Glomeromycota – Variety of Life

Belongs within: Opisthokonta.

The Glomeromycota are a clade of filamentous, mostly endomycorrhizal fungi.

Characters (Adl et al. 2012): Filamentous; primarily endomycorrhizal, forming arbuscules in roots, sometimes with vesicles; without cilium; presumed asexual spores outside or within roots of host; some complex spores with multiple wall groupings, others simple (blastic chlamydospores); without centrioles, conidia, and airborne spores.

<==Glomeromycota [Glomales, Glomeromycotina, Glomineae]
    |--Paraglomus Morton & Redecker 2001^{SWS01, MR01} [Paraglomaceae, Paraglomeraceae, Paraglomerales, Paraglomeromycetes]
    |    |--*P. occultum (Walker) Morton & Redecker 2001 [=Glomus occultum Walker 1982]^MR01    |    `--P. brasilianum (Spain & Miranda) Morton & Redecker 2001 [=Glomus brasilianum Spain & Miranda 1996]^MR01    `--+--Archaeosporales [Archaeosporomycetes]^AS12
       |    |--Ambispora^AS12
       |    `--Archaeospora Morton & Redecker 2001^{SWS01, MR01} [Archaeosporaceae]
       |         |--*A. trappei (Ames & Linderman) Morton & Redecker 2001^{SWS01, MR01} [=Acaulospora trappei Ames & Linderman 1976^MR01]
       |         `--+--Geosiphon Wettst. 1915^{SWS01, KC01} (see below for synonymy)
       |            |    `--G. pyriformis^SWS01       |            `--+--A. gerdemannii (Rose, Daniels & Trappe) Morton & Redecker 2001 (see below for synonymy)^MR01       |               `--A. leptoticha (Schenck & Smith) Morton & Redecker 2001^{SWS01, MR01} (see below for synonymy)
       `--Glomeromycetes^AS12
            |--Glomerales [Glomaceae]^AS12
            |    |--Claroideoglomus^AS12
            |    |--Funneliformis^AS12
            |    |--Sclerocystis Berk. & Broome 1873 [incl. Ackermannia Pat. 1902, Xenomyces Ces. 1879]^KC01
            |    |--Septoglomus^AS12
            |    |--Palaeomyces Renault 1896^{T93, KC01} [=Palaeomycites Mesch. 1902^KC01]
            |    |--Paleobasidiospora Locq. 1983^{T93, KC01}
            |    |    `--P. taugourdeauii Locquin 1983^T93
            |    |--Rhizophagus Dang. 1896^KC01
            |    |    |--R. intraradices (Schenck & Sm.) Walker & Schüßler 2010^AB19
            |    |    `--R. irregularis^C-S18
            |    `--Glomus Tulasne & Tulasne 1844^SSW01 [incl. Stigeosporium West 1916^KC01; Glomeraceae]
            |         |  i. s.: *G. microcarpum^SWS01            |         |--+--G. viscosum^SWS01            |         |  `--+--G. microaggregatum^SWS01            |         |     `--+--G. claroideum^SWS01            |         |        |--G. etunicatum^SWS01            |         |        |--G. lamellosum^SWS01            |         |        `--G. luteum^SWS01            |         `--+--+--G. coronatum^SWS01            |            |  |--G. mosseae^SWS01            |            |  `--+--G. caledonicum^SWS01            |            |     |--G. fragilistratum^SWS01            |            |     |--G. geosporum^SWS01            |            |     `--G. verruculosum^SWS01            |            `--+--+--G. coremioides^SWS01            |               |  `--G. sinuosum^SWS01            |               `--+--G. manihotis [incl. G. clarum]^SWS01            |                  |--G. proliferum^SWS01            |                  `--+--G. vesiculiferum^SWS01            |                     `--+--G. fasciculatum^SWS01            |                        `--G. intraradices^SWS01            `--Diversisporales^SSW01                 |  i. s.: Diversispora^AS12
                 |         Pacispora^AS12
                 |         Racocetra^AS12
                 |--+--+--‘Glomus’ spurcum^SWS01                 |  |  `--‘Glomus’ versiforme^SWS01                 |  `--Acaulosporaceae^SB93
                 |       |--Entrophospora Ames & Schneid. 1979^KC01
                 |       |    `--A. columbiana^SB93
                 |       `--Acaulospora Gerd. & Grappe 1974^{SWS01, KC01}
                 |            |--A. foveata^SSW01                 |            |--A. laevis^SSW01                 |            |--A. longula^SSW01                 |            |--A. rugosa^SWS01                 |            |--A. spinosa^SWS01                 |            `--A. undulata^SSW01                 `--Gigasporaceae [Gigasporineae]^SWS01                      |--Gigaspora Gerd. & Trappe 1974^KC01
                      |    |  i. s.: G. candida^SSW01                      |    |         G. rosea^BL03                      |    |--G. decipiens^SWS01                      |    `--+--G. gigantea^SWS01                      |       `--+--G. albida^SWS01                      |          `--G. margarita^SWS01                      `--Scutellospora Walker & Sanders 1986^KC01
                           |  i. s.: S. aurigloba^SSW01                           |         S. dipapillosa^SB93
                           |         S. calospora^SSW01                           |         S. fulgida^SSW01                           |         S. gilmorei^SSW01                           |         S. nodosa^SSW01                           |         S. persica^BL03                           |         S. spinosissima^SSW01                           |         S. weresubiae^SSW01                           |--S. castanea^SWS01                           |--S. pellucida^SWS01                           |--S. projecturata^SWS01                           `--+--S. cerradensis^SWS01                              `--S. heterogama^SWS01

