Belongs within: Hypocreales.
The Clavicipitaceae are a family of parasitic funci associated with grasses, insects or other fungi (Rossman et al. 1999).
Characters (Kirk et al. 2001): Stromata conspicuous, usually brightly coloured. Ascomata superficial or immersed in stroma, perithecial, fleshy. Interascal tissue of apical paraphyses. Asci cylindrical, elongate, with a prominent apical cap with a narrow pore. Ascospores filiform, multiseptate, usually fragmenting.
<==Clavicipitaceae [Flammocladiellaceae]
|--Claviceps Tul. 1853HM17, KC01 (see below for synonymy)
| |--C. africana [incl. C. africana, Sphacelia sorghi]P99
| |--C. fusiformisKC01
| |--C. giganteaKC01
| |--C. paspaliST99
| `--C. purpureaZB01
`--+--+--Flammocladiella acerisHM17
| `--Shimizuomyces Kobayasi 1981HM17, KC01
| `--S. paradoxusHM17
`--BalansiaeSF98
|--Balansia Speg. 1885 (see below for synonymy)KC01
| |--B. henningsianaLK04
| `--B. scleroticaHWB03
`--Epichloe (Fr.) Tul. & Tul. 1865HM17, KC01 [incl. Neotyphodium Glenn, Bacon & Hanlin 1996SF98, KC01, TyphodiumKC01]
|--‘Neotyphodium’ coenophialumKC01
|--‘Neotyphodium’ loliiKC01
`--E. typhinaST99
Clavicipitaceae incertae sedis:
Aciculosporium Miyake 1908 [=Mitosporium Clem. & Shear 1931; incl. Albomyces Miyake 1908]KC01
Atkinsonella Diehl 1950KC01
`--*A. hypoxylonE99
Atricordyceps Samuels 1983KC01
Cavimalum Yoshim, Doi et al. 1977KC01
Dussiella Pat. 1890 [=Echinodothis Atk. 1894]KC01
Helminthascus Tranzschel 1898KC01
Konradia Racib. 1900 [incl. Xylariopsis Tai 1934]KC01
Moelleriella Bres. 1897 [=Moelleria Bres. 1896 nec Scop. 1777 nec Jeffreys 1865 (ICZN)]KC01
Mycomalus Møller 1901KC01
Myriogenospora Atk. 1894 [=Myriogenis Clem. & Shear 1931]KC01
Neocordyceps Kobayasi 1984KC01
Parepichloe White & Reddy 1998KC01
Romanoa Thirum. 1954KC01
Sphaerocordyceps Kobayasi 1981KC01
Berkelella (Saccardo) Saccardo 1891EB03, RS99 (see below for synonymy)
`--*B. stilbigera (Berkeley & Broome) Saccardo 1891 (see below for synonymy)RS99
Cordycepioideus Stifler 1941RS99
`--*C. bisporus Stifler 1941RS99
Epicrea Petrak 1950RS99
`--*E. insignis Petrak 1950RS99
Loculistroma Patterson & Charles 1910RS99
`--*L. bambusae Patterson & Charles 1910RS99
Neobarya Lowen 1986RS99 [=Barya Fuckel 1864 non Klotzsch 1854RS99, Baryella Rauschert 1988KC01]
`--*N. parasitica (Fuckel) Lowen 1986 [=*Barya parasitica Fuckel 1864]RS99
Podocrella Seaver 1928RS99
`--*P. poronioides Seaver 1928 [=P. poronoides (l. c.)]RS99
Wakefieldiomyces Kobayasi 1981RS99
`--*W. peltatus (Wakefield) Kobayasi 1981 [=Cordyceps peltata, Ophiocordyceps peltata]RS99
Stereocrea Sydow & Sydow 1917RS99
`--*S. schizostachydi Sydow & Sydow 1917RS99
Peloronectria Möller 1901 (n. d.)RS99
`--*P. vinosa Möller 1901 (n. d.)RS99
Aschersonia Mont. 1848 (nom. cons.)KC01 (see below for synonymy)
|--A. aleyrodisKC01
|--‘Stereocrea’ aurantiaca Petch 1939 [=Hypocrella aurantiaca (Petch) Mains 1959]RS99
|--‘Hypocrella’ aurea Sydow & Sydow 1916SS16
|--A. caespiticia Sydow & Sydow 1916SS16
|--‘Hypocrella’ chusqueae Petrak 1948RS99
|--‘Hypocrella’ cretaceaSS16
|--‘Hypocrea’ discoidea [=*Hypocrella discoidea (Berkeley & Broome) Saccardo 1878]RS99
|--‘Hypocrella’ insignis Sydow & Sydow 1916SS16
|--‘Hypocrella’ plana Sydow & Sydow 1916SS16
|--‘Hypocrella’ sphaeroidea Sydow & Sydow 1916SS16
|--A. tahitensisM97
`--A. viridans [incl. Hypocrea viridans, Clintoniella viridans, Hypocrella viridans]RS99
Engyodontium de Hoog 1978SLA11, KC01
|--E. album [=Tritirachium album]SLA11
`--E. aranearumCM07
Balansiopsis Höhn. 1910KC01
Beauveria Vuill. 1912KC01
|--B. bassianaJC03
`--B. brongniartiiSWW95
Polynema Lév. 1846 non Haliday 1833 (ICZN) [incl. Belaina Bat. & Peres 1961]KC01
Drechmeria Gams & Jansson 1985KC01
`--D. coniosporaKH02
Linearistroma Höhn. 1910KC01
Neoclaviceps White, Bills et al. 2001KC01
Aschersonia Mont. 1848 (nom. cons.)KC01 [incl. Fleischeria Penz. & Sacc. 1901KC01, Hypocrella Saccardo 1878RS99, Hypocreophis Speg. 1919KC01, Perisporiella Henn. 1902KC01, Underwoodina Kuntze 1891KC01]
Balansia Speg. 1885 [incl. Dothichloe Atk. 1894, Ephelis Fr. 1849, Ophiodothis Sacc. 1883, Sphaceliopsis Speg. 1910]KC01
Berkelella (Saccardo) Saccardo 1891EB03, RS99 [=Hypomyces subg. Berkelella Saccardo 1883RS99, Blistum Sutton 1973KC01, Byssostilbe Petch 1912RS99, Polycephalomyces Kobayasi 1941KC01]
*Berkelella stilbigera (Berkeley & Broome) Saccardo 1891 [=Hypomyces stilbiger Berkeley & Broome 1875, *Byssostilbe stilbigera (Berkeley & Broome) Petch 1912; incl. Polycephalomyces tomentosus]RS99
Claviceps Tul. 1853HM17, KC01 [=Kentrosporium Wallr. 1844KC01; incl. Balansiella Henn. 1904KC01, Ergotaetia Quekett 1841KC01, Mothesia Oddo & Tonolo 1967KC01, Spermoedia Fr. 1822KC01, Sphacelia Lév. 1827KC01, Ustilaginula Clem. 1909KC01, Ustilagopsis Speg. 1880KC01]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
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[ST99] Saenz, G. S., & J. W. Taylor. 1999. Phylogenetic relationships of Meliola and Meliolina inferred from nuclear small subunit rRNA sequences. Mycological Research 103 (8): 1049–1056.
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