Cinchonoideae

Belongs within: Rubiaceae.
Contains: Naucleeae.

The Cinchonoideae as recognised here is a clade primarily supported by molecular analyses. Members of the clade have imbricate aestivation, are mostly woody, and many contain complex indole alkaloids (Bremer et al. 1999).

<==Cinchonoideae [Antirrheoideae]
    |  i. s.: Hillia [Hillioideae]T00
    |           |--H. parasiticaJ87
    |           |--H. trifloraBM00
    |           |    |--H. t. var. trifloraN02
    |           |    `--H. t. var. pittieriN02
    |           `--H. valerisBM00
    |         Deppea grandifloraBM00, BJ99
    |         SteenisiaBM00
    |         Portlandia platanthaSK02
    |--CinchonaRB01
    |    |--C. calisayaMS98
    |    |--C. ocnglomerataH97
    |    |--C. ledgerianaW92
    |    |--C. pubescensRB01
    |    |--C. succirubraB96
    |    |--C. villosaH97
    |    `--C. viridifoliaH97
    `--+--+--+--NaucleeaeRB01
       |  |  `--HymenodictyoneaeRB01
       |  |       |--Paracorynanthe antakaranaRB01
       |  |       `--HymenodictyonRB01
       |  |            |--H. decaryiRB01
       |  |            |--H. flaccidumRB01
       |  |            |--H. floribundumRB01
       |  |            `--H. parvifoliumRB01
       |  `--+--Strumpfia maritimaBJ99
       |     |--Catesbaea [Catesbaeeae]B96
       |     |    |--C. ekmanianaJ87
       |     |    `--C. spinosaBJ99
       |     `--ChiococceaeB96
       |          |  i. s.: Hintonia latifloraB96
       |          |--+--Chiococca albaBJ99
       |          |  `--Erithalis fruticosaBJ99
       |          `--ExostemaRB01
       |               |--E. caribaeumBJ99
       |               |--E. lineatumRB01
       |               `--E. picardaeJ87
       `--+--RondeletieaeB96
          |    |--Rogiera suffrutescensB96, BJ99
          |    `--RondeletiaRB01
          |         |--R. amoenaSK02
          |         |--R. carneaJ87
          |         |--R. christii [incl. R. selleana]J87
          |         |--R. domatiataJ87
          |         |--R. formoniaJ87
          |         |--R. leucophyllaRB01
          |         `--R. odorataBJ99
          `--+--HamelieaeB96
             |    |--HoffmanniaB96
             |    |    |--H. ghiesbreghtiiB96
             |    |    `--H. refulgensB96
             |    `--HameliaB96
             |         |--H. cupreaBM00
             |         |--H. erectaBT87
             |         |--H. papillosaBM00
             |         |--H. patensJ87
             |         `--H. ventricosaJ87
             `--GuettardeaeB96
                  |--AntirheaB96
                  |    |--A. acutataSK02
                  |    |--A. lucidaBJ99
                  |    `--A. obtusifoliaSWK87
                  `--GuettardaB96
                       |--G. ovalifoliaJ87
                       |--G. pungensJ87
                       |--G. speciosaP88
                       |--G. torbecianaJ87
                       `--G. uruquensisBJ99

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[BT87] Baker, E. W., & D. M. Tuttle. 1987. The false spider mites of Mexico (Tenuipalpidae: Acari). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1706: 1–237.

[B96] Bremer, B. 1996. Combined and separate analyses of morphological and molecular data in the plant family Rubiaceae. Cladistics 12: 21–40.

[BJ99] Bremer, B., R. K. Jansen, B. Oxelman, M. Backlund, H. Lantz & K.-J. Kim. 1999. More characters or more taxa for a robust phylogeny—case study from the coffee family (Rubiaceae). Systematic Biology 48 (3): 413–435.

[BM00] Bremer, B., & J.-F. Manen. 2000. Phylogeny and classification of the subfamily Rubioideae (Rubiaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 225: 43–72.

[H97] Hamilton, A. G. 1897. On domatia in certain Australian and other plants. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 21 (4): 758–792, pl. 57.

[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.

[MS98] Margulis, L., & K. V. Schwartz. 1998. Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth 3^rd ed. W. H. Freeman and Company: New York.

[N02] Nilsson, S. 2002. Gentianaceae: a review of palynology. In: Struwe, L., & V. A. Albert (eds) Gentianaceae: Systematics and Natural History pp. 377–497. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.

[P88] Polunin, I. 1988. Plants and Flowers of Malaysia. Times Editions: Singapore.

[RB01] Razafimandimbison, S. G., & B. Bremer. 2001. Tribal delimitation of Naucleeae (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae): inference from molecular and morphological data. Systematics and Geography of Plants 71: 515–538.

[SWK87] Snyder, N. F. R., J. W. Wiley & C. B. Kepler. 1987. The Parrots of Luquillo: Natural history and conservation of the Puerto Rican parrot. Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology: Los Angeles.

[SK02] Struwe, L., J. W. Kadereit, J. Klackenberg, S. Nilsson, M. Thiv, K. B. von Hagen & V. A. Albert. 2002. Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of Gentianaceae, including a new tribal and subtribal classification. In: Struwe, L., & V. A. Albert (eds) Gentianaceae: Systematics and Natural History pp. 21–309. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.

[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.

[W92] Wilson, E. O. 1992. The Diversity of Life. Harvard University Press: Belknap (USA).