Archaeospora gerdemannii (Rose, Daniels & Trappe) Morton & Redecker 2001 [=Glomus gerdemannii Rose, Daniels & Trappe 1979]^MR01

Archaeospora leptoticha (Schenck & Smith) Morton & Redecker 2001^{SWS01, MR01} [=Glomus leptotichum Schenck & Smith 1982^MR01, Acaulospora appendicula Spain, Sieverding & Schenck 1984^MR01; incl. A. gerdemannii Schenck & Nicholson 1979 non Glomus gerdemannii Rose, Daniels & Trappe 1979^MR01, Glomus fecundisporum Schenck & Smith 1982^MR01]

Geosiphon Wettst. 1915^{SWS01, KC01} [=Geosiphonomyces Cif. & Tomas. 1957^KC01; Geomycetes, Geosiphonaceae, Geosiphonales]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[AB19] Adl, S. M., D. Bass, C. E. Lane, J. Lukeš, C. L. Schoch, A. Smirnov, S. Agatha, C. Berney, M. W. Brown, F. Burki, P. Cárdenas, I. Čepička, L. Chistyakova, J. del Campo, M. Dunthorn, B. Edvardsen, Y. Eglit, L. Guillou, V. Hampl, A. A. Heiss, M. Hoppenrath, T. Y. James, A. Karnkowska, S. Karpov, E. Kim, M. Kolisko, A. Kudryavtsev, D. J. G. Lahr, E. Lara, L. Le Gall, D. H. Lynn, D. G. Mann, R. Massana, E. A. D. Mitchell, C. Morrow, J. S. Park, J. W. Pawlowski, M. J. Powell, D. J. Richter, S. Rueckert, L. Shadwick, S. Shimano, F. W. Spiegel, G. Torruella, N. Youssef, V. Zlatogursky & Q. Zhang. 2019. Revisions to the classification, nomenclature, and diversity of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 66: 4–119.

[AS12] Adl, S. M., A. G. B. Simpson, C. E. Lane, J. Lukeš, D. Bass, S. S. Bowser, M. W. Brown, F. Burki, M. Dunthorn, V. Hampl, A. Heiss, M. Hoppenrath, E. Lara, E. Le Gall, D. H. Lynn, H. McManus, E. A. D. Mitchell, S. E. Mozley-Stanridge, L. W. Parfrey, J. Pawlowski, S. Rueckert, L. Shadwick, C. L. Schoch, A. Smirnov & F. W. Spiegel. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 59 (5): 429–493.

[BL03] Bianciotto, V., E. Lumini, P. Bonfante & P. Vandamme. 2003. ‘Candidatus Glomeribacter gigasporarum’ gen. nov., sp. nov., an endosymbiont of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 121–124.

[C-S18] Cavalier-Smith, T. 2018. Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences. Protoplasma 255: 297–357.

[KC01] Kirk, P. M., P. F. Cannon, J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi 9^th ed. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[MR01] Morton, J. B., & D. Redecker. 2001. Two new families of Glomales, Archaeosporaceae and Paraglomaceae, with two new genera Archaeospora and Paraglomus, based on concordant molecular and morphological characters. Mycologia 93 (1): 181–195.

[SSW01] Schüßler, A., D. Schwarzott & C. Walker. 2001. A new fungal phylum, the Glomeromycota: Phylogeny and evolution. Mycological Research 105 (12): 1413–1421.

[SWS01] Schwarzott, D., C. Walker & A. Schuessler. 2001. Glomus, the largest genus of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomales) is nonmonophyletic. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 21 (2): 190–197.

[SB93] Simon, L., J. Bousquet, R. C. Lévesque & M. Lalonde. 1993. Origin and diversification of endomycorrhizal fungi and coincidence with vascular land plants. Nature 363: 67–69.

[T93] Taylor, T. N. 1993. Fungi. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 9–13. Chapman & Hall: London.

References

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