granulata Greg. 1857CFW59
A. gregoriiG64
A. grevilliana [incl. A. complexa]G64
A. helenensis Giffen 1973G75
A. hendeyi Crosby & Ferguson Wood 1959CFW59
A. holsaticaTJ06
A. hyalina Kützing 1844CFW59
A. interlineataCFW59
A. janischi A.S. 1875 [incl. A. contracta]CFW59
A. javanica A.S. 1875W61
A. labuensis Cl. 1878CFW59
A. laevis (Gregory) Cleve 1895G75
|--A. l. var. laevisG75
`--A. l. var. laevissima (Gregory) Cleve 1895G75
A. langebaanae Giffen 1975G75
A. lineolata (Ehrenberg) Kützing 1844 [=Navicula lineolata Ehrenberg 1838]CFW59
A. litoralisG64
A. luciae Cholnoky 1960G63
A. lyrataG64
A. macilenta Greg. 1857W61
A. marina W. Sm. 1853CFW59
A. mexicana A.S. 1875CFW59
A. milesianaG64
A. minutissimaG64
A. moniliferaG64
A. montanaC-SC06
A. nanaG64
A. nobilisG64
A. oblongaG64
A. obtusa Greg. 1857W61
|--A. o. var. obtusaG75
|--A. o. var. oceanicaG75
`--A. o. var. radulaG75
A. ocellata Donk. 1861CFW59
A. (sect. Oxyamphora) ostrearia Breb. in Kützing 1849G63, CFW59 [incl. A. membranacea W. Sm. 1853CFW59, A. quadrataCFW59]
|--A. o. var. ostreariaW61
|--A. o. var. lineataG63 [=A. lineata Greg. 1857CFW59]
`--A. o. var. vitrea Cleve 1895W61
A. ovalis Kützing 1844W61
A. pellucidaG64
A. piper Cholnoky 1968G75
A. plicataG64
A. proboscidea (Greg.) Cl. 1894-1895CFW59
A. proteoides Hustedt 1955G63
A. proteus Greg. 1857CFW59
A. pulchra Grev. 1863CFW59
A. pusillaG64
A. rectangularisG64
A. rhombica Kitton in A.S. 1875CFW59
A. robusta Greg. 1857CFW59
A. salinaG64
A. sarniensisG64
A. schmidtii Grun. in A.S. 1875CFW59
A. sinuata Grev. 1869CFW59
A. spectabilis Greg. 1857 [incl. A. furcata]CFW59
A. subpunctataCFW59
A. sulcata [=A. arcus var. sulcata]G75
‘Amphiprora’ superba Grev. 1863CFW59
A. teneraG64
A. terroris Ehrenberg 1853 [incl. A. cymbifera Greg. 1857]W61
A. tesselataCFW59
A. truncataG64
A. turgida Greg. 1857W61
A. undulata Grev. 1863CFW59
A. veneta Kützing 1844SV03
A. weissflogii A.S. 1875W61
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[BM08] Bruder, K., & L. K. Medlin. 2008. Morphological and molecular investigations of naviculoid diatoms. III. Hippodonta and Navicula s. s. Diatom Research 23 (2): 331–347.
[C-SC06] Cavalier-Smith, T., & E. E.-Y. Chao. 2006. Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (kingdom Chromista). Journal of Molecular Evolution 62: 388–420.
[CFW59] Crosby, L. H., & E. J. Ferguson Wood. 1959. Studies on Australian and New Zealand diatoms. II.—Normally epontic and benthic genera. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 86 (1): 1–58, pls 1–9.
[G63] Giffen, M. H. 1963. Contributions to the diatom flora of South Africa. I. Diatoms of the estuaries of the eastern Cape Province. Hydrobiologia 21: 201–265.
[G75] Giffen, M. H. 1975. An account of the littoral diatoms from Langebaan, Saldanha Bay, Cape Province, South Africa. Botanica Marina 18: 71–95.
[G64] Gray, J. E. 1864. Handbook of British Water-weeds or Algae. R. Hardwicke: London.
[M01] Mereschkowsky, C. 1901. A list of Californian diatoms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 292–300.
[SV03] Sabbe, K., E. Verleyen, D. A. Hodgson, K. Vanhoutte & W. Vyverman. 2003. Benthic diatom flora of freshwater and saline lakes in the Larsemann Hills and Rauer Islands, East Antarctica. Antarctic Science 15 (2): 227–248.
[TJ06] Taukulis, F. E., & J. John. 2006. Diatoms as ecological indicators in lakes and streams of varying salinity from the wheatbelt region of Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 89 (1): 17–25.
[W61] Wood, E. J. F. 1961. Studies on Australian and New Zealand diatoms. IV.—Descriptions of further sedentary species. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 88 (4): 669–698.