Belongs within: Eumalacostraca.
Contains: Caridea, Reptantia, Sergestoidea, Solenoceridae, Penaeidae, Sicyonia.
The Decapoda are one of the most familiar groups of crustaceans, containing such animals as shrimps, crabs and crayfish. Decapods have been divided in the past between prawns and shrimps (Natantia, ‘swimmers’) and crabs, lobsters and crayfish (Reptantia, ‘walkers’). However, the ‘Natantia’ appear to be paraphyletic with regard to the Reptantia. Instead, the basal division within the Decapoda is between the Dendrobrachiata, prawns with tree-like gills, and Pleocyemata, in which the eggs are brooded by the females attached to their pleopods rather than being cast free as in other crustaceans (Dixon et al. 2003). The sister group of the Reptantia is the Stenopodidea, a small group of prawns which differ from other decapods in having the third pereiopods enlarged rather than the first or second. Stenopodidea and Reptantia share a mandible with a curved palp and strong molar process, and have similar zoeal morphology (Dixon et al. 2003).
Within the Dendrobrachiata, members of the Penaeoidea have fourth and fifth pereiopods well developed (Huff & Cobb 1979).
Synapomorphies (Ax 2000): Body divided into cephalothorax and pleon: carapace covering and fused dorsally with first eight thoracomeres, reaching laterally down to leg bases and enclosing gill cavity; thoracopods with four gills and extra epipodite for gill cleaning; thoracopods 1 and 2 transformed into maxillipeds; scaphognathite (large lobe-shaped exopodite of second maxilla) present, used for pumping water through gill cavity.
<==Decapoda [Astacini, Macrouri, Natantia]
|--PleocyemataDAS03
| |--CarideaDAS03
| `--+--ReptantiaDAS03
| `--StenopodideaDAS03
| |--MicroprosthemaHS15 [SpongicolidaeMD01]
| | `--M. validum Stimpson 1860HS15
| `--StenopodidaeMG-H11
| |--Engystenopus palmipes Alcock & Anderson 1894MG-H11
| |--Odontozona sculpticaudata Holthuis 1946MG-H11
| `--Stenopus Latreille 1819BR05
| |--S. hispidus (Olivier 1811)DAS03
| |--S. scaberPP64
| `--S. spinosus Risso 1827KK03
`--Dendrobrachiata [Penaeidea]DAS03
| i. s.: ParapenaeopsisKW70
| |--P. cornutaKW70
| `--P. sculptilisG75
|--SergestoideaHC79
`--PenaeoideaHC79
|--SolenoceridaeHC79
|--PenaeidaeDAS03
|--SicyoniaHC79
|--BenthesicymusMG-H11 [BenthesicymidaeMD01]
| |--B. investigatoris Alcock & Anderson 1899MG-H11
| `--B. libanensis (Brocchi 1875)BWW93
|--Aeger [Aegeridae]BWW93
| |--A. lehmanniBWW93
| |--A. straeleni Glaessner 1929BWW93
| `--A. tipularius (Schlotheim 1832)BWW93
`--AristeidaeHC79
|--Pseudaristeus sibogae (de Man 1911)MG-H11
`--AristeusKK03
|--A. antennatus (Risso 1816)KK03
|--A. pallicauda Komai 1993MG-H11
|--A. semidentatus Bate 1881MG-H11
`--A. virilis (Bate 1881)MG-H11
Decapoda incertae sedis:
Cricoidoselosus aethusZBH03
Naushonia crangonoides Kingsley 1897ML01
Pisoides bidentataGAS03
Catapaguroides timidusM62
Lambrus tumefactaM62
Loxorhynchus grandisGLT03
Rithropanopeus harrisiiGLT03
Anomalothir furcillatusGLT03
Scleroplax granulataCH97
Necora puber (Linnaeus 1767)PH03
Aristaeomorpha foliacea (Risso 1827)KK03
Gaetice depressusMG06
Metopaulias depressusOMM08
Homalopsis etheridgei [=Prosopon etheridgei]F71
Paracyclois grandispinis Etheridge 1916F71
Thennus orientalisP71
Cambrarellus shufeldtiKP05
StereomastisMG-H11
|--S. auriculatusMG-H11
`--S. suhmiMG-H11
Peltarium spinulosumWP99
Brachycarpus biunguiculatus (Lucas 1846)KK03
Gennadas elegans (Smith 1882)KK03
Marsupenaeus japonicus (Bate 1888)KK03
Richardina fredericii Lo Bianco 1903KK03
ThoralusKK03
|--T. cranchii (Leach 1817)KK03
`--T. sollaudiPP64
Typton spongicola Costa 1844KK03
Bithynis ensiculusF15
Uncina [Euzygida, Uncinidae, Uncinidea]BWW93
`--U. posidoniaeBWW93
Neopisosoma angustifrons (Benedict 1901) [=Pisosoma angustifrons]M88
IridopagurusM88
|--I. caribbensis (Milne Edwards & Bonnier 1893)M88
`--I. margaritensis García-Gómez 1983M88
Phyllosoma communisG20
CardinaB50
|--C. lanceolataB50
|--C. lingkonaeB50
|--C. lothaeB50
|--C. masapiB50
|--C. opaensisB50
|--C. spinataB50
|--C. tenuirostrisB50
`--C. towutensisB50
Erymastacus hoerstgenensisSM84
Opisthomus transversusBRW98
GebiosR26
|--G. davyanus Risso 1826R26
`--G. littoralisR26
‘Egeon’ Risso 1826 non Montfort 1808R26
`--*E. loricatusR26
Drimo Risso 1826R26
`--*D. elegans Risso 1826R26
Nika Risso 1813R26
|--N. edulisR26
`--N. sinuolataR26
Autonomea Risso 1826R26
`--*A. oliviiR26
Christmaplax [Christmaplacidae]JG19
`--C. mirabilis Naruse & Ng 2014JG19
Hexapus sexpesB59
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
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