Belongs within: Empidoidea.
Contains: Drapetini, Tachydromiini, Hybotinae.
The Hybotidae are a group of long-legged flies previously classified in the Empididae, albeit as a distinct group ‘Ocydromiinea’. Males of this family have the terminalia rotated 90° to the right. Within the family, the Tachydromiinae are characterised by wings that lack both cell dm and obvious forks in veins R4+5 and M1+2 (Steyskal & Knutson 1981).
Characters (from Steyskal & Knutson 1981, as Ocydromiinea): R5 not separated from R4; Sc ending free in membrane or running indistinctly alongside apical part of R1, not attaining C; C ending at end of M, or R5; precoxal bridge reduced; lacinia of maxilla lacking or reduced; palpus removed from stipes and joined to a special sclerite (palpifer); mouthparts movable into anteriorly directed position; fore tibia with gland near base opening posteroventrally; abdominal spiracles with tubiform opening, without microtrichia; terminalia of male twisted to right; female without sclerotised spermathecae.
<==Hybotidae [Ocydromiinea, Ocydromioinea]WT11 |--Trichinites Hennig 1970GC99 | `--*T. cretaceus Hennig 1970GC99 `--+--Bicellariinae [Bicellariini]WJ18 | |--HoplocyrtomaWJ18 | |--LeptocyrtomaWJ18 | `--Bicellaria Macquart 1819–1822B89 | |--B. nigraWJ18 | |--B. sulcataWJ18 | `--B. uvensSK81 `--+--Tachydromiinae [Corynetinae, Tachydromidae]WJ18 | | i. s.: Archiplatypalpus Kovalev 1974GC99 | | `--*A. cretaceus Kovalev 1974GC99 | | Eocorynetites Hong 2002H02 | | `--*E. guchengziensis Hong 2002H02 | | Lochmocola Hong 1981H02 | | `--*L. osterosa Hong 1981H02 | | CorynetaH02 | | Cretoplatypalpus Kovalev 1978GC99 | | |--*C. archaeus Kovalev 1978GC99 | | `--C. americanus Grimaldi & Cumming 1999GC99 | | Electrocyrtoma Cockerell 1917GC99 | | `--*E. burmanica Cockerell 1917GC99 | | Mesoplatypalpus Grimaldi & Cumming 1999GC99 | | `--*M. carpenteri Grimaldi & Cumming 1999GC99 | | Phoneutisca Loew 1863 [incl. Macroptera Beker 1889]B89 | | Tachista Loew 1863B89 | |--DrapetiniWJ18 | `--+--TachydromiiniWJ18 | `--Symballophthalmus Becker 1889H02 [SymballophthalminiWJ18] | |--S. clavilabrosus Hong 1981H02 | |--S. dissimilisWJ18 | |--S. fuscitarsisWJ18 | `--S. masoniSK81 `--+--Trichininae [Trichinini]WJ18 | |--Trichina bilobataWJ18 | `--Trichinomyia flavipesWJ18 `--+--+--HybotinaeWJ18 | `--Oedaleinae [Oedaleini]WJ18 | |--Euthyneura Macquart 1836WJ18, B89 | | |--E. albipennisWJ18 | | |--E. bucinatorSK81 | | `--E. gyllenhaliWJ18 | `--+--+--Allanthalia pallidaWJ18 | | `--Anthalia Zetterstedt 1840WJ18, B89 | | |--A. lacteipennisSK81 | | `--A. schoenherriWJ18 | `--Oedalea Meigen 1820WJ18, B89 [incl. Xyphidicera Macquart 1838B89] | | i. s.: O. ohioensisSK81 | |--O. zetterstedtiWJ18 | `--+--O. hybotinaWJ18 | `--O. stigmatellaWJ18 `--OcydromiinaeWJ18 |--Ocydromia Meigen 1820WT11, B89 | |--O. glabriculaWT11 | `--O. philippii Bigot 1889B89 |--ChvalaeaCS09 |--OropezellaCS09 |--AbocciputaWJ18 |--ApterodromiaWJ18 |--AustropezaWJ18 |--HoplopezaWJ18 |--LeptodromiaWJ18 |--LeptodromiellaWJ18 |--LeptopezellaWJ18 |--NeotrichinaWJ18 |--PseudoscelolabesWJ18 |--Scelolabes Philippi 1865WJ18, B89 |--StylocydromiaWJ18 `--Leptopeza Macq. 1827O98, B89 [=LemptopezaB89; incl. Melius Macq. 1827B89] |--L. borealisWJ18 |--L. disparilisSK81 |--L. flavipesWJ18 `--L. javanaO98 Hybotidae incertae sedis: ParahybosO98 Syndias Loew 1858B89 Pterospylus Rondani 1856 [incl. Epiceia Walker 1860, Harpamerus Bigot 1859]B89 |--P. bicolor Bigot 1889B89 |--P. eustylatus Bigot 1889B89 `--P. natalensis Bigot 1889B89 Spicosa Philippi 1865B89 Megacittarus Bigot 1880B89 Megyperus Loew 1850B89 Microphorus Macquart 1827B89 |--M. scapuliferus Bigot 1889B89 `--M. semifulvus Bigot 1889B89
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B89] Bigot, J.-M.-F. 1889. Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 34e partie. XLII. Empidi. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6e série 9: 111–134.
[CS09] Cumming, J. M., & B. J. Sinclair. 2009. Empididae (dance flies, balloon flies, predaceous flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 653–670. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.
[GC99] Grimaldi, D., & J. Cumming. 1999. Brachyceran Diptera in Cretaceous ambers and Mesozoic diversification of the Eremoneura. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 239: 1–124.
[O98] Oosterbroek, P. 1998. The Families of Diptera of the Malay Archipelago. Brill: Leiden.
[SK81] Steyskal, G. C., & L. V. Knutson. 1981. Empididae. In: McAlpine, J. F., B. V. Peterson, G. E. Shewell, H. J. Teskey, J. R. Vockeroth & D. S. Wood (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 1 pp. 607–624. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.
[WJ18] Wahlberg, E., & K. A. Johanson. 2018. Molecular phylogenetics reveals novel relationships within Empidoidea (Diptera). Systematic Entomology 43: 619–636.
[WT11] Wiegmann, B. M., M. D. Trautwein, I. S. Winkler, N. B. Barr, J.-W. Kim, C. Lambkin, M. A. Bertone, B. K. Cassel, K. M. Bayless, A. M. Heimberg, B. M. Wheeler, K. J. Peterson, T. Pape, B. J. Sinclair, J. H. Skevington, V. Blagoderov, J. Caravas, S. N. Kutty, U. Schmidt-Ott, G. E. Kampmeier, F. C. Thompson, D. A. Grimaldi, A. T. Beckenbach, G. W. Courtney, M. Friedrich, R. Meier & D. K. Yeates. 2011. Episodic radiations in the fly tree of life. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 108 (14): 5690–5695.