Belongs within: Collembola.
Contains: Neanura, Anurida, Ceratrimeria, Pseudachorutes.
The Neanuridae are a group of springtails characterised by the presence of microsensilla on the third thoracic segment, a cardo between the stipes and the fulcrum, near-cylindrical antennae, and pointed buccal cones (Greenslade 1991). Friesea is distinguished from other genera in the family by its sickle-shaped maxillae (Christiansen & Bellinger 1980). The Neanurinae are dorsoventrally flattened and lack a furca (Greenslade 1991).
<==Neanuridae [Achorutinae, Neoarthropleona]
| i. s.: PseudachorutellaSL06
| |--P. asigillata (Börner 1901)SL06
| `--P. stachi [=Pseudachorutes (Pseudachorutella) stachi]H83
| Pseudoxenylla Christiansen & Pike 2002CP02
| `--*P. fovealis Christiansen & Pike 2002CP02
| KenyuraMC13
| Neanurodes neomexicanus Scott 1960 (n. d.)CB81
|--UchidanurinaeG91
| |--Megalanura tasmaniaeG91
| |--WomersleymeriaG91
| `--Acanthanura Börner 1906G91, W39
|--Neanurinae [Achorutini]G91
| |--ProtanuraCB80
| |--AustralonuraG91
| |--NeanuraCB80
| |--Oudemansia Schött 1893 nec Miq. 1854 (ICBN) nec Speg. 1880 (ICBN)CB80
| | |--*O. coerulea Schött 1893CB80 [=Polyacanthella coeruleaW39]
| | |--O. esakiiCB80
| | |--O. georgia Christiansen & Bellinger 1980CB80
| | `--O. hirashimaiCB80
| |--Morulina Börner 1906CB80
| | |--*M. gigantea (Tullberg 1876) (see below for synonymy)CB80
| | |--M. alia Christiansen & Bellinger 1980CB80
| | |--M. crassa Christiansen & Bellinger 1980CB80
| | |--M. mackenziana Hammer 1953CB80
| | |--M. multatuberculata (Coleman 1941) [=Neanura multatuberculata]CB80
| | |--M. nuda Cassagnau 1955CB80
| | `--M. thulensis Hammer 1953CB80
| |--Anuridella Willem 1906CB80
| | |--*A. marina Willem 1906 [=Anurida (*Anuridella) marina]CB80
| | `--A. calcarata Denis 1925TM86 [=Anurida (Anuridella) calcarataCB80]
| |--AnuridaCB80
| |--Paranura Axelson 1902CB80
| | |--*P. sexpunctata Axelson 1902CB80
| | |--P. anops Christiansen & Bellinger 1980CB80
| | |--P. australasiae Womersley 1935W39
| | |--P. caeca Folsom 1916CB80
| | |--P. colorata Mills 1934 [=P. sexpunctata var. colorata]CB80
| | |--P. millsi Christiansen & Bellinger 1980CB80
| | |--P. quadrilobata Hammer 1953CB80
| | `--P. s-uenoiCB80
| |--Cassagnaudina Massoud 1967CB80
| | `--*C. coiffaiti (Cassagnau 1955) [=Pseudachorudina coiffaiti]CB80
| `--Stachorutes demattiesi Dallai 1973CB80
|--Friesea Dalla Torre 1895SS06 [incl. Macgillivraya Grote 1894 (nom. rej.)CB80, Prospinanura Wray 1952CB80; FrieseinaeG91]
| |--*F. mirabilis (Tullberg 1871) [=Triaena mirabilis]CB80
| |--F. cera Christiansen & Bellinger 1980CB80
| |--F. claviseta Axelson 1900 [incl. F. caldaria Guthrie 1903]CB80
| |--F. emucronata Stach 1922CB80
| |--F. fara Christiansen & Bellinger 1980CB80
| |--F. grandis Mills 1934CB80
| |--F. grisea (Schäffer 1891) (see below for synonymy)W67
| |--F. hammeniH83
| |--F. kardosia (Wray 1952) [=*Prospinanura kardosia]CB80
| |--F. landwehri Christiansen & Bellinger 1980SS06
| |--F. magnicornis Denis 1931CB80
| |--F. mauriesi Cassagnau 1958CB80
| |--F. millsi Christiansen & Bellinger 1974CB80
| |--F. multispinosa Denis 1947G86
| |--F. nauroisi Cassagnau 1958CB80
| |--F. oteruelensis Simón-Benito 2005F05
| |--‘Prospinanura’ oxfordi Wray 1953 (n. d.) [=Wrayella oxfordi]CB80
| |--F. pentacantha Mills 1934CB80
| |--F. peruensis Smolis & Skarżyński 2006SS06
| |--F. polla Christiansen & Bellinger 1974CB80
| |--F. quinquespinosaCB80 [=Polyacanthella quinquispinosaW39]
| |--F. quinta Christiansen & Bellinger 1980CB80
| |--F. sublimis Macnamara 1921CB80
| |--‘Neoprospinanura’ tecala Wray 1963 (n. d.)CB80
