Colaptes

Belongs within: Picini.

Colaptes, flickers, is a New World genus of woodpeckers with large feet, well-developed claws, and a more or less curved bill (Winkler & Christie 2002).

Colaptes Vigors 1826 [incl. Chrysoptilus Swainson 1832; Chrysoptilini]B94
    |  i. s.: C. aeruginosusAP21
    |         C. chilensisB41
    |         C. pitiguusF43
    |         ‘Chrysoptilus’ squamatusV41
    |--C. fernandinae Vigors 1827BKB15, WC02 [=Nesoceleus fernandinaeWC02]
    `--+--+--C. auratus (Linnaeus 1758)BKB15, WC02 (see below for synonymy)
       |  |    |--C. a. auratusWC02
       |  |    |--C. a. cafer (Gmelin 1788)WC02
       |  |    |--C. a. chrysocaulosus Gundlach 1858WC02
       |  |    |--C. a. collaris Vigors 1829WC02
       |  |    |--C. a. gundlachi Cory 1886WC02
       |  |    |--C. a. luteus Bangs 1898WC02
       |  |    |--C. a. mexicanoides Lafresnaye 1844WC02
       |  |    |--C. a. mexicanus Swainson 1827WC02
       |  |    |--C. a. nanus Griscom 1934WC02
       |  |    `--C. a. rufipileusWC02 [=C. cafer rufipileusMS55]
       |  `--C. chrysoides (Malherbe 1852)SF17, WC02 [=Geopicus (Colaptes) chrysoidesWC02]
       |       |--C. c. chrysoidesWC02
       |       |--C. c. brunnescens Anthony 1895WC02
       |       |--C. c. mearnsi Ridgway 1911WC02
       |       `--C. c. tenebrosus van Rossem 1930WC02
       `--+--+--C. auricularisSF17
          |  `--+--C. atricollis (Malherbe 1850)BKB15, WC02 [=Chrysopicos atricollisWC02, Chrysoptilus atricollisWC02]
          |     |    |--C. a. atricollisWC02
          |     |    `--C. a. peruvianus (Reichenbach 1854)WC02
          |     `--C. rubiginosusBKB15
          `--+--+--C. campestris (Vieillot 1818)SF17, WC02 [=Picus campestrisWC02]
             |  |    |--C. c. campestris [incl. C. chrysosternus]WC02
             |  |    `--C. c. campestroides (Malherbe 1849)WC02
             |  `--C. punctigula (Boddaert 1783)BKB15, WC02 [=Picus punctigulaWC02, Chrysoptilus punctigularisSS66]
             |       |--C. p. punctigulaWC02
             |       |--C. p. guttatus (Spix 1824)WC02 [incl. Co. rubidipectusWC02, Chrysoptilus speciosusSS66, WC02]
             |       |--C. p. punctipectus (Cabanis & Heine 1863) [incl. C. notatus]WC02
             |       |--C. p. striatigularis (Chapman 1914)WC02
             |       |--C. p. ujhelyii (Madarász 1912) [incl. C. lutescens]WC02
             |       `--C. p. zuliae (Cory 1915)WC02
             `--+--C. melanochloros (Gmelin 1788)SF17, WC02 (see below for synonymy)
                |    |--C. m. melanochlorosWC02
                |    |--C. m. leucofrenatus Leybold 1873WC02
                |    |--C. m. melanolaimus (Malherbe 1857)WC02
                |    |--C. m. nattereri (Malherbe 1845)WC02 [=Chrysoptilus melanochloros nattereriS55]
                |    `--C. m. nigroviridis (Grant 1911)WC02
                `--+--C. rivoliiSF17
                   `--+--C. pitius (Molina 1782)SF17, WC02 [=Picus pitiusWC02; incl. C. cachinnansWC02]
                      `--C. rupicola d’Orbigny 1840BKB15, WC02
                           |--C. r. rupicolaWC02
                           |--C. r. cinereicapillus Reichenbach 1854WC02
                           `--C. r. puna Cabanis 1883WC02

Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus 1758)^{BKB15, WC02} [=Cuculus auratus^WC02; incl. Co. borealis^WC02, Co. martirensis^WC02, Co. pinicolus^WC02, Co. sedentarius^WC02]

Colaptes melanochloros (Gmelin 1788)^{SF17, WC02} [=Picus melanochloros^WC02, Chrysoptilus melanochloros^S55; incl. Colaptes fluvilumbis^WC02, Co. mariae^WC02, Co. patagonicus^WC02, Co. perplexus^WC02]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[AP21] Arlott, N., & B. van Perlo. 2021. Collins Birds of the World. William Collins.

[B94] Bock, W. J. 1994. History and nomenclature of avian family-group names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 222: 1–281.

[B41] Bridges, T. 1841. Notes on various birds and mammals from Chile. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 9: 93–95.

[BKB15] Burleigh, J. G., R. T. Kimball & E. L. Braun. 2015. Building the avian tree of life using a large-scale, sparse supermatrix. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 84: 53–63.

[F43] Fraser, L. 1843. On the collection of birds brought to England by Mr. Bridges. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 11: 108–121.

[MS55] Mertens, R., & J. Steinbacher. 1955. Die im Senckenberg-Museum vorhandenen Arten ausgestorbener, aussterbender oder seltener Vögel. Senckenbergiana Biologica 36 (3–4): 241–265.

[SS66] Sclater, P. L., & O. Salvin. 1866. Catalogue of birds collected by Mr. E. Bartlett on the River Uyacali, Eastern Peru, with notes and descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 175–201.

[SF17] Shakya, S. B., J. Fuchs, J.-M. Pons & F. H. Sheldon. 2017. Tapping the woodpecker tree for evolutionary insight. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 116: 182–191.

[S55] Steinbacher, J. 1955. Zur Morphologie und Anatomie des Zungenapparates brasilianischer Spechte. Senckenbergiana Biologica 36: 1–8.

[V41] Vigne, G. T. 1841. Relating to a collection of birds formed in Thibet and Cashmere. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 9: 6–7.

[WC02] Winkler, H., & D. A. Christie. 2002. Family Picidae (woodpeckers). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & J. Sargatal (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 7. Jacamars to Woodpeckers pp. 296–555. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.