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Belongs within: Phyllodocida.
Contains: Polynoidae.
The Aphroditiformia, scale worms, are marine worms characterised by the presence of dorsal cirri modified into elytra or scales on alternating segments. They include the Aphroditidae, sea mice, in which the dorsum of the relatively short body is also covered in iridescent chaetae. The Acoetidae possess spinning glands on the notopodia that are used to construct silk-like tubes.
<==Aphroditiformia
| i. s.: EulepethidaeRF98
| Faustoscolex gemmatusPTV14
| Histriocola delicatulaPTV14
|--Dryptoscolex matthiesaePE16
|--SthenolepisPE16
`--+--+--AcoetidaeRF98
| | |--PolyodontesHG14
| | | |--P. atromarginatus Horst 1917HG14
| | | |--P. frons Hartman 1939R68
| | | |--P. lupina (Stimpson 1856)BM88
| | | |--P. maxillosusM62
| | | |--P. oculea (Treadwell 1901) [=Panthalis oculea]H56
| | | |--P. panamensis (Chamberlin 1919) [=Panthalis panamensis; incl. Po. californicus Treadwell 1941]H56
| | | `--P. sibogae Horst 1917HG14
| | `--PanthalisR68
| | |--P. adumbrataR68
| | |--P. evanida (Treadwell 1926) [=Eupanthalis evanida]H56
| | |--P. pacifica Treadwell 1914H56
| | `--P. pustulata Treadwell 1924 [incl. Acoetes magnifica Treadwell 1929]H56
| `--AphroditidaeSS07
| |--Sthenelaites Roverto 1903H62
| | `--*S. dasiaeformis (Massalongo 1855) [=Nereites dasiaeformis]H62
| |--HermioneH04
| | |--H. hystricellaH04
| | `--H. hystrix (Savigny 1818) [incl. Melaenis tropicus Treadwell 1934]H56
| |--Protonympha Clarke 1903H62
| | |--*P. salicifolia Clarke 1903H62
| | `--P. transversa (Blake 1994) [=Foliaster transversus]CMG06
| |--Aphrodita Linnaeus 1758PE16, H62
| | |--*A. aculeata Linnaeus 1758H62
| | |--A. australis Baird 1865HG14
| | |--A. heptakera Otto 1821O21
| | |--A. hirta Otto 1821O21
| | |--A. japonicaR68
| | |--A. kulmaris Hutchings & McRae 1993HG14
| | |--A. magna Treadwell 1925H56
| | |--A. pallidaPP64
| | |--A. parvaR68
| | `--A. squamata Linnaeus 1758L58
| |--LaetmoniceH56
| | |--L. moluccana (Horst 1916)HG14
| | `--L. nitida Treadwell 1926H56
| |--Palmyra aurifera Savigny in Lamarck 1818HG14
| `--PontogeniaHG14
| |--P. areoceras (Haswell 1883)HG14
| |--P. chrysocomaPP64
| `--P. laevisetaR68
`--+--ParalepidonotusRP07
| |--P. ampulliferus (Grube 1878)RP07
| |--P. erythromaris Hanley 1991HG14
| `--P. indicus (Kinberg 1856)HG14
`--+--SigalionidaeSS07
| |--Sthenelanella uniformis Moore 1910SS07
| |--SthenelaisRP07
| | |--S. boa (Johnston 1833)RP07
| | |--S. chathamensisPG98
| | |--S. maculata Hartman 1939R68
| | `--S. neoleanirae Hartman 1939R68
| |--Thalenessites Stauffer 1933H62
| | `--*T. lobatus Stauffer 1933H62
| |--Sigalion Audouin & Milne-Edwards 1832H62
| | |--*S. mathilde Audouin & Milne-Edwards 1832H62
| | |--S. bandaensis (Mackie & Chambers 1990)RP07
| | |--S. spinosus (Hartman 1939)SS07
| | `--S. squamatumPP64
| |--PsammolyceH56
| | |--P. arenosa (delle Chiaje 1841) [=Sigalion arenosum; incl. Eupholoe nuda Treadwell 1936]H56
| | |--P. flava Kinberg 1855 [incl. Eupholoe acuminata Treadwell 1934]H56
| | `--P. myops hartmant 1939R68
| |--LeaniraH56
| | |--L. grubei (Treadwell 1901) [=Sthenelais grubei]H56
| | |--L. hystricis Ehlers 1874 [incl. Eupholoe cirrata Treadwell 1934]H56
| | |--L. tetragonaPP64
| | `--L. yhleni Malmgren 1867A71
| |--Eupholoe philippensis McIntosh 1885HG14
| |--EuthalenessaHG14
| | |--E. dendrolepisPP64
| | `--E. digitata (McIntosh 1885)HG14
| |--Stenolepis fimbriarum (Hartman 1939) [=Leanira fimbriarum]R68
| `--Thalenessa lewisii (Berkeley & Berkeley 1939) [=Sigalion lewisii; incl. Eusigalion hancocki Hartman 1939]R68
`--PolynoidaePE16
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A71] Amoureux, L. 1971. Annelides polychetes du Golfe de Tarente resultats de nouvelles croisieres de l’Albatros (1968–1969). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria” 78: 1–20.
