Belongs within: Buteoninae.
Buteo is a cosmopolitan genus of broad-winged hawks that mostly feed on small mammals, reptiles and amphibians. Fossils have been assigned to this genus from as far back as the Oligocene though this may be based on plesiomorphic similarities only (Mayr 2009).
<==Buteo Lacépède 1799M02 [incl. Archibuteo Brehm 1831B94, Craxirex Gould 1839B94; Archibuteoninae, Craxireginae]
|--+--B. albicaudatusBKB15
| `--+--B. poecilochrousBKB15
| `--B. polyosomaBKB15
| |--B. p. polyosomaHRS06
| `--B. p. exsul (Salvin 1875)HRS06
`--+--+--B. nitidusCHP24
| `--B. plagiatusCHP24 [=B. nitidus plagiatusFS55]
`--+--B. platypterusCHP24
| |--B. p. platypterusSWK87
| `--B. p. brunnescensSWK87
`--+--+--B. lineatusCHP24
| `--B. ridgwayiBKB15
`--+--B. albonotatusCHP24
`--+--+--B. solitariusCHP24
| `--+--B. albigulaBKB15
| `--+--B. brachyurusBKB15
| `--+--B. galapagoensis (Gould 1837)BKB15, CHP24
| `--B. swainsoniBKB15
`--+--+--B. jamaicensisCHP24
| `--B. ventralisCHP24
`--+--B. archeriCHP24
`--+--+--B. lagopus (Brünnich 1764)CHP24, Sc05 [=Falco lagopusSc05, Archibuteo lagopusSc05]
| | |--B. l. lagopusSc05
| | `--‘Archibuteo’ l. sanctijohannis (Gmelin 1788) [=Falco sanctijohannis]Sc05
| `--B. regalisBKB15
`--+--+--B. auguralisCHP24
| `--+--B. augur (Rüppell 1836)CHP24, St05 (see below for synonymy)
| `--B. rufofuscusBKB15
`--+--+--B. japonicusCHP24 [=B. buteo japonicusI92]
| `--B. refectusCHP24
`--+--B. hemilasius Temm. & Schl. 1850CHP24, M01
`--+--B. rufinus (Cretzschmar 1827)BKB15, M02 (see below for synonymy)
`--+--+--B. buteo (Linnaeus 1758)BKB15, M02 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--B. b. buteoI92
| | |--B. b. insularum Floericke 1903PB26
| | |--B. b. oshiroi Kuroda 1971I92
| | `--B. b. toyoshimai Momiyama 1927I92
| `--B. trizonatusCHP24
`--B. oreophilusBKB15
Buteo incertae sedis:
B. antecursor Wetmore 1933M09
B. bannermaniAP21
B. brachypterus [incl. B. tachardus]S66
B. burmanicusAP21
B. circoides Kurochkin 1968M09
B. erythronotusF43
B. fluviaticus Miller & Sibley 1942M09
B. galinivorus [=Falco galinivorus]J23
B. grangeri Wetmore & Case 1934M09
B. leucocephalus Hodgs. 1845M01
B. leucorrhousBKB15
B. magnirostrisBKB15
|--B. m. magnirostrisE52
`--B. m. petulansE52
B. pusillus Ballmann 1969M02
B. socotraensisAP21
B. spassovi Boev in Boev & Kovaček 1998M02
Buteo augur (Rüppell 1836)CHP24, St05 [=Falco (Buteo) augurSt05, B. rufofuscus augurSt05; incl. F. (B.) hydrophilus Rüppell 1836St05]
Buteo buteo (Linnaeus 1758)BKB15, M02 [=Falco buteoM02, Circus buteoF17; incl. Buteo spiralisF17]
Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar 1827)BKB15, M02 [=Falco rufinusM02; incl. B. rufinus jansoni Mourer-Chauviré 1975M02]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[AP21] Arlott, N., & B. van Perlo. 2021. Collins Birds of the World. William Collins.
[B94] Bock, W. J. 1994. History and nomenclature of avian family-group names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 222: 1–281.
[BKB15] Burleigh, J. G., R. T. Kimball & E. L. Braun. 2015. Building the avian tree of life using a large-scale, sparse supermatrix. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 84: 53–63.
[CHP24] Catanach, T. A., M. R. Halley & S. Pirro. In press 2024. Enigmas no longer: using ultraconserved elements to place several unusual hawk taxa and address the non-monophyly of the genus Accipiter (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society.
[E52] Eisenmann, E. 1952. Annotated list of birds of Barro Colorado Island, Panama Canal Zone. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 117 (5): 1–62.
[FS55] Felten, H., & J. Steinbacher. 1955. Zur Vogelfauna von El Salvador. Senckenbergiana Biologica 36 (1–2): 9–19.
[F17] Forster, T. 1817. A synoptical catalogue of British birds; intended to identify the species mentioned by different names in several catalogues already extant. Forming a book of reference to observations on British ornithology. Nichols, Son, and Bentley: London.
[F43] Fraser, L. 1843. On the collection of birds brought to England by Mr. Bridges. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 11: 108–121.
[HRS06] Hahn, I., U. Römer & R. P. Schlatter. 2006. Population numbers and status of land birds of the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile (Aves: Falconiformes, Columbiformes, Strigiformes, Caprimulgiformes, Passeriformes). Senckenbergiana Biologica 86 (1): 109–125.
[I92] Iwahashi, J. (ed.) 1992. Reddo Deeta Animaruzu: a pictorial of Japanese fauna facing extinction. JICC: Tokyo.
[J23] James, E. 1823. Account of an Expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains, performed in the years 1819 and ’20, by order of the Hon. J. C. Calhoun, sec’y of war: under the command of Major Stephen H. Long. From the notes of Major Long, Mr. T. Say, and other gentlemen of the exploring party vol. 1. H. C. Carey & I. Lea: Philadelphia.
[M01] Madarász, J. 1901. Madarak [Vögel]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 21–39. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.
[M09] Mayr, G. 2009. Paleogene Fossil Birds. Springer.
[M02] Mlíkovský, J. 2002. Cenozoic Birds of the World. Part 1: Europe. Ninox Press: Praha.
[Sc05] Schalow, H. 1905. Die Vögel der Arktis. In: Römer, F., & F. Schaudinn (eds) Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellun der arktischen Tierformen, mit besonder Berücksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Deutschen Expedition in das Nördliche Eismeer im Jahre 1898 vol. 4 pp. 79–288. Gustav Fischer: Jena.
[S66] Schlegel, H. 1866. Communication from, on mammals and birds collected in Madagascar. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 419–426.
[SWK87] Snyder, N. F. R., J. W. Wiley & C. B. Kepler. 1987. The Parrots of Luquillo: Natural history and conservation of the Puerto Rican parrot. Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology: Los Angeles.
[St05] Steinheimer, F. D. 2005. Eduard Rüppel’s avian types at the Natural History Museum, Tring (Aves). Senckenbergiana Biologica 85 (2): 233–264.