
Belongs within: Faganae.
Contains: Juglandoideae, Nothofagus subgenus Brassospora.
The Juglandanae were listed by Doweld (2001) as a taxon uniting the wind-pollinated families Myricaceae, Juglandaceae and Nothofagus; the molecular analysis of Rosidae by Wang et al. (2009) supports a clade of Myrica and Juglans within the Fagales. Cretaceous flower fossils of the form genera Manningia and Caryanthus may be basal members of this clade (Collinson et al. 1993).
The Juglandaceae are a group of trees (rarely shrubs) found in Eurasia and the Americas, characterised by production of fruit as nuts surrounded by a thick husk formed from the involucre. Members of the Juglandaceae are grown for their edible nuts, particularly species of Juglans (walnuts) and Carya (hickory nuts). The Myricaceae are a family of small trees and shrubs, most of which are aromatic and resinous. Nothofagus, the southern beeches, is a genus of trees found in South America and Australasia, primarily in cooler habitats.
Juglandanae
| i. s.: NormapollesCBH93
| Manningia [incl. Trudopollis]CBH93
| CaryanthusCBH93
| Plicapollis usitatus Tschudy 1975CBH93, CP02
|--Myricaceae [Myricales, Myricineae]D01
| |--CanacomyricaT00
| |--Comptonia peregrinaH93, C38
| |--‘Myricophyllum’ longepetiolatum von Ettingshausen 1893CBH93
| |--TriatriopollenitesCBH93
| |--MyriciphyllumP92
| `--MyricaWM09
| |--M. californicaHL08
| |--M. ceriferaWM09
| |--M. esculentaP88
| |--M. fayaZ02
| |--M. galeRJ11
| |--M. hartwegiiH93
| |--M. holtzii Engler & v. Brehmer 1917EB17
| |--M. longifolia Unger 1850 [incl. M. ophir Unger 1850]HL08
| |--M. matheroniana [=Comptonia matheroniana]S89
| |--M. mexicanaBT87
| |--M. nagiSS72
| |--M. picardaeJ87
| |--M. rubraMH98
| |--M. salicifoliaPB27
| `--M. vernassiensisGT02
|--Juglandaceae [Juglandales]WM09
| | i. s.: Juglandiphyllum integrifoliumCBH93
| | Momipites Wodehouse 1933CBH93, CP02
| | |--M. actinus Nichols & Orr 1978CP02
| | |--M. fragilisCBH93
| | |--M. leffingwellii Nichols 1973CP02
| | |--M. rotundus (Leffingwell 1971) Nichols 1973CP02
| | |--M. tenuipolus Anderson 1960CP02
| | |--M. triorbicularis (Leffingwell 1971) Nichols 1973CP02
| | `--M. ventoifluminis Nichols 1973CP02
| | CrucipteraCD02
| |--Platycarya [Platycaryoideae]T00
| |--JuglandoideaeT00
| `--EngelhardioideaeT00
| |--AlfaroaT00
| |--OreomunneaT00
| `--EngelhardiaD07
| |--E. orsbergensisHL08
| |--E. rigida Bl. 1825 [incl. E. lepidota Schltr 1913]B81
| | |--E. r. var. rigidaB81
| | `--E. r. var. subsimplicifoliaB81
| |--E. serrata Bl. 1829B81
| `--E. spicataD07
`--Nothofagus Blume 1850A61 [Nothofagaceae, NothofagalesD01]
|--N. subg. LophozoniaLC95
| |--+--N. cunninghamiiLC95
| | `--+--N. menziesii (Hooker) Oerst. 1873LC95, A61 [=Fagus menziesii Hooker 1844A61]
| | `--N. mooreiLC95
| `--+--N. glaucaLC95
| `--+--N. alpinaLC95
| `--N. obliquaLC95
`--+--+--N. subg. BrassosporaLC95
| `--N. subg. NothofagusLC95
| |--+--N. antarcticaLC95
| | `--N. pumilioLC95
| `--+--N. nitidaLC95
| `--+--N. betuloidesLC95
| `--N. dombeyiLC95
`--N. subg. FuscosporaLC95
| i. s.: N. × apiculata (Colenso) Cockayne 1911 [=Fagus apiculata Colenso 1884; N. solandri × N. truncata]A61
| |--N. a. var. apiculataA61
| `--N. a. var. dubia (Kirk) Cheeseman 1925 (see below for synonymy)A61
| N. × blairii (Kirk) Cockayne 1911 [=Fagus blairii Kirk 1885; N. cliffortioides × N. fusca]A61
|--N. alessandriLC95
`--+--N. gunniiLC95
`--+--N. solandri (Hooker) Oerst. 1873LC95, A61 [=Fagus solandri Hooker 1844A61, N. solanderiA61]
| |--N. s. var. solandriA61
| `--N. s. var. cliffortioides (Hooker) Poole 1958 (see below for synonymy)A61
`--+--N. fusca (Hooker) Oerst. 1873LC95, A61 [=Fagus fusca Hooker 1844A61; incl. F. punctata msA61]
`--N. truncata (Col.) Cockayne 1926LC95, A61 (see below for synonymy)
Nothofagus apiculata var. dubia (Kirk) Cheeseman 1925 [=Fagus fusca var. dubia Kirk 1889; incl. F. fusca var. obsoleta Kirk 1889]A61
Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (Hooker) Poole 1958 [=Fagus cliffortioides Hooker 1844, N. cliffortioides (Hooker) Oerst. 1873]A61
Nothofagus truncata (Col.) Cockayne 1926LC95, A61 [=Fagus truncata Col. 1899A61; incl. F. fusca var. colensoi Hooker 1854A61, Nothofagus fusca var. colensoi (Hooker) Cheesem. 1925A61, F. rotundifolia msA61]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).