| |--F. tilbrooki Wise 1970 [incl. F. viennei Deharveng 1981]G86
| |--F. wilkeyi Christiansen & Bellinger 1974CB80
| `--F. woyciechowskii Weiner 1980SS06
`--Pseudachorutinae [Pseudachorutini]G91
|--EchinanuraW39
|--SericanuraW39
|--StachiaW39
|--PlatanuridaW39
|--MeganuridaW39
|--CeratrimeriaW39
|--PseudachorutesCB80
|--Tasmanura Womersley 1937W39
| `--T. evansi Womersley 1937W39
|--Anuritelsa Womersley 1939W39
| `--*A. maritima Womersley 1939W39
|--Pseudanurida Schött 1901 [incl. Neachorutes Womersley 1933]W39
| |--*P. billitonensis Schött 1901W39
| `--P. glauerti (Womersley 1933)G91, W39 [=Neachorutes glauertiW39]
|--Pseudachorutoides Becker 1905W39
| |--*P. bogoyawlenskyW39
| |--P. clysmae Jackson 1927W39
| `--P. dollfusiW39
`--Polyacanthella Schaeffer 1897 [incl. Conotelsa Denis 1925]W39
|--*P. michaelseni Schaeffer 1897 [=Friesea michaelseni]W39
|--P. accuminata [=Conotelsa accuminata, Friesea accuminata]W39
|--P. barnardi Womersley 1930W39
|--P. brevicaudata [=Friesea brevicaudata]W39
`--P. parvaW39
Friesea grisea (Schäffer 1891) [=Tullbergia grisea, Frisia (l. c.) grisea, Pseudotullbergia grisea; incl. Achorutoides antarcticus Willem 1901]W67
*Morulina gigantea (Tullberg 1876) [=Anura gigantea; incl. M. callowayia Wray 1953, M. kotzebuensis Bödvarsson 1960]CB80
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[CB80] Christiansen, K., & P. Bellinger. 1980. The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande: A taxonomic analysis vol. 1. Introduction; general; families Poduridae and Hypogastruridae. Grinnell College: Grinnell (Iowa).
[CB81] Christiansen, K., & P. Bellinger. 1981. The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande: A taxonomic analysis vol. 4. Families Neelidae and Sminthuridae; glossary; bibliography; index. Grinnell College: Grinnell (Iowa).
[CP02] Christiansen, K., & E. Pike. 2002. Cretaceous Collembola (Arthropoda, Hexapoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Canada. Cretaceous Research 23: 165–188.
[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.
[G86] Greenslade, P. 1986. Additions to the collembolan fauna of Heard Island. Records of the South Australian Museum 19 (7): 91–96.
[G91] Greenslade, P. J. 1991. Collembola (springtails). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 1 pp. 252–264. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).
[H83] Hammen, L. van der. 1983. Contribution to the knowledge of the soil-fauna of New Guinea. Zoologische Verhandelingen 206: 1–36.
[MC13] Majer, J. D., S. K. Callan, K. Edwards, N. R. Gunawardene & C. K. Taylor. 2013. Baseline survey of the terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 13–112.
[SL06] Schulz, H.-J., & P. Lymberakis. 2006. First contribution to the knowledge of the Collembola fauna of the White Mountains (Lefká Óri) in west Crete (Insecta, Collembola, Isotomidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 86 (2): 229–234.
[SS06] Smolis, A., & D. Skarżyński. 2006. A new species of Friesea Dalla Torre 1895 from Peru (Insecta, Collembola, Neanuridae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 86 (1): 39–45.
[TM86] Thibaud, J.-M., & Z. Massoud. 1986. Insecta: Collembola. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 616–617. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.
[W67] Wise, K. A. J. 1967. Collembola (springtails). Antarctic Research Series 10: 123–148.
[W39] Womersley, H. 1939. Primitive Insects of South Australia: Silverfish, springtails, and their allies. South Australian Branch of the British Science Guild: Adelaide.