[BM88] Bieler, R., & P. M. Mikkelsen. 1988. Anatomy and reproductive biology of two western Atlantic species of Vitrinellidae, with a case of protandrous hermaphroditism in the Rissoacea. Nautilus 102 (1): 1–29.
[CMG06] Conway Morris, S., & D. Grazhdankin. 2006. A post-script to the enigmatic Protonympha (Devonian; New York): is it an arm of the echinoderms? Palaeontology 49 (6): 1335–1338.
[H04] Haeckel, E. 1899–1904. Kunstformen der Natur. Bibliographisches Institut: Leipzig und Wien.
[H56] Hartman, O. 1956. Polychaetous annelids erected by Treadwell, 1891 to 1948, together with a brief chronology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 109 (2): 239–310.
[H62] Howell, B. F. 1962. Worms. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt W. Miscellanea: Conodonts, Conoidal Shells of Uncertain Affinities, Worms, Trace Fossils and Problematica pp. W144–W177. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.
[HG14] Hutchings, P., C. Glasby, M. Capa & A. Sampey. 2014. Kimberley marine biota. Historical data: polychaetes (Annelida). Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 84: 133–159.
[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis revised 10th ed. vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.
[M62] Monniot, F. 1962. Recherches sur les graviers a Amphioxus de la région de Banyuls-sur-Mer. Vie et Milieu 13: 231–322.
[O21] Otto, A. G. 1821. Conspectus animalium quorundam maritimorum nondum editorum pars prior quam patri dilectissimo ad cineres usque venerando Bernhardo Crristiano Otto, philosophiae et medicinae doctori, hujusque quondam in Universitate Francofurtensi professori publico ordinario, nunc professori honorario et emerito, societatis patrioticae Silesiacae et Marchicae, physiographicae Lundensis, naturae srutatorum Berolinensis et Halensis, nec non physicae Erlangensis membro etc., pro celebrando die laetissimo XI. Maji MDCCCXXI quo ante decem lustra honores doctorales acceperat. Typis Universitatis: Vratislaviae.
[PE16] Parry, L. A., G. D. Edgecombe, D. Eibye-Jacobsen & J. Vinther. 2016. The impact of fossil data on annelid phylogeny inferred from discrete morphological characters. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 283: 20161378.
[PTV14] Parry, L., A. Tanner & J. Vinther. 2014. The origin of annelids. Palaeontology 57 (6): 1091–1103.
[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d’Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.
[PG98] Probert, P. K., & S. L. Grove. 1998. Macrobenthic assemblages of the continental shelf and upper slope off the west coast of South Island, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 28: 259–280.
[R68] Reish, D. J. 1968. A biological survey of Bahia de Los Angeles, Gulf of California, Mexico. II. Benthic polychaetous annelids. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 15 (7): 67–106.
[RF98] Rouse, G. W., & K. Fauchald. 1998. Recent views on the status, delineation and classification of the Annelida. American Zoologist 38: 953–964.
[RP07] Rousset, V., F. Pleijel, G. W. Rouse, C. Erséus & M. E. Siddall. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of annelids. Cladistics 23: 41–63.
[SS07] Struck, T. H., N. Schutt, T. Kusen, E. Hickman, C. Bleidorn, D. McHugh & K. M. Halanych. 2007. Annelid phylogeny and the status of Sipuncula and Echiura. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7: 57.