[BT87] Baker, E. W., & D. M. Tuttle. 1987. The false spider mites of Mexico (Tenuipalpidae: Acari). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1706: 1–237.
[B81] Barker, W. R. 1981. Juglandaceae. In: Henty, E. E. (ed.) Handbooks of the Flora of Papua New Guinea vol. 2 pp. 202–205. Melbourne University Press.
[CP02] Christopher, R. A., & D. C. Prowell. 2002. A palynological biozonation for the Maastrichtian stage (Upper Cretaceous) of South Carolina, USA. Cretaceous Research 23: 639–669.
[CD02] Clifford, H. T., & M. E. Dettmann. 2002. A winged fruit from the Tertiary of Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 48: 79–83.
[CBH93] Collinson, M. E., M. C. Boulter & P. L. Holmes. 1993. Magnoliophyta (‘Angiospermae’). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 809–841. Chapman & Hall: London.
[C38] Crawford, J. C. 1938. Some new or little known Thysanoptera. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (2): 35–43.
[D07] Dash, S. S. 2007. Useful plants of Kabi Sacred Grove, Sikkim. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 79–88.
[D01] Doweld, A. B. 2001. The systematic relevance of fruit and seed structure in Bersama and Melianthus (Melianthaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 227: 75–103.
[EB17] Engler, A., & W. v. Brehmer. 1917. Eine neue Myrica. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 54: 290.
[GT02] Gomez, B., F. Thévenard, M. Fantin & L. Guisberti. 2002. Late Cretaceous plants from the Bonarelli Level of the Venetian Alps, northeastern Italy. Cretaceous Research 23: 671–685.
[HL08] Henniger, M., & R. Leder. 2008. Eozäne Makroflora der Querfurter Mulde. Mauritiana 20 (2): 229–251.
[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).
[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.
[LC95] Linder, H. P., & M. D. Crisp. 1995. Nothofagus and Pacific biogeography. Cladistics 11: 5–32.
[MH98] Morikawa, H., A. Higaki, M. Nohno, M. Takahashi, M. Kamada, M. Nakata, G. Toyohara, Y. Okamura, K. Matsui, S. Kitani, K. Fujita, K. Irifune & N. Goshima. 1998. More than a 600-fold variation in nitrogen dioxide assimilation among 217 plant taxa. Plant, Cell and Environment 21: 180–190.
[PB27] Pilsbry, H. A., & J. Bequaert. 1927. The aquatic mollusks of the Belgian Congo, with a geographical and ecological account of Congo malacology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 53 (2): 69–602, pls 10–77.
[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.
[P88] Polunin, I. 1988. Plants and Flowers of Malaysia. Times Editions: Singapore.
[RJ11] Rising, J. D., A. Jaramillo, J. L. Copete, P. G. Ryan & S. C. Madge. 2011. Family Emberizidae (buntings and New World sparrows). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 428–683. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.
[SS72] Singh, V., & H. Singh. 1972. A contribution to the flora of Gangolihat block in Pithoragarh District. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (2): 352–368.
[S89] Squinabol, S. 1889. Res Ligusticae. VII.—Cenno preliminare sulla flora fossile di Santa Giustina. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2a, 7: 73–76.
[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.
[WM09] Wang, H., M. J. Moore, P. S. Soltis, C. D. Bell, S. F. Brockington, R. Alexandre, C. C. Davis, M. Latvis, S. R. Manchester & D. E. Soltis. 2009. Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106 (10): 3853–3858.
[Z02] Zherikhin, V. V. 2002. Ecological history of the terrestrial insects. In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 331–388